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A Study on the Fire Spread through Curtain Wall System with Fire Simulations (FDS)

화재 시뮬레이션(FDS)을 이용한 커튼월 구조의 화재 확산에 관한 연구

  • Song, Young-Joo (Dept. of Fire Administration, Dongshin Univ.) ;
  • Gu, Seon-Hwan (Graduate School of Fire Department, Dongshin Univ.) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Jin (Graduate School of Fire Department, Dongshin Univ.) ;
  • Park, Deuk-Jin (Graduate School of Architectural Engineering Department, Chonnam National Univ.) ;
  • Park, Jeong-Min (Dept. of Fire Administration, Dongshin Univ.)
  • 송영주 (동신대학교 소방행정학과) ;
  • 구선환 (동신대학교 대학원 소방학과) ;
  • 김현진 (동신대학교 대학원 소방학과) ;
  • 박득진 (전남대학교 대학원 건축공학과) ;
  • 박정민 (동신대학교 소방행정학과)
  • Received : 2012.08.14
  • Accepted : 2012.12.07
  • Published : 2012.12.31

Abstract

In this study, the fire risk of the curtain wall structure was compared with a general structure among the double envelope structure using a fire simulation program. To this end, a fire-story building curtain wall was modeled as virtual using the PyroSim based on a fire simulation program (FDS). And then, the fires occurred in the model, divided by curtain wall non-applied model and applied model, in the same structure and place. To identify the fire characteristics, smoke behavior characteristics, viewing distance, and volume fractions of CO and $CO_2$ were comparative analyzed. As a result, it was identified that the curtain wall applied model quickly filled with smoke from the top floor to under the floor compared to the curtain wall non-applied model. From this study, the fire risk of curtain wall structure was evaluated in detail using the fire simulations.

본 논문에서는 화재 시뮬레이션 프로그램을 이용하여 이중외피 구조 중 커튼월 구조의 화재 시 위험성을 일반적인 구조와 비교하여 보았다. 이를 위해 화재 시뮬레이션 프로그램(FDS)을 기반으로 한 PyroSim을 이용하여 가상의 5층 건축물로 모델링을 한 후 커튼월 구조를 적용하지 않은 모델과 커튼월 구조를 적용한 모델로 나누어 동일한 제반조건과 장소에서 화재가 발생 하도록 하였으며, 화재 특성을 확인하기 위해 연기거동, 가시거리, CO, $CO_2$의 농도를 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과, 커튼월 구조가 적용 되지 않은 경우보다 커튼월 구조가 적용된 경우 연기가 최상층에서부터 빠르게 채워져 밑의 층으로 점점 내려가는 현상을 확인 할 수 있었으며, 화재 시뮬레이션을 통해 화재 시 커튼월 구조의 위험성을 검증 하였다.

Keywords

References

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