Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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The Effects of Germination Conditions on GABA and the Nutritional Components of Barley

발아조건에 따른 보리의 GABA 함량 및 영양성분 변화

  • Cha, Mi-Na (Department of Food Science & Technology, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Jun, Hyun-Il (Department of Food Science & Technology, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Song, Geun-Seoup (Department of Food Science & Technology, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Young-Soo (Department of Food Science & Technology, Chonbuk National University)
  • Received : 2011.09.09
  • Accepted : 2011.12.08
  • Published : 2012.02.29
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Abstract

Steeping and germination conditions were investigated in order to produce barley containing a high ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content, and the changes in GABA and nutritional components before and after germination were also evaluated in this study. Water absorption rates of three barleys increased alongside both steeping time and steeping temperature. The highest GABA contents of the three barleys, 10.4-14.1 mg/100 g, were obtained from the steeping condition of $25^{\circ}C$ for 24 hr. The GABA contents of germinated barleys ranged from 14.3 to 20.9 mg/100 g, increasing by 3.9 to 14.6 times compared with raw barley. The crude lipid, crude ash and total mineral contents were slightly decreased after germination. The major fatty acids of the three barleys before and after germination were linoleic and palmitic acids. ${\beta}$-glucan contents of three barleys were slightly decreased after germination.

본 연구에서 보리의 GABA 함량을 높일 수 있는 제조조건(수침과 발아)을 확립하여 GABA 고함유 발아보리를 제조하고, 발아에 의한 영양성분의 변화를 분석하였다. 수분흡수량과 수침용액의 pH는 수침 초기 6시간까지 급격하게 변화하였고, 보리종류 및 수침온도에 따라 약간의 차이를 나타내었다. 보리 원맥의 GABA 함량은 쌀보리 4.1 mg/100 g, 겉보리 1.4 mg/100 g 및 찰보리 2.5 mg/100 g이었으며, $25^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 수침 후에 쌀보리 10.4 mg/100 g, 겉보리 14.1 mg/100 g 및 찰보리 10.9 mg/100 g으로 증가되었다. 한편, 발아보리의 GABA 함량은 쌀보리 15.8 mg/100 g (48시간, $25^{\circ}C$), 겉보리 20.9 mg/100 g(36시간, $15^{\circ}C$) 및 찰보리 14.3 mg/100 g(36시간, $5^{\circ}C$)으로 보리 품종에 따라 발아조건은 다르게 나타났다. 수침과 발아 후에 원맥보다 쌀보리는 3.9배, 겉보리는 14.6배 및 찰보리는 5.8배 GABA 함량이 증가하였다. 발아에 의한 보리의 영양성분 변화는 일반성분에서 원백보다 조지방, 조회분, 무기질 및 ${\beta}$-glucan 함량은 감소하였으며, 지방산 조성에서 원백보다 linoleic acid는 증가하고 oleic acid는 감소하였다. 한편, 보리의 주요 지방산은 linoleic acid와 palmitic acid이었고, ${\beta}$-glucan 함량은 발아에 의하여 쌀보리 0.84배, 겉보리 0.94배 및 찰보리 0.94배 감소하였다.

Keywords

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