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Biological Activities of Isolated Icariin from Epimedium koreanum Nakai

삼지구엽초로부터 분리한 Icariin의 생리활성

  • Kim, Seo-Jin (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Park, Myoung-Su (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Ding, Tian (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Wang, Jun (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Oh, Deog-Hwan (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University)
  • 김서진 (강원대학교 바이오산업공학부 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 박명수 (강원대학교 바이오산업공학부 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 딩티안 (강원대학교 바이오산업공학부 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 왕준 (강원대학교 바이오산업공학부 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 오덕환 (강원대학교 바이오산업공학부 식품생명공학과)
  • Received : 2011.08.22
  • Accepted : 2011.09.01
  • Published : 2011.10.31

Abstract

Epimedium koreanum Nakai is a wild medicinal plant commonly consumed in South Korea due to its health beneficial effects. In the present study, the antioxidative, antimutagenic and immunological activities of E. koreanum Nakai extracts were investigated for their use in food. The yields of icariin compounds from the ethanol extract as well as the ethyl acetate, butanol, hexane, water, and chloroform fractions of E. koreanum were 27.9, 2.5, 1.7, 1.4, and 1.3 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively. The icariin components (295.5 ${\mu}g/g$) were collected from the ethyl acetate fraction by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and analyzed via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The antioxidant activities of each fraction were as follows: ethyl acetate (49.0 ${\mu}g/mL$), butanol (59.2 ${\mu}g/mL$), hexane (119.8 ${\mu}g/mL$), water (122.0 ${\mu}g/mL$), and chloroform (138.5 ${\mu}g/mL$), based on $RC_{50}$ ${\mu}g/mL$. Icariin, isolated and identified as the main component, showed strong antioxidant activity with a $RC_{50}$ value of 15.3 ${\mu}g/mL$, which was higher than those of ascorbic acid (19.5 ${\mu}g/mL$) and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol (18.2 ${\mu}g/mL$). In an Ames test, none of the fractions produced mutagenic effects on Salmonella Typhimurium TA98 and TA100. In an immunomodulating activity test, the effects of E. koreanum Nakai on B cells (Rhamos) and T cells (Jurkat) were investigated. These results show that the growth and viability of B and T cells were increased by isolated icariin components for 1.27 and 1.28 fold, respectively. These results also provide preliminary data for the development of E. koreanum Nakai as an edible food material.

본 연구는 삼지구엽초의 기능성 식품학적 이용성 증진을 위한 기초적인 연구로써 우리나라 산야에서 존재하며 예로부터 약용으로 이용되고 있는 삼지구엽초의 주요성분인 icariin을 분리하여 생리활성을 검토하였다. 에탄올로 추출한 삼지구엽초를 극성이 다른 용매인 에틸아세테이트, 부탄올, 헥산, 물, 클로로포름 층으로 분리하여, icariin의 함량을 측정한 결과 각각 27.9, 2.5, 1.7, 1.4, 1.3 ${\mu}g/g$이었고, icariin 수율이 가장 많은 에틸아세테이트 분획물로부터 정제한 icariin 수율은 295.5 ${\mu}g/g$이었으며 대부분 에틸아세테이트에서 용출되는 것을 확인하였다. 용매별 분획물의 항산화효과는 에틸아세테이트 분획층에서 49.0 ${\mu}g/mL$로 가장 높았으며, 부탄올(59.2 ${\mu}g/mL$), 헥산(119.8 ${\mu}g/mL$), 물(122.0 ${\mu}g/mL$), 클로로포름(138.5 ${\mu}g/mL$) 층의 순으로 나타났으며, 정제된 icariin(15.3 ${\mu}g/mL$)은 대조구인 ascorbic acid (19.5 ${\mu}g/mL$), ${\alpha}$-tocopherol(18.2 ${\mu}g/mL$)보다 다소 높은 활성을 나타내었다. Salmonella Typhimurium을 이용한 돌연변이 및 항돌연변이성에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과, 삼지구엽초에서 분리한 icariin은 TA98과 TA100세포 모두에서 돌연변이성을 나타내지 않았다. 인간면역세포인 B세포와 T세포에서의 면역활성시험을 측정한 결과, icariin은 대조구보다 B세포에서 1.27배, T세포에서 1.28배의 비교적 높은 면역증강활성을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 삼지구엽초를 이용한 기능성식품 및 식품재료로서의 이용성 증진을 위한 기초 자료로 제공될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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  1. Icariin Metabolism by Human Intestinal Microflora vol.21, pp.9, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21091158
  2. Antioxidative Effects of Extracts from Different Parts of Epimedium koreanum Nakai vol.45, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2016.45.2.188
  3. 알코올 농도 및 숙성 온도에 따른 삼지구엽초 담금주의 이카린 함량 및 항산화 활성 vol.32, pp.2, 2011, https://doi.org/10.7318/kjfc/2017.32.2.144