Ocean and Polar Research

Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (한국해양과학기술원)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Temporal and Spatial Variations of Sinking-particle Fluxes in the Northwestern Subtropical Pacific

북서태평양 아열대 해역에서 침강입자 플럭스의 시·공간 변동

  • Kim, Hyung-Jeek (Deep-sea and Marine Geo-Resources Research Department, KORDI) ;
  • Hyeong, Ki-Seong (Deep-sea and Marine Geo-Resources Research Department, KORDI) ;
  • Yoo, Chan-Min (Deep-sea and Marine Geo-Resources Research Department, KORDI) ;
  • Jeon, Dong-Chull (Climate Change & Coastal Disaster Research Department, KORDI) ;
  • Jeong, Jin-Hyun (Climate Change & Coastal Disaster Research Department, KORDI) ;
  • Khim, Boo-Keun (Department of Oceanography, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Seon (Climate Change & Coastal Disaster Research Department, KORDI)
  • 김형직 (한국해양연구원 심해.해저자원연구부) ;
  • 형기성 (한국해양연구원 심해.해저자원연구부) ;
  • 유찬민 (한국해양연구원 심해.해저자원연구부) ;
  • 전동철 (한국해양연구원 기후.연안재해연구부) ;
  • 정진현 (한국해양연구원 기후.연안재해연구부) ;
  • 김부근 (부산대학교 자연과학대학 해양시스템과학과) ;
  • 김동선 (한국해양연구원 기후.연안재해연구부)
  • Received : 2011.07.06
  • Accepted : 2011.09.09
  • Published : 2011.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Time-series sediment traps were deployed at 1,000 m water depth of the northwestern subtropical Pacific from July 2009 to June 2010, with the aim of understanding temporal and spatial variations of sinking-particle fluxes. The opening and closing of the traps was synchronized at 18-day periods for 20 events. Total mass fluxes showed distinct seasonal variations with high values for the summer-fall seasons and relatively low values for winter-spring. This seasonal variation at two stations was characterized by a distinct difference in $CaCO_3$ fluxes between the two seasons. The enhanced $CaCO_3$ flux in the summer - fall seasons might be attributed to an increased planktonic foraminiferal flux. Total mass flux at FM10 station was nearly 50% higher than that at FM1 station. The difference in $CaCO_3$ fluxes between two stations contributed nearly 70% of the difference of total mass fluxes. The $CaCO_3$ flux was a major component controlling temporal and spatial variation of sinking - particle fluxes in the western subtropical Pacific Ocean.

Keywords

References

  1. Chavez FP, Strutton PG, Friederich GE, Feely RA, Feldman GC, Foley DG, McPhaden MJ (1999) Biological and chemical response of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean to the 1997-98 El Nino. Science 286:2126-2131 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.286.5447.2126
  2. Collier R, Dymond J, Honjo S, Manganini S, Francois R, Dunbar R, (2000) The vertical flux of biogenic and lithogenic material in the Ross Sea: moored sediment trap observations 1996-1998. Deep-Sea Res II 47:3491-3520 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(00)00076-X
  3. Dandonneau Y, Deschamps PY, Nicolas JM, Loisel H, Blanchot J, Montel Y, Thieuleux F, Becu G (2004) Seasonal and interannual variability of ocean color and composition of phytoplankton communities in the North Atlantic, equatorial Pacific and South Pacific. Deep-Sea Res II 51:303-318 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2003.07.018
  4. Dymond J, Collier R (1988) Biogenic particle fluxes in the equatorial pacific: evidence for both high and low productivity during the 1982-1983 El Nino. Global Biogeochem Cy 2:129-137 https://doi.org/10.1029/GB002i002p00129
  5. Furuya K (1990) Subsurface chlorophyll maximum in the tropical and subtropical western Pacific Ocean: vertical profiles of phytoplankton biomass and its relationship with chlorophyll a and particulate organic carbon. Mar Biol 107:529-539 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01313438
  6. Garidel-Thoron T, Rosenthal Y, Bassinot F, Beaufort L (2005) Stable sea surface temperatures in the western Pacific warm pool over the past 1.75 million years. Nature 433:294-298 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03189
  7. Gupta LP, Kawahata H (2002) Impact of ENSO variability on the flux and composition of sinking POM in the western equatorial Pacific Ocean: Amino acids and hexosamines. Deep-Sea Res II 49:2769-2782 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00057-7
  8. Haake B, Ittekkot V, Rixen T, Ramaswamy V, Nair RR, Curry WB (1993) Seasonality and interannual variability of particle fluxes to the deep Arabian Sea. Deep-Sea Res I 40:1323-1344 https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0637(93)90114-I
  9. Honda MC, Kawakami H, Sasaoka K, Watanabe S, Dickey T (2006) Quick transport of primary produced organic carbon to the ocean interior. Geophys Res Lett, 33:L16603 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL026466
  10. Honjo S, Manganini S, Cole JJ (1982) Sedimentation of biogenic matter in the deep ocean. Deep-Sea Res 29:609-625
  11. Honjo, S, Dymond J, Collier R, Manganini SJ (1995) Export production of particles to the interior of the equatorial Pacific Ocean during the 1992 EqPac experiment. Deep-Sea Res II 42:831-870 https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(95)00034-N
  12. Hsieh CH, Chiu TS, Shih C (2004) Copepod diversity and composition as indicators of intrusion of the Kuroshio branch current into the Northern Taiwan Strait in spring 2000. Zool Stud 43:393-403
  13. Jian Z, Wang P, Saito Y, Wang J, Pflaumann U, Oba T, Cheng X (2000) Holocene variability of the Kuroshio current in the Okinawa Trough, northwestern Pacific Ocean. Earth Planet Sc Lett 184:305-319 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00321-6
  14. Karl DM, Christian JR, Dore JE, Hebel DV, Letelier RM, Tupas LM, Winn CD (1996) Seasonal and interannual variability in primary production and particle flux at Station ALOHA. Deep-Sea Res II 43:539-568 https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(96)00002-1
  15. Kawahata H, Yamamuro M, Ohta H (1998) Seasonal and vertical variations of sinking particle fluxes in the West Caroline Basin. Oceanol Acta 21:521-532 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0399-1784(98)80035-2
  16. Kawahata H, Suzuki A, Ohta H (2000) Export fluxes in the Western Pacific Warm Pool. Deep-Sea Res I 47:2061-2091 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(00)00025-X
  17. Kawahata H (2002) Suspended and settling particles in the Pacific. Deep-Sea Res II 49:5647-5664 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00216-3
  18. Kawahata H, Gupta LP (2003) El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Related Variations in Particulate Export Fluxes in the Western and Central Equatorial Pacific. J Oceanogr 59:663-670 https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOCE.0000009595.79408.13
  19. Kawahata H, Gupta LP (2004) Settling particles flux in response to El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Equatorial Pacific. In: Shiyomi et al (eds) Global Environmental Change in the Ocean and on Land. Terrapub, Tokyo, pp 95-108
  20. Kempe S, Knaack H (1996) Vertical particle flux in the Western Pacific below the North Equatorial Current and the Equatorial Counter Current. in Particle Flux in the Ocean. In: Ittekkot V, Schafer P, Honjo S, Depetris PJ (eds) Particle flux in the ocean, John Wiley & Sons, pp 313-323
  21. Kim D, Kim DY, Kim YJ, Kang YC (2002) Seasonal variations of particle fluxes in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica. Ocean and Polar Res, 24:153-166 https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2002.24.2.153
  22. Kim HJ, Hyeong K, Yoo CM, Chi SB, Khim BK, Kim D (2010) Seasonal variations of particle fluxes in the northeastern equatorial Pacific during normal and weak El Nino periods. Geosci J 14:415-422 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12303-010-0035-z
  23. Kim HJ, Kim D, Yoo CM, Chi SB, Khim BK, Shin HR, Hyeong K (2011) Influence of ENSO variability on sinking-particle fluxes in the northeastern equatorial Pacific. Deep-Sea Res I 58:865-874 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2011.06.007
  24. Kuroyanagi A, Kawahata H, Nishi H, Honda M (2008) Seasonal to interannual changes in planktonic foraminiferal assemblages in the northwestern North Pacific: Sediment trap results encompassing a warm period related to El Nino. Palaeogeogr Palaeocl, 262:107-127 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.02.012
  25. McPhaden MJ, Picaut J (1990) El Nino Southern oscillation displacements of the western equatorial Pacific warm pool. Science, 270:1385-1388
  26. Messie M, Radenac MH (2006) Seasonal variability of the surface chlorophyll in the western tropical Pacific from SeaWiFS data. Deep-Sea Res I 53:1581-1600 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2006.06.007
  27. Mohiuddin MM, Nishimura A, Tanaka Y, Shimamoto A (2002) Regional and interannual productivity of biogenic components and planktonic foraminiferal fluxes in the northwestern Pacific Basin. Mar Micropaleontol 45:57-82 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8398(01)00045-7
  28. Mohiuddin MM, Nishimura A, Tanaka Y, Shimamoto A (2004) Seasonality of biogenic particle and planktonic foraminifera fluxes: response to hydrographic variability in the Kuroshio Extension, northwestern Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Res I 51:1659-1683 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2004.06.002
  29. Okazaki Y, Takahashi K, Onodera J, Honda M (2005) Temporal and spatial flux changes of radiolarians in the northwestern Pacific Ocean during 1997-2000. Deep-Sea Res II 52:2240-2274 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.07.006
  30. Picaut J, Delcroix T (1995) Equatorial wave sequence associated with warm pool displacement during the 1986-1989 El Nino-La Nina. J Geophys Res 100:18393-18408 https://doi.org/10.1029/95JC01358
  31. Picaut J, Hackert E, Busalacchi AJ, Murtugudde R, Lagerloef GSE (2002) Mechanisms of the 1997-1998 El Nino-La Nina, as inferred from space-based observations. J Geophys Res, 107:3037. doi: 10.1029/2001jc000850
  32. Pickard GL, Emery WJ (1982) Descriptive Physical Oceanography. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 45 p
  33. Qiu B, Lukas R (1996) Seasonal and interannual variability of the North Equatorial Current, the Mindanao Current, and the Kuroshio along the Pacific western boundary. J Geophys Res 101:12315-12330 https://doi.org/10.1029/95JC03204
  34. Radenac MH, Rodier M (1996) Nitrate and chlorophyll distributions in relation to thermohaline and current structures in the western tropical Pacific during 1985-1989. Deep-Sea Res II 43:725-752 https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(96)00025-2
  35. Rixen T, Haake B, Ittekkot V, Gupta MVS, Nair RR, Schlussel P (1996) Coupling between SW monsoonrelated surface and deep ocean processes as discerned from continous particle flux measurements and correlated satellite data. J Geophys Res 101:28569-28582 https://doi.org/10.1029/96JC02420
  36. Takahashi K, Onodera J, Katsurada Y (2009) Relationship between time-series diatom fluxes in the central and western equatorial Pacific and ENSO-associated migrations of the Western Pacific Warm Pool. Deep-Sea Res I 56:1298-1318 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2009.04.002
  37. Tanaka Y, Kawahata H (2001) Seasonal occurrence of coccoliths in sediment traps from west Caroline Basin, equatorial West Pacific Ocean. Mar Micropaleontol 43:273-284 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8398(01)00027-5
  38. Thunell R, Anderson D, Gellar D, Miao Q (1994) Seasurface temperature estimates for the tropical western Pacific during the last glacial and their implications for the Pacific warm pool. Quart Res 41:255-264 https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1994.1029
  39. Yamasaki M, Sasaki A, Oda M, Domitsu H (2008) Western equatorial Pacific planktonic foraminiferal fluxes and assemblages during a La Nina year (1999). Mar Micropaleontol 66:304-319 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.10.006
  40. Yan XH, Ho CR, Zheng Q, Klemas V (1992) Temperature and size variabilities of the western Pacific warm pool. Science 258:1643-1645 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.258.5088.1643

Cited by

  1. Sinking Particle Flux in the Subtropical Oligotrophic Northwestern Pacific from a Short-term Sediment Trap Experiment vol.53, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-018-0025-z