Ocean and Polar Research

Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (한국해양과학기술원)
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Change of Temperature using the Twentieth Century Reanalysis Data (20CR) on Antarctica

20세기 재분석 자료(20CR)를 이용한 남극대륙의 기온 변화

  • Zo, Il-Sung (Department of Atmospheric & Environmental Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Jee, Joon-Bum (Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Research) ;
  • Lee, Kyu-Tae (Department of Atmospheric & Environmental Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Chae, Na-My (Korea Polar Research Institute, KORDI) ;
  • Yoon, Young-Jun (Korea Polar Research Institute, KORDI)
  • 조일성 (강릉원주대학교 자연과학대학 대기환경과학과) ;
  • 지준범 (국립기상연구소 응용기상연구과) ;
  • 이규태 (강릉원주대학교 자연과학대학 대기환경과학과) ;
  • 채남이 (한국해양연구원 부설 극지연구소) ;
  • 윤영준 (한국해양연구원 부설 극지연구소)
  • Received : 2011.09.28
  • Accepted : 2011.12.20
  • Published : 2012.03.30
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Abstract

Antarctica is very sensitive to climate change but the number of stations is not sufficient to accurately analyze climate change in this regoin. Model reanalysis data supplements the lack of observation and can be used as long term data to verify climate change. In this study, the 20CR (Twentieth Century Reanalysis) Project data from NCEP/NCAR and monthly mean data (temperature, solar radiation and longwave radiation) from 1871 to 2008, was used to analyze the temperature trend and change in radiation. The 20CR data was used to validate the observation data from Antarctica since 1950 and the correlation coefficients between these data were determined to be over 0.95 at all stations. The temperature increased by approximately $0.23^{\circ}C$/decade during the study period and over $0.20^{\circ}C$/decade over all of the months. This increasing trend was observed throughout the Antarctica and a slight increase was observed in the Antarctic Peninsula. In addition, solar radiation (surface) and longwave radiation (surface and top of atmosphere) trends correlated with the increase in temperature. As a result, outgoing longwave radiation at the surface is attenuated by atmospheric water vapor or clouds and radiation at the top of the atmosphere was reduced. In addition, the absorbed energy in the atmosphere increases the temperature of the atmosphere and surface, and then the heated surface emits more longwave radiation. Eventually these processes are repeated in a positive feedback loop, which results in a continuous rise in temperature.

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References

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