Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Red Ginseng Extract on Zearalenone Induced Spermatogenesis Impairment in Rat

  • Cho, Eun-Sang (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Ryu, Si-Yun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Jung, Ju-Young (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Park, Bae-Keun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Son, Hwa-Young (College of Veterinary Medicine and Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2011.02.01
  • Accepted : 2011.03.09
  • Published : 2011.09.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a phenolic resorcylic acid lactone compound produced by several species of Fusarium. ZEA has toxic effects in the testes of domestic and laboratory animals. Korean red ginseng (KRG), the steamed root of Panax ginseng Meyer, has multiple pharmacological effects such as vasorelaxation, anti-thrombosis, anti-hypertension, etc. In this study, we investigated the effects of KRG extract on testicular toxicity induced by ZEA. Rats were treated with 300 mg/kg oral doses of KRG for 4 weeks every other day. The rats were then treated with a single dose of 5 mg/kg ZEA delivered intraperitoneally, whereas control rats received only doses of the vehicle. As a result, germ cell apoptosis induced by ZEA was decreased by KRG pre-treatment. In addition, Fas and Fas-L expression was reduced in rats that received KRG pre-treatment compared to ones treated with ZEA alone. In conclusion, impaired spermatogenesis resulting from ZEA treatment was prevented by KRG through Fas-Fas L modulating.

Keywords

References

  1. Mirocha CJ, Christensen CM, Nelson GH. Toxic metabolites produced by fungi implicated in mycotoxicoses. Biotechnol Bioeng 1968;10:469-482. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260100407
  2. Kuiper GG, Lemmen JG, Carlsson B, Corton JC, Safe SH, van der Saag PT, van der Burg B, Gustafsson JA. Interaction of estrogenic chemicals and phytoestrogens with estrogen receptor beta. Endocrinology 1998;139:4252- 4263. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.139.10.4252
  3. Kim IH, Son HY, Cho SW, Ha CS, Kang BH. Zearalenone induces male germ cell apoptosis in rats. Toxicol Lett 2003;138:185-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4274(02)00405-8
  4. Jee Y, Noh EM, Cho ES, Son HY. Involvement of the Fas and Fas ligand in testicular germ cell apoptosis by zearalenone in rat. J Vet Sci 2010;11:115-119. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2010.11.2.115
  5. Jung NP, Jin SH. Studies on the physiological and biochemical effects of Korean ginseng. Korean J Ginseng Sci 1996;20:431-471.
  6. Jeon BH, Kim CS, Park KS, Lee JW, Park JB, Kim KJ, Kim SH, Chang SJ, Nam KY. Effect of Korea red ginseng on the blood pressure in conscious hypertensive rats. Gen Pharmacol 2000;35:135-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-3623(01)00096-9
  7. Ko RJ. Adulterants in Asian patent medicines. N Engl J Med 1998;339:847.
  8. Gillis CN. Panax ginseng pharmacology: a nitric oxide link? Biochem Pharmacol 1997;54:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-2952(97)00193-7
  9. Nam KY. The comparative understanding between red ginseng and white ginsengs, processed ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer). J Ginseng Res 2005;29:1-18. https://doi.org/10.5142/JGR.2005.29.1.001
  10. Gao H, Wang F, Lien EJ, Trousdale MD. Immunostimulating polysaccharides from Panax notoginseng. Pharm Res 1996;13:1196-1200. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016060119425
  11. Du XF, Jiang CZ, Wu CF, Won EK, Choung SY. Synergistic immunostimulating activity of pidotimod and red ginseng acidic polysaccharide against cyclophosphamideinduced immunosuppression. Arch Pharm Res 2008;31:1153-1159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-001-1282-6
  12. Blanco-Rodriguez J, Martínez-Garcia C. Spontaneous germ cell death in the testis of the adult rat takes the form of apoptosis: re-evaluation of cell types that exhibit the ability to die during spermatogenesis. Cell Prolif 1996;29:13-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2184.1996.tb00091.x
  13. Erkkila K, Henriksen K, Hirvonen V, Rannikko S, Salo J, Parvinen M, Dunkel L. Testosterone regulates apoptosis in adult human seminiferous tubules in vitro. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:2314-2321. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.82.7.2314
  14. Richburg JH. The relevance of spontaneous- and chemically- induced alterations in testicular germ cell apoptosis to toxicology. Toxicol Lett 2000;112-113:79-86.
  15. Bratton SB, Cohen GM. Apoptotic death sensor: an organelle's alter ego? Trends Pharmacol Sci 2001;22:306- 315. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-6147(00)01718-1
  16. Schmitz I, Kirchhoff S, Krammer PH. Regulation of death receptor-mediated apoptosis pathways. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2000;32:1123-1136. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1357-2725(00)00048-0
  17. Nagata S, Golstein P. The Fas death factor. Science 1995; 267:1449-1456. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7533326
  18. Xerri L, Devilard E, Hassoun J, Mawas C, Birg F. Fas ligand is not only expressed in immune privileged human organs but is also coexpressed with Fas in various epithelial tissues. Mol Pathol 1997;50:87-91. https://doi.org/10.1136/mp.50.2.87
  19. Lee J, Richburg JH, Younkin SC, Boekelheide K. The Fas system is a key regulator of germ cell apoptosis in the testis. Endocrinology 1997;138:2081-2088. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.138.5.2081
  20. Pentikainen V, Erkkila K, Suomalainen L, Parvinen M, Dunkel L. Estradiol acts as a germ cell survival factor in the human testis in vitro. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:2057-2067. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.85.5.2057
  21. Blanchard KT, Allard EK, Boekelheide K. Fate of germ cells in 2,5-hexanedione-induced testicular injury. I. Apoptosis is the mechanism of germ cell death. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1996;137:141-148. https://doi.org/10.1006/taap.1996.0066
  22. Russell LD, Alger LE, Nequin LG. Hormonal control of pubertal spermatogenesis. Endocrinology 1987;120:1615- 1632. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-120-4-1615
  23. Miraglia SM, Hayashi H. Histomorphometry of immature rat testis after heating. J Morphol 1993;217:65-74. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052170106
  24. Turner TT, Tung KS, Tomomasa H, Wilson LW. Acute testicular ischemia results in germ cell-specific apoptosis in the rat. Biol Reprod 1997;57:1267-1274. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod57.6.1267
  25. Richburg JH, Nanez A, Gao H. Participation of the Fassignaling system in the initiation of germ cell apoptosis in young rat testes after exposure to mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1999;160:271-278. https://doi.org/10.1006/taap.1999.8786
  26. Kim YH, Cho ES, Kim AY, Kim SH, Kim MS, Cho SW, Ryu SY, Jung JY, Son HY. Toxicological effects of perfluorooctanoic acid in rats. Korean J Vet Res 2008;48:347- 355.
  27. Lee JY, Kim JW, Cho SD, Kim YH, Choi KJ, Joo WH, Cho YK, Moon JY. Protective effect of ginseng extract against apoptotic cell death induced by 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl in neuronal SK-N-MC cells. Life Sci 2004;75:1621-1634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2004.03.016
  28. Yin HJ, Zhang Y, Jiang YR. Effect of folium panax quinquefolium saponins on apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells and apoptosis-related gene expression in rats with acute myocardial infarction. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 2005;25:232-235.
  29. Hosono-Nishiyama K, Matsumoto T, Kiyohara H, Nishizawa A, Atsumi T, Yamada H. Suppression of Fasmediated apoptosis of keratinocyte cells by chikusetsusaponins isolated from the roots of Panax japonicus. Planta Med 2006;72:193-198. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-916176
  30. Li H, Xu L, Dunbar JC, Dhabuwala CB. Role of mitochondrial cytochrome c in cocaine-induced apoptosis in rat testes. Urology 2003;61:646-650. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0090-4295(02)02263-X
  31. Lue YH, Hikim AP, Swerdloff RS, Im P, Taing KS, Bui T, Leung A, Wang C. Single exposure to heat induces stage-specific germ cell apoptosis in rats: role of intratesticular testosterone on stage specificity. Endocrinology 1999;140:1709-1717. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.140.4.1709
  32. Moreno A, Figueras A, Lloveras B, Escobedo A, Griera E,Sierra A, Fabra A. Apoptosis in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. Breast J 2001;7:245-248. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-4741.2001.98116.x
  33. Abbes S, Ouanes Z, Salah-Abbes JB, Abdel-Wahhab MA, Oueslati R, Bacha H. Preventive role of aluminosilicate clay against induction of micronuclei and chromosome aberrations in bone-marrow cells of Balb/c mice treated with Zearalenone. Mutat Res 2007;631:85-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.01.012
  34. Abbes S, Salah-Abbes JB, Ouanes Z, Houas Z, Othman O, Bacha H, Abdel-Wahhab MA, Oueslati R. Preventive role of phyllosilicate clay on the Immunological and Biochemical toxicity of zearalenone in Balb/c mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2006;6:1251-1258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2006.03.012
  35. Yang JY, Wang GX, Liu JL, Fan JJ, Cui S. Toxic effects of zearalenone and its derivatives alpha-zearalenol on male reproductive system in mice. Reprod Toxicol 2007;24:381-387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2007.05.009
  36. Ben Salah-Abbes J, Abbes S, Abdel-Wahhab MA, Oueslati R. Raphanus sativus extract protects against Zearalenone induced reproductive toxicity, oxidative stress and mutagenic alterations in male Balb/c mice. Toxicon 2009;53:525-533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.01.013
  37. Choi HJ, Han HS, Park JH, Son JH, Bae JH, Seung TS, Choi C. Antioxidantive, phospholipase A2 inhibiting, and anticancer effect of polyphenol rich fractions from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. J Korean Soc Agric Chem Biotechnol 2003;46:251-256.

Cited by

  1. Ginseng and male reproductive function vol.3, pp.3, 2013, https://doi.org/10.4161/spmg.26391
  2. Cardioprotective potential of Korean Red Ginseng extract on isoproterenol-induced cardiac injury in rats vol.37, pp.3, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5142/jgr.2013.37.273
  3. Ginseng Nanoparticles Protect Against Methotrexate-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Rats vol.9, pp.None, 2011, https://doi.org/10.32527/2019/101397