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Actual Status of Constipation and Life Factors Affecting Constipation by Diagnosis of Rome in Female University Students in Korea

일부 한국여대생의 로마진단기준에 의한 변비 실태조사 및 변비에 영향을 미치는 생활요인

  • Jung, Su-Jin (Clinical Trial Center For Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital) ;
  • Chae, Soo-Wan (Clinical Trial Center For Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital) ;
  • Sohn, Hee-Sook (Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition and Research Institute of Human Ecology, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Sook-Bae (Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition and Research Institute of Human Ecology, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Rho, Jeong-Ok (Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition and Research Institute of Human Ecology, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Baik, Sang-Ho (Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition and Research Institute of Human Ecology, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kang, Myung-Hee (Department of Food & Nutrition, Hannam University) ;
  • Kim, Gun-Hee (Department of Food & Nutrition, Duksung Women's University) ;
  • Kim, Mi-Hyun (Department of Food & Nutrition, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Sook (Department of Food & Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University) ;
  • Park, Eun-Ju (Department of Food & Nutrition, Kyungnam University) ;
  • Heo, Young-Ran (Department of Food and Nutrition, Human Ecology Research Institute, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Cha, Youn-Soo (Clinical Trial Center For Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital)
  • 정수진 (전북대학교병원 기능성 식품 임상시험 지원센터) ;
  • 채수완 (전북대학교병원 기능성 식품 임상시험 지원센터) ;
  • 손희숙 (전북대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김숙배 (전북대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 노정옥 (전북대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 백상호 (전북대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 강명희 (한남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김건희 (덕성여대 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김미현 (강원대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김현숙 (숙명여대 식품영양학과) ;
  • 박은주 (경남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 허영란 (전남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 차연수 (전북대학교병원 기능성 식품 임상시험 지원센터)
  • Received : 2011.09.16
  • Accepted : 2011.10.15
  • Published : 2011.10.31

Abstract

This study investigated the actual status of constipation. In total, 978 female students in Korea participated. We identified the relationship among constipation and life style, clothing patterns, housing patterns, dietary habits, and dietary intake in a constipation symptom group and a normal group. The actual constipation rate based on the Rome II criteria was 27.0% (n = 264). Body weight (p < 0.05) and body mass index (p < 0.05) in the constipation group were significantly higher than those in the normal group. The incidence of functional bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome in the constipation group were significantly higher than those in the normal group. The discomfort of wearing underwear was significantly higher in the constipation group than that in the normal group. The constipation group revealed a significantly higher rate of irregular dietary habits than those in the normal group. The dietary diversity score of the normal group was 4.22 (p < 0.05), which was significantly higher than that of constipation group (4.12). No significant difference in life style factors was observed. It is necessary for university female students to correct their dietary habits, maintain food intake of three times per day, and select diverse foods. Furthermore, it is necessary for university female students to wear comfortable clothing to lessen symptoms and improve constipation rates.

본 연구의 목적은 한국 일부 여대생 978명 대상으로 로마진단기준에 의한 변비 실태를 조사하고, 변비증상을 가진 자와 정상배변 습관을 가진자들의 생활습관, 배변상태, 월경불편감, 의생활, 주거생활, 식습관 및 식이섭취실태 등을 조사하여 변비와 관련성을 살펴보고 이를 영양교육 자료의 기초를 삼고자 실시하였다. 조사대상자는 인구비례에 근거한 전국 5개지역 소재 (서울/경기, 경상, 충청, 전라, 강원지역) 4년제 대학에 재학 중인 여대생 978명을 대상으로 2008년 5월부터 6월까지 조사를 실시하였다. 1) 조사대상자의 평균연령은 21.6세로 로마기준 II에 의한 변비실태 조사는 정상배변군과 변비군 각각 714명 (73.0%)과 264명 (27.0%)로 나타나 변비유병률은 27.0%로 나타났다. 2) 변비군에서 체중 (p < 0.05)과 체질량지수 (p < 0.05)는 정상배변군보다 더 높게 나타났고 비만도가 높을수록 변비발생 (p < 0.01)과 배변장애요인수 (p < 0.01)가 높았다. 3) 변비군의 경우 기능성대장질환 (p < 0.001)과 과민성대장질환 (p < 0.001), 치질 (p < 0.01)발생률과 대변모양이 비정상적 (p < 0.05)비율이 정상배변군보다 더 높게 나타나 배변상태와 변비여부와 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났고 속쓰림증과 상복부 통증증상은 정상배변군에서 변비군보다 더 높게 나타났다 (p < 0.001). 4) 배변상태에 이상이 있고 변비가 있을 때 월경불편감을 느끼는 정도가 더 크게 나타났다. 5) 의류 (속옷류) 착용 시 인체에 나타나는 불편한 증상은 정상배변군보다 변비군에서 유의적으로 더 높았고, 의류착용시 편안함이 높을수록 변비 (p < 0.01), 배변장애요인수 (p < 0.01), 기능성대장질환 (p < 0.01), 과민성대장질환 (p < 0.01) 및 월경불편감 (p < 0.01)은 유의적으로 낮았다. 6) 조사대상자의 평상시 식사의 규칙성 조사결과 변비군에서 아침식사가 불규칙적인 경우는 30.3% (p < 0.05), 점심식사와 저녁식사의 불규칙적인 경우는 각각 33.3% (p < 0.05)와 30.8% (p < 0.05)로 나타나 정상배변군보다 더 높게 나타났다. 또한 규칙적인 식사를 할수록 변비증세 (p < 0.01), 배변장애요인수 (p < 0.01), 기능성대장질환 (p < 0.01), 월경불편감 (p < 0.01), 음주률 (p < 0.01) 및 외식률 (p < 0.05)이 낮았다. 7) 식품군다양성점수 (DDS)는 정상배변군에서 4.22점인 반면 변비군에서는 4.12점보다 더 높게 나타나 (p < 0.05) 변비군의 경우 식사의 다양성이 낮았다. 8) 조사대상자의 주생활 요인 인자와 변비여부와의 관련성은 나타나지 않았다. 9) 변비상태와 건강관련 항목과의 관련성을 조사결과 변비가 있을수록 배변장애요인수 (p < 0.01),기능성대장질환 (p < 0.01), 과민성대장증후군 (p < 0.01) 및 월경불편감(p < 0.01)이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과 여대생들의 변비 증세를 감소시키기 위해서는 식생활습관의 정정과 함께 규칙적인 하루 3끼 식습관유지가 중요하고 식품 선택 시 다양하게 골고루 규칙적으로 섭취하는 것이 필요하다. 의류 착용 시 편안한 옷차림을 유지하고 속옷착용 시에도 편안하고 쾌적함을 유지를 통해 신체증후에 나타는 증상을 최소화하는 것이 변비 개선에 중요할 것으로 사료된다. 추후, 가임기 성인여성 변비 예방을 위한 올바른 생활습관을 유지 및 개선 할 수 있는 실생활 교육지침과 기초자료 제공이 필요하다.

Keywords

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