Journal of agricultural medicine and community health (농촌의학ㆍ지역보건)

Korean Society for Rural Medicine and Community Health (한국농촌의학지역보건학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Nutritional Risk, Perceived Health Status, and Depression of the Young-Old and the Old-Old in Low-Income Elderly Women

저소득층 전기여성노인과 후기여성노인의 영양위험, 지각된 건강상태와 우울

  • 이명숙 (목포가톨릭대학교 간호학과)
  • Received : 2011.11.22
  • Accepted : 2012.02.24
  • Published : 2012.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the nutritional risk, health status and depression levels of young-old (65-74 years) and old-old (75-84 years) women on low-income. Methods: A total of 624 elderly women, each over 65 years of age, participated in this study under the auspices of a community social center. Data were collected from June to August 2011 by means of personal interviews which employed questionnaires. The research tools used in this study were the nutritional risk measuring Mini Nutritional Assesment (MNA) by Kim (2000), perceived health status developed by Lawton et al. (1982), Elderly Depression Criterion developed by Sheikh & Yesavage (1985). The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 12.0 Program. Results: Nutritional risk, perceived health status and depression levels showed a significant difference between young-old and old-old. There was a positive correlation between nutritional risk and depression and a negative correlation between nutritional risk and perceived health status. A 38.2% variance in depression levels of young-old and a 29.7% variance in depression levels of old-old were explained by perceived health status, nutritional risk and the number of people living together. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate variances in depression levels among low - income women differing in age. As a result, the outcomes of this study ought to be employed in the development of future programs aimed at promoting the health of elderly women.

본 연구는 일 지역 저소득층 여성노인을 연령별(전기노인, 후기노인)로 구분하여 노인 건강상태의 중요한 결정자인 영양위험, 지각된 건강상태, 우울정도와 영양위험, 지각된 건강상태, 우울과의 관련성 및 우울의 영향요인을 확인하여 연령별 특성을 고려한 간호중재 전략수립의 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행되었다. 자료 수집기간은 2011년 6월 23일부터 8월 20일까지였으며, 연구대상자는 전라남도 1개중도시에 거주하고 있는 65세 이상 저소득층 여성노인으로서 전기여성노인 314명, 후기여성노인 310명 총 624명을 대상으로 하였다. 직접 여성노인의 가정을 방문하여 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 조사하였다. 영양위험도는 Kim(2000)의 17문항 Mini Nutritional Assesment (MNA)척도를, 지각된 건강상태는 Lawton, Moss, Fulcomer와 Kleban(1982)의 3문항 Health self-rating 척도를, 우울은 Sheikh와 Yesavage(1985)의 15문항 단축형 노인우울 척도를 사용하였다. 대상자의 평균 연령은 전기여성노인 70.06세, 후기여성노인 79.85세였으며, 두 집단 간 일반적 특성에 따른 유의한 빈도차이를 보인 항목은 교육수준, 동거가족 수, 만성 질환수, 음주여부였다. 저소득층 전기여성노인과 후기여성노인은 영양위험도, 지각된 건강상태와 우울에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 후기여성노인이 전기여성노인보다 영양 위험도와 우울점수가 높았고, 지각된 건강상태는 전기여성노인이 후기여성노인보다 더 높았다. 여성노인의 영양위험, 지각된 건강상태, 우울은 전기여성노인과 후기여성노인 모두에서 우울위험군에 속한 여성노인이 정상 군에 속한 여성노인 보다 영양위험 군에 속하는 비율이 높았다. 영양위험도가 높을수록 우울정도가 높았으며, 건강상태를 나쁘게 지각할수록 영양위험 점수와 우울정도가 높았다. 전기여성노인과 후기여성노인의 우울 영향요인은 지각된 건강상태, 영양위험도, 동거가족 수였다. 그 중 지각된 건강상태가 가장 높은 설명력을 가졌으며, 전기여성노인에서 후기 여성노인보다 더 영향력이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 저소득층 여성노인들의 우울은 지각된 건강상태를 증진시키고 영양위험도를 낮춤으로서 효과적으로 경감될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나, 저소득층 여성노인들을 연령별 두 그룹으로 분류했을 때 영양위험도, 지각된 건강 상태, 우울정도와 우울 영향요인이 다르게 나타났으므로 노인건강 관리자는 저소득층 여성노인의 우울 영향요인들을 우울예방 프로그램에 포함시킬 때 연령별 영향요인을 고려하여 효과적인 우울예방 및 치료에 적극 이용할 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Lee TW, Ko IS, Lee KJ, Kang KH. Health Status, Health perception and health promotion behaviors of low-income community dwelling elderly. J Korean Acad Nurs 2005;35(2): 252-261 (Korean) https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2005.35.2.252
  2. Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs. Statistical yearbook of health and welfare 2007. Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs, 2008
  3. Shin KR, Kim JS, Sung MS. Factors influencing health promoting behavior of the low-income elderly women in urban. J Korean Acad of Adult Nurs 2007;19(5): 819-828 (Korean)
  4. An JY, Tak YR. Depressive symptoms and related risk factors in old and oldest-old elderly people with arthritis. J Korean Acad Nurs 2010;39(1):72-83 (Korean) https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.1.72
  5. Sung KW, Kim MH. Self-care behaviors and depressive symptoms of low-income elderly women with hypertension. J Korean Acad Nurs 2008;38(4):593-602 (Korean) https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2008.38.4.593
  6. Korea National Statistical Office. Statistics in elderly 2010, [cited 2011 October 19]. Available from URL http://kosis.kr/common/meta_onedepth.jsp?vwcd=MT_CTITLE&listid=MT_CTITLE_A
  7. Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. National survey for the nutrition in 2007, [cited 2010 April 7], Available from URL http://www.mw.go.kr/front/mw_sch/index. jsp?coll=ALL&query=2010%B3%E2+%B1% B9%B9%CE%B0%C7%B0%AD%BF%B5%BE %E7%C1%B6%BB%E7
  8. Brownie S. Why are elderly individuals at risk of nutritional deficiency? Int J Nursing Practice 2006;12:110-118 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2006.00557.x
  9. Choi YJ, Park YS, Kim C, Chang YK. Evaluation of functional ability and nutritional risk according to self-rated health (SRH) of the elderly in Seoul and Kyunggi-do. Korean Nutr Soc 2004;37:223-235 (Korean)
  10. Furman EF. Undernutrition in older adults across the continuum of care: nutritional assessment, barriers, and interventions. J Gerontol Nurs 2006;32(1):22-27 https://doi.org/10.3928/0098-9134-20060101-11
  11. Jung YM. Kim JH. Comparison of cognitive levels, nutritional status, depression in the elderly according to living situations. J Korean Acad Nurs 2004;34(3):495-503 (Korean) https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.3.495
  12. Park, JK, Son SM. Anthropometric and biochemical indicators and related factors for the community dwelling elderly living alone. Korean J Community Nutr 2003;8(5): 716-725 (Korean)
  13. Minardi HA, Blanchard M. Older people with depression: pilot study.JAN 2004;46(1): 23-32 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2003.02962.x
  14. Kornstein SG, Schatzberg AF, Thase ME, Yonkers KA, McCullough JP, Keitner GI, et al. Gender differences in chronic major and double depression. J Affect Disord 2000;60:1-11 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0327(99)00158-5
  15. Park YH, Suh EE. The risk of malnutrition, depression, and the perceived health status of older adults. J Korean Acad Nurs 2008;37(6):941-948 (Korean)
  16. Lee MS. Factors influencing health care needs of solitude elderly. J Korean Acad Nurs 2003;33(6):812-819 (Korean) https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.6.812
  17. Lee MS, Lim HJ. Factors related to health promoting behaviors of young-old and old-old elderly in rural areas. J Agr Med & Community Health 2010;35(4):370-382 (Korean) https://doi.org/10.5393/JAMCH.2010.35.4.370
  18. Choi YH. A Study on depression, sleep and fatigue in younger and older elders. J Korean Acad of Commu Health Nurs 2007;18(2):223-231 (Korean)
  19. Burns N, Grove SK. The practice of nursing research conduct, critique and utilization. Philadelphia, Saunders Company, 1987
  20. Kim, KN, Hyun TS, Lee JW. Development of a simple screening test for identifying Korean elderly at risk of undernutrition. Korean J Community nutrition;2000;5(3): 475-483 (Korean)
  21. Lawton MP, Moss M, Fulcomer M, Kleban MH. A research and service oriental multilevel assessment instrument. J Gerontol 1982;37(1):91-99 https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/37.1.91
  22. Sheikh, JI, Yesavage JA. A knowledge assessment test for geriatric psychiatry. Hosp Community Psychiatry 1985;36(11): 1160-1166
  23. Kee BS. A preliminary study for the standardization of geriatric depression scale short form-Korea version. J of Korean Neuropsychiat Asso 1996;35:298-307 (Korean)
  24. Han YR, Song MS, Lim JY. The effects of a cognitive enhancement group training program for community-dwelling elders. J Korean Acad Nurs 2010;40(5):724-735 (Korean) https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.5.724
  25. Yim KS, Lee TY. Sociodemographic factors associated with nutrients intake of elderly in Korea. Korean J Nutrition 2004;37(3): 210-222 (Korean)
  26. Kim YY, Lee HO, Chang R, Choue R. A study on the food habits, nutrient intake and the disease distribution in the elderly (aged over 65 years). Korean J Community Nutrition 2002;7(4):516-526 (Korean)
  27. Neno R, Neno M. Promoting a healthy diet for older people in the community. Nurs Stand 2006;20(29):59-65
  28. Kim CK.. The Relationship of family support, health perception, nutritional status and depression in elders. J Korean Gerontol Nurs 2007;9(1):14-21 (Korean)
  29. Weyerer S, Eifflaender-Gorfer S, Kohler L, Jeesen F, Maier W, Fuchs A. et al. Prevalence and risk factors for depression in non-demented primary care attenders aged 75 years and older. J Affec Disord 2008;111:153-163 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2008.02.008
  30. Bonin-Guillaume S, Hasbroucq T, Blin O. Psychomotor retardation associated to depression differs from that of normal aging. Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil 2008;6:137-144
  31. Niti M, Ng TP, Kua EH, Ho RC, Tan CH. Depression and chronic medical illnesses in Asian older adults: The role of subjective health and functional status. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2007;22(11):1087-1094 https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.1789

Cited by

  1. Factors Affecting Suicidal Ideation in Elderly Attending Community Senior Centers vol.38, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5393/JAMCH.2013.38.2.071
  2. General Characteristics, Self-Efficacy, and Diet Control of Hypertension Patients at a Diabetes Admission Control Center in the Jeollanma-do Area vol.26, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7856/kjcls.2015.26.4.731
  3. Depression Symptom, Anthropometric Assessment, and Nutrient Intake of Elderly Females Who Eat Congregate Meals at Lunch in Rural Area vol.28, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2015.28.4.517
  4. A Comparative Study of Taste Preference, Food Consumption Frequency, and Nutrition Intake between the Elderly in Their 80's Living in Long Life Regions in Jeollanam-do and a Part of Seoul vol.29, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2016.29.1.115
  5. Effectiveness of Telemedicine: Videoconferencing for Low-Income Elderly with Hypertension vol.20, pp.12, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2014.0031
  6. Nutritional Risk, Stress, and Health related Quality of Life among Older Women with a Foreign Daughter-in-Law vol.29, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5932/JKPHN.2015.29.2.312
  7. Body Mass Index (BMI)-Related Factors of Community-Dwelling Elders: Comparison between Early and Late Elderly People vol.24, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2013.24.1.62
  8. Subjective health status and relative factors of old-old elderly of more than 75-year-old -Based on 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey- vol.15, pp.7, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2014.15.7.4279
  9. Assessment of Basic Physical Activity for Elderly Women in Long-Term Care Facilities vol.14, pp.7, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2014.14.07.346