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Effects of Pot Raising Seedling in Extremely Late Seasonal Cultivation for the Increase of Rice Production

기후변화 대응 벼 극만기 재배에서 벼 생산성 향상을 위한 폿트육묘 재배 효과

  • Ku, Bon-Il (Rice and Winter Cereal Crops Department of NICS, RDA) ;
  • Choi, Min-Kyu (Rice and Winter Cereal Crops Department of NICS, RDA) ;
  • Kang, Shin-Ku (Rice and Winter Cereal Crops Department of NICS, RDA) ;
  • Park, Tae-Seon (Rice and Winter Cereal Crops Department of NICS, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Young-Doo (Rice and Winter Cereal Crops Department of NICS, RDA) ;
  • Park, Hong-Kyu (Rice and Winter Cereal Crops Department of NICS, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Bo-Kyong (Rice and Winter Cereal Crops Department of NICS, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Byun-Woo (Crop science & Biotech., CALS, Seoul National Univ.)
  • 구본일 (국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 최민규 (국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 강신구 (국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 박태선 (국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 김영두 (국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 박홍규 (국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 김보경 (국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 이변우 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 식물생산과학부)
  • Received : 2012.10.05
  • Accepted : 2012.12.20
  • Published : 2012.12.31

Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate the productivity of rice cultivation in extremely late season in Korea and to confirm the effects of pot-raising seedling culture in this case by assessing the growth and yield performance of rice cultivars that are well adapted to late culture. Suitable cultivars for extremely late culture should not have premature heading habit when transplanted around late July and also secure appropriate growth duration before heading. Geumobyeo 1 and Manjongbyeo showed small decrease in the emerged leaves in transplanting in late July or early August and heading occurred at the same time relatively without premature heading. At transplanting from late July to early August in extremely late rice cultivation, ripening was relatively good until transplanting on August 5. At transplanting on July 30, accumulated temperature from heading to the first frost was $853^{\circ}C$ and ripening was good enough. However, heading was delayed by low temperature at transplanting on August 10 and ripening was very poor due to low accumulated temperature of below $800^{\circ}C$, causing drastic decrease of rice yield. The rice yield increased in transplanting with pot seedling, especially the effects of pot seedling was higher in Geumobyeo 1, but panicle number was not enough to secure rice yield owing to short growth duration. In order to cultivate rice in extremely late season, we should select adaptive rice cultivars that have suitable growth duration and excellent ripening in low temperature. Here, pot-seedling did a great role to secure early growth and bigger growth amounts.

극만기 벼 재배시 적응 품종을 선택할 때 7월 30일 전후의 이앙시기에서 불시출수 현상을 보이지 않으면서 적당한 출엽수를 확보하는 품종 특성을 구비해야 하는데 금오벼1호나 만종벼는 후기작 이앙시기에서도 출엽수 감소가 적고 규칙적인 출엽 양상을 보여 극만기 벼 재배시기에 안정적인 재배가 가능하였다. 관행 벼육묘상자 육묘에 비해 포트육묘로 벼의 생육단계를 진전시켜 이앙하면 후기작에서 출수기까지 1~3일의 생육기간이 단축되었다. 벼 폿트육묘상자를 이용했을 때와 좀더 공간이 큰 폿트육묘 상자를 이용하여 초기 벼 생육을 높여도 출수기 단축효과는 2일 이내로 크지 않았다. 따라서 벼 육묘상자와 폿트육묘의 출수기 단축효과는 초기 생육단계의 차이보다 이앙후 뿌리가 잘리지 않아 생기는 빠른 활착효과 때문으로 추정된다. $800^{\circ}C$ 이상의 등숙온도가 확보되는 출수시기는 익산은 9월 12일이었다. 폿트육묘를 할 경우 출수기가 1~3일 빨라지기 때문에 출수 후 50일간 평균온도가 조금 높아지는 결과를 얻었는데, 7월 26일 이앙에서는 $20^{\circ}C$에 근접한 온도가 유지되었고, 7월 31일에는 $19^{\circ}C$전후, 8월 5일에는 $17.5{\sim}18.0^{\circ}C$로 5일간 이앙시기가 지연됨에 따라서 등숙기 평균온도는 $1^{\circ}C$ 정도씩 저하되었다. 극만기 벼 재배에서 폿트육묘후 이앙한 경우 수량이 증대하였다. 폿트육묘하여 이앙하는 경우는 각 주별 식물체가 1~3개로 육묘상자로 육묘한 경우보다 적어 짧은 생육기간에 적정 수수를 확보하기 어려웠다. 따라서 폿트육묘로 후기작 재배시에는 재식밀도를 높여야 수량 증대 효과를 크게 얻을 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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