Preventive Nutrition and Food Science

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Reduction of Body Weight by Capsaicin is Associated with Inhibition of Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity and Stimulation of Uncoupling Protein 2 mRNA Expression in Diet-induced Obese Rats

  • Ann, Ji-Young (Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Lee, Mak-Soon (Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Joo, Hyun-Jin (Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Kim, Chong-Tai (Food NanoBio Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Yang-Ha (Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University)
  • Received : 2011.06.22
  • Accepted : 2011.09.07
  • Published : 2011.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Capsaicin is a pungent component of red pepper, which is widely consumed as food adjuncts. The present study was performed to investigate anti-obesity effects of capsaicin in diet-induced obese rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=14) were fed with a high-fat diet (Control) or high-fat diet containing 0.016% capsaicin (w/w) (Capsaicin) for 8 weeks. The final body weight and the mass of white adipose tissue were significantly lower in capsaicin supplemented group compared to control. Dietary capsaicin ameliorated lipid profiles with decrease in the plasma concentrations of triglycerides and total cholesterol, and decrease in the levels of total lipids and triglycerides in the liver. Activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH), an indicator of triglyceride biosynthesis in white adipose tissue, decreased by 35% in the group supplemented with capsaicin. However, consumption of capsaicin increased the expression of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in white adipose tissue, which is related to energy consumption. Our data suggests that capsaicin may reduce body weight and fat accumulation in high fat diet-induced obese rats. These effects may be mediated, at least partially, by the upregulation of UCP2 gene expression and its ability to inhibit GPDH activity.

Keywords

References

  1. James OH, John CP. 1998. Environmental contributions to the obesity epidemic. Science 280: 1371-1374. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.280.5368.1371
  2. Pischon T, Nothlings U, Boeing H. 2008. Obesity and cancer. Proc Nutr Soc 67: 128-145. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665108006976
  3. Lee MS, CT Kim, Kim IH, Kim Y. 2011. Effects of capsaicin on lipid catabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Phytother Res 25: 935-939. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.3339
  4. Ejaz A, Wu D, Kwan P, Meydani M. 2009. Curcumin inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and angiogenesis and obesity in C57/BL mice. J Nutr 139: 919-925. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.108.100966
  5. Hsu CL, Yen GC. 2007. Effects of capsaicin on induction of apoptosis and inhibition of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. J Agric Food Chem 7: 1730-1736.
  6. Inoue N, Matsunaga Y, Satoh H, Takahashi M. 2007. Enhanced energy expenditure and fat oxidation in humans with high BMI scores by the ingestion of novel and nonpungent capsaicin analogues (Capsinoids). Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 71: 380-389. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.60341
  7. Westerterp-Plantenga M, Diepvens K, Joosen AM, Berube- Parent S, Tremblay A. 2006. Metabolic effects of spices, teas, and caffeine. Physiol Behav 30: 85-91.
  8. Limlomwongse L, Chaitauchawong C, Tongyai S. 1979. Effect of capsaicin on gastric acid secretion and mucosal blood flow in the rat. J Nutr 109: 773-777. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/109.5.773
  9. Kozukue N, Han JS, Kozukue E, Lee SJ, Kim JA, Lee KR, Levin CE, Friedman M. 2005. Analysis of eight capsaicinoids in peppers and pepper-containing foods by high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem 16: 9172-9181.
  10. Mazourek M, Pujar A, Borovsky Y, Paran I, Mueller L, Jahn MM. 2009. A dynamic interface for capsaicinoid systems biology. Plant Physiol 150: 1806-1821. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.109.136549
  11. Watanabe T, Kawada T, Yamamoto M, Iwai K. 1987. Capsaicin, a pungent principle of hot red pepper, evokes catecholamine secretion from the adrenal medulla of anesthetized rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 15: 259-264.
  12. Watanabe T, Kawada T, Kurosawa M, Sato A, Iwai K. 1988. Adrenal sympathetic efferent nerve and catecholamine secretion excitation caused by capsaicin in rats. Am J Physiol 255: 23-27.
  13. Kawada T, Watanabe T, Takaishi T, Tanaka T, Iwai K. 1986. Capsaicin-induced beta-adrenergic action on energy metabolism in rats: influence of capsaicin on oxygen consumption, the respiratory quotient, and substrate utilization. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 183: 250-256. https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-183-42414
  14. Diepvens K, Westerterp KR, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. 2007. Obesity and thermogenesis related to the consumption of caffeine, ephedrine, capsaicin, and green tea. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 292: 77-85. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00832.2005
  15. Kawada T, Hagihara K, Iwai K. 1986. Effects of capsaicin on lipid metabolism in rats fed high fat diet. J Nutr 116: 1272-1278. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/116.7.1272
  16. Lejeune MP, Kovacs EM, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. 2003. Effect of capsaicin on substrate oxidation and weight maintenance after modest body-weight loss in human subjects. Br J Nutr 90: 651-659. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN2003938
  17. Snitker S, Fujishima Y, Shen H, Ott S, Pi-Sunyer X, Furuhata Y, Sato H, Takahashi M. 2009. Effects of novel capsinoid treatment on fatness and energy metabolism in humans: possible pharmacogenetic implications. Am J Clin Nutr 89: 45-50. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.26561
  18. Kang JH, Goto T, Han IS, Kawada T, Kim YM, Yu R. 2010. Dietary capsaicin reduces obesity-induced insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in obese mice fed a highfat diet. Obesity 18: 780-787. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2009.301
  19. Brand MD, Esteves TC. 2005. Physiological functions of the mitochondrial uncoupling proteins UCP2 and UCP3. Cell Metab 2: 85-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2005.06.002
  20. Harding JW, Pyeritz EA, Copeland ES, White HB. 1975. Role of glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase in glyceride metabolism- Effect of diet on enzyme activities in chicken liver. Biochem J 146: 223-229. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj1460223
  21. National Research Council. 1985. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. National Institutes of Health, Washington, DC, USA. Publication no. 85-23 (rev.), p 21- 55
  22. Bligh EG, Dyer WJ. 1959. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Physiol 37: 911-917. https://doi.org/10.1139/o59-099
  23. Jun BS, Cha JY, Yoo KS, Cho YS. 2004. Improvement effect of capsaicin against orotic acid-induced fatty liver in rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 33: 815-820. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2004.33.5.815
  24. Porter SA, Massaro JM, Hoffmann U, Vasan RS, O'Donnel CJ, Fox CS. 2009. Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue: a protective fat depot? Diabetes Care 32: 1068-1075. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc08-2280
  25. Soret MG, Kupiecki FP, Wyse BM. 1974. Epididymal fat pad alterations in mice with spontaneous obesity and diabetes and with chemically induced obesity. Diabetologia 10: 639-648. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01221998
  26. Zhang LL, Yan Liu D, Ma LQ, Luo ZD, Cao TB, Zhong J, Yan ZC, Wang LJ, Zhao ZG, Zhu SJ, Schrader M, Thilo F, Zhu ZM, Tepel M. 2007. Activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 channel prevents adipogenesis and obesity. Circ Res 13: 1063-1070.
  27. Manjunatha H, Srinivasan K. 2007. Hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of curcumin and capsaicin in high-fat-fed rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 85: 588-596. https://doi.org/10.1139/Y07-044
  28. Srinivasan K, Sambaiah K. 1991. The effect of spices on cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity and on serum and hepatic cholesterol levels in the rat. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 61: 364-369.
  29. Nagy TR, Blaylock ML, Garvey WT. 2004. Role of UCP2 and UCP3 in nutrition and obesity. Nutrition 20: 139-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2003.09.024

Cited by

  1. Effect of high hydrostatic pressure extract of fresh ginseng on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes vol.95, pp.12, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6961
  2. The hypocholesterolemic effect of capsaicinoids in ovariectomized rats fed with a cholesterol-free diet was mediated by inhibition of hepatic cholesterol synthesis vol.4, pp.5, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1039/c3fo30321g