KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research (대한토목학회논문집)

Korean Society of Civil Engeneers (대한토목학회)
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Characteristics of Runout Distance of Debris Flows in Korea

한국 토석류의 이동거리 특성

  • 최두영 (국립산림과학원, 산림방재연구과) ;
  • 백중철 (강릉원주대학교 토목공학과)
  • Received : 2012.01.25
  • Accepted : 2012.04.17
  • Published : 2012.06.30
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Abstract

In the last decade, heavy rainfall induced debris flow events have been remarkably occurred in Korea. Consequently, debris flow is becoming one of the most dangerous natural phenomena in mountainous area. Understanding and correct predicting of the runout distance of debris flow is an essential prerequisite for developing debris flow hazard map and prevention technology. Based on the simple and widely used sled model, in this study, we analyse the net efficiency of debris flows which is a dimensionless constant (=1/R) and defined by the ratio of the horizontal runout distance L from the debris flow source to deposit and the vertical elevation H of the source above the deposit. The analysis of field data observed in total 238 debris flow events occurred from 2002 to 2011 reveals that the representative value of the net efficiency of debris flows in Korea is 4.3. The data observed in Gangwon province where is the most debris flow-prone area in Korea shows that debris flows in Inje area have the runout distance longer than those in Pyongchang and Gangneung. Overall features of the net efficiency of debris flows observed in the central Korea are similar to those in the southern Korea. The estimation based on aerial photographs and available depositional conditions appears to overestimate the net efficiency compared to estimation based on the field observations, which indicates that appropriate depositional conditions need to be developed for debris flows in Korea.

지난 10년이래 집중강우에 의해서 유발된 토석류가 우리나라에서 현저히 발생하고 있다. 그로 인해 산지유역에서 토석류는 가장 위험한 자연재해 중 하나가 되고 있다. 토석류 위험지도와 방재 기술을 개발하기 위해서 먼저 이해해야 하고 정확히 예측해야 하는 것 중 하나는 발생한 토석류의 이동거리이다. 단순하고 적용범위가 넓은 sled 모형에 근거해서, 이 연구에서는 현장조사를 통해 구한 토석류 자료를 이용하여 토석류의 수평이동거리(L)에 대한 토석류 시작점과 퇴적점의 표고차(H) 비로 정의되어 이동성을 나타내는 토석류의 순효율을 산정하였다. 2002년 이후 현재까지 확보된 국내 238개의 토석류 현장 자료를 분석한 결과 한국 토석류의 순효율 대푯값은 4.3인 것으로 나타났다. 가장 많은 토석류가 발생하는 강원지역의 경우 강릉과 평창지역보다는 인제지역의 토석류가 상대적으로 표고차에 비해 이동거리가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 국내 토석류를 중부지역과 남부지역으로 나눠 분석한 결과 두 지역 모두 토석류의 전반적인 순효율 분포는 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 가용한 토석류 퇴적조건 적용과 항공사진 분석을 통해 산정하는 방법은 토석류의 순효율을 과대 산정하는 것으로 나타났다. 이 방법을 적용하기 위해서는 우리나라 토석류에 적합한 퇴적조건을 도출하는 연구가 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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