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Isolation and Purification of Garlic Specific Organic Compounds

마늘 특이 유기화합물의 분리 및 정제

  • Oh, Tae-Young (Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University) ;
  • Kyung, Kyu-Hang (Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University)
  • Received : 2011.04.06
  • Accepted : 2011.07.14
  • Published : 2011.10.31

Abstract

Garlic specific organic compounds were separated and purified using a recycling preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) from blanched garlic cloves. Identification of the compounds involved comparing the previously reported HPLC retention times as well as other identification methods including $^1H$- and $^{13}C$-nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The yields of garlic specific organic compounds were 12.2, 42.5, 1.6, 1.2, and 4.8% on wet weight basis of garlic for alliin(S-allyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide), isoalliin(S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide), ${\gamma}$-glutamyl-S-allylcysteine, ${\gamma}$-glutamyl-S-1-propenylcysteine and ${\gamma}$-glutamyl-phenylalanine, respectively. All the compounds, except for ${\gamma}$-glutamylphenylalanine, contained sulfur.

마늘의 천연 성분을 분석하였을 때 8개의 주요 성분이 나타났으며, 가장 크게 나타난 피크는 알린이었고 실제로 함량도 가장 높게 나타났다. 이소알린은 알린의 뒤를 이어 큰 피크를 나타내었고 함량도 알린에 이어 많은 양이 얻어졌다. 기타 마늘 특유의 함황유기화합물로서 ${\gamma}$-glutamyl peptide류가 있으며 함량이 충분하여 분리 정제를 수행한 것으로는 ${\gamma}$-glutamyl-S-allylcysteine, ${\gamma}$-glutamyl-S-1-propenylcysteine, ${\gamma}$-glutamylphenylalanine 등 3가지였다. 기타 마늘 특유의 성분은 아니지만 UV 208 nm에서 흡광도를 크게 나타내는 것으로 arginine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan과 같은 일반적인 아미노산류가 있었지만, 본 연구에서는 마늘 특유의 아미노산과 펩타이드만을 정제하였다. 마늘 특이 아미노산과 펩타이드의 분리정제는 재순환 분취 HPLC를 이용하여 순수하게 정제하였으며, 생마늘 6 kg으로부터 알린, 이소알린, ${\gamma}$-glutamyl-S-allylcysteine, ${\gamma}$-glutamyl-S-1-propenylcysteine, ${\gamma}$-glutamylphenylalanine이 각각 7.32, 1.53, 0.38, 0.42, 0.23 g을 얻었으며 이를 마늘 함유량 대비 수율로 계산하면 각각 12.2, 42.5, 1.6, 1.2, 4.8%이었다. 정제한 물질들의 동정방법은 HPLC 머무름 시간의 비교 및 LC/MS를 이용한 분자량 측정이었다. 동일한 분자량을 가지는 알린과 이소알린을 분별하기 위해 $^1H$-NMR를 그리고 ${\gamma}$-glutamyl-S-allylcysteine과 ${\gamma}$-glutamyl-S-1-propenylcysteine을 구별하기 위해 $^1H$-NMR과 $^{13}C$-NMR분석을 수행하였다.

Keywords

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