Korean Journal of Plant Resources (한국자원식물학회지)

The Plant Resources Society of Korea (한국자원식물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Studies on Inhibition of Self-Incompatibility with Micronutrients in Apple

미량요소 첨가가 자가불화합성 억제에 미치는 영향

  • Chung, Il-Kyung (Department of Biotechnology, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Son, Tae-Kwon (IS Life Technology, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Kim, Min-Ji (Department of Biotechnology, Catholic University of Daegu)
  • 정일경 (대구가톨릭대학교 생명공학과) ;
  • 손태권 ((주)아이에스생명공학) ;
  • 김민지 (대구가톨릭대학교 생명공학과)
  • Received : 2010.10.26
  • Accepted : 2012.04.23
  • Published : 2012.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Self-incompatibility (SI) system is a genetic barrier that prevents self-fertilization and promotes cross-pollination among different S genotypes. In many of these species, SI is controlled by a single genetic locus known as S locus, which prevents the fertilization by pollen with same locus. S RNases are the products of the S-locus expressed in the stylar tissue of Fuji Apple with gametophytic self-incompatibility system. This study investigated the various types of chemicals in order to select more effective inhibitors and activators. The effect on the inhibition of S RNase of Fuji apples was investigated $in$ $vitro$. The result showed that the enzyme activity was reduced 24.3% by Iron(II) Sulfate, significantly. $In$ $vitro$ studies of pollen growth tube showed that pollen tube growth had a higher germination rate (90%) in 10% Sucrose than in 2% sucrose extension medium. Data on the fruit set of apples treated with inhibitor and activator. Double application of $A^+$(Apple Plus, ISTECH Co. Ltd.,)+Vitamin B6 had the highest central fruit set as 86.1%(Andong). One time application of $A^{++}$Vitamin B1 in Yeongju obtained the highest central fruit set (91.9%).

본 연구는 사과의 자가불화합성 현상에 효과적인 저해제와 활력제를 탐색하기 위해 여러 종류의 물질을 조사하였다. 후지 사과의 화주조직에서 분비되는 S RNase에 대한 저해효과를 조사하기 위해 $In$ $vitro$ 상에서 효소 저해제를 넣어 효소활성을 측정한 결과, Iron(II) Sulfate에서 현저하게 활성이 24.3% 감소되어 저해효과가 뛰어난 것으로 나타났다. $In$ $vitro$ 상에서 후지 사과의 화분관 신장 억제 효과를 분석한 결과, 후지 사과의 화분은 2% Sucrose 신장배지 보다 10% Sucrose 신장배지에서 약 90% 이상의 높은 발아율을 나타났다. 또한 저해제와 첨가제 처리에 의한 안동지역과 영주지역의 Field에서 후지 사과 착과율 조사 결과, 안동지역에서는 $A^+$+V6 2회 처리가 86.1%로 중심화착과율이 가장 높았으며, 영주지역에서는 $A^+$+V1 1회 처리가 91.9%로 중심화 착과율이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ai. Y., E. Kron and T.H. Kao. 1990. S-alleles are retained and expressed in a self-compatible cultivar of Petunia hybrida. Mol. Gen. Genet. 230:353-358.
  2. Anderson M.A., E.C. Cornish, S.L. Mau, E.G. Williams, R. Hogart, A. Atkinson, I. Bonig, B. Gergo, R. Simpson, P.J. Rocht, J.D. Haley, J.D. Penschow, H.D. Niall, G.W. Tregear, J.P. Coghlan and A.E. Clarke. 1986. Cloning of cDNA for a stylar glycoprotein associated with expression of self-incompatibility in Nicotiana alata. Nature 321:38-44. https://doi.org/10.1038/321038a0
  3. Anderson, M.A., G.I. McFadden, R. Bernatzky, A. Atkinson, T. Orpin, H. Dedman, G. Tregear, R. Fernley and A. E. Clarke. 1989. Sequence variability of three alleles of the self-incompatibility gene of Nicotian aalata. Plant Cell 17:483-491.
  4. Ariel, G., K. Kondo, C.B. Lee, C.N. Hancock, M. Sivaguru, S. Vazquez-Santana, S. Kim, T.E. Phillips, F. Cruz-Garcia and B. McClure. 2006. Compartmentalization of S-RNase and HT-B degradation in self-incompatible Nicotiana. Nature 439:805-810. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04491
  5. Blank, A. and T.A. McKeon. 1991. Three RNase in senscent and nonsesescent wheat leaves: characterization by activity staining in sodiun dodecyl sulfate polyacryamide gels. Plant Physiol. 97:1402-1408. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.97.4.1402
  6. Boris I. and J.R. Kohn. 2001. Evolutionary relationships among self-incompatibility RNases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 13167-13171. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.231386798
  7. Broothaerts, W.J., P. Vanvinckenroye, B. Decock, J. Van Damme and J.C. Vendrig. 1991. Petunia hybrida S-proteins: Ribonuclease activity and the role of their glycan side chains in selfincompatibility. Sex Plant Reprod. 4:258-266. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00200545
  8. Chung, I.K. 1997. Characterization of S glycoprotein Assoociated with Gametophytic self-incompatibility of Lycopersicon peruvianum. J. Korean Soc. Hort. Sci. 38(3):205-210 (in Korean).
  9. Chung, I.K. and D.I. Shin. 1997. Structure and evolution features of S-RNases of gametophytic self-incompatibility in solanaceous. Plant Korean J. Hort. Ind. Sci. 1:12-18 (in Korean).
  10. Chung, I.K., T. Ito, H. Tanaka, A. Ohta, H.G. Nam and M. Takagi. 1994. Molecular diversity of three-allele cDNAs associated with gametophytic self-incompatibility in Lycopersicon peruvianum. Plant Mol. Biol. 26:757-762. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00013760
  11. Chung, I.K., S.Y. Lee, T. Ito, H. Tanaka, H.G. Nam and M. Takagi. 1995. The 5＇Flanking sequences of two S alleles in Lycopersicon peruvianum are highly heterologous but contain short block of homologous sequences. Plant Cell Physiol. 36:1621-1627.
  12. Cornish, E.C., J.M. Petit, I. Bonig and A.E. Clarke. 1987. Developmentally controlled expression of a gene associated with self-incompatibility in Nocotiana alata. Nature 326: 99-102. https://doi.org/10.1038/326099a0
  13. Gray, J.E., B.A. McClure, I. Bnig, M.A. Anderson and A.E. Clarke. 1991. Action of the style product of the selfincompatibility gene of Nicotiana alata (S-RNase) in vitro grown pollen tubes. Plant Cell 3:271-283. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.3.3.271
  14. Kao T.H. and A.G. McCubbin. 1996. How flowering plant discriminate between self and non-self pollen to prevent inbreeding. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:12059-12065. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.22.12059
  15. Kao, T.H. and S. Huang. 1994. Gametophytic self-incompatibility: A mechanism for self/nonself discrimination during sexual reproduction. Plant Physiol. 105:461-466. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.105.2.461
  16. Kawata, Y., F. Sakiyama and H. Tamaoki. 1988. Amino-acid sequence of ribonuclease T2 from Aspergillus oryzae. Eur. J. Biochem. 176:683-697. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14331.x
  17. Keiichi, W. and B. Takahashi. 1989. Factors influencing pollen longevity, germinarion and tube growth in vitro Kiwifruit, Atinidia deliciosa cv. Matua. J. Japan Soc. Hort. Sci. 57:591-596. https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.57.591
  18. Kim, M.H., D.I. Shin, H.S. Park and I.K. Chung. 2001. In vitro function of S RNases in Lycopersicon peruvianum. Mol. Cells. 12:329-335 (in Korean).
  19. Kim, S.K., H.B. Lagerstedt and L.S. Daley. 1985. Germination responses of filbert pollen to pH, temperature, glucose, fructose, and sucrose. Hort Sci. 20:944-946.
  20. Lee, H.S, H. Shihshieh and Kao T.H. 1994. S proteins control rejection of incompatible pollen in Petunia inflata. Nature 367:560-563. https://doi.org/10.1038/367560a0
  21. Lewis, D. 1960. Genetic control of specificity and activity of the S-antigene in plants. Proc. R. Lond. Ser. B. 151:468- 477. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1960.0010
  22. Liang, P. and A.B. Pardee. 1992. Differential display of eukaryotic messenger RNA by means of the polymerase chain reaction. Science 257:967- 971. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1354393
  23. McClure, B.A., J.E. Gray, M.A. Anderson and A.E. Clarke. 1990. Self-incompatibility in Nicotiana alata involves degradation of pollen rRNA. Nature 347:757-760. https://doi.org/10.1038/347757a0
  24. McClure, B.A., V. Haring, P.R. Ebert, M.A. Anderson, R.J. Simpson, F. Sakiyama and A.E. Clarke. 1989. Style self-incompatibility gene products of Nicotiana alata are ribonucleases. Nature 342:955-957. https://doi.org/10.1038/342955a0
  25. Nathanael R.H., H. Yamane, R. Tao and F. Iezzoni. 2002. Self-compatibility and incompatibility in tetraploid sour cherry(Prunus cerasus L.). Sex Plant Report 15:39-46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00497-002-0136-6
  26. Newbigin, E.D., M.A. Anderson and A.E. Clarke. 1993. Gametophytic self-incompatibility system. Plant Cell 5: 1315-1324. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.5.10.1315
  27. Shivanna, K.R. and B.M. Johri. Viability and storage. 1985. The Angiosperm pollen. Wiley Eastern Ltd. pp. 84-162.
  28. Sims, T.L. 1993. Genetic regulation of self-incompatibility. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 12:129-167.
  29. Singh, A., Y. Ai and T.H. Kao. 1991. Characterization of ribonuclease activity of three S-allele associated proteins of Petunia inflata. Plant Physiol. 96:61-68. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.96.1.61
  30. Visser, T. 1995. Germination and storage of pollen. Meded. Landbouwhogesch. Wageningen 55:1-68.
  31. Xu, B., J. Mu, D.L. Nevins, P. Grun and T.H. Kao. 1990. Cloning and sequencing of cDNAs encoding two self-incompatibility associated proteins in Solanum chacoense. Mol. Gen. Genet. 224:341-346.