Journal of dental hygiene science (치위생과학회지)

The Korean Society of Dental Hygiene Science (한국치위생과학회)
권호 표지

Influence of Menstrual Cycle on Inflammatory Markers in Gingival Crevicular Fluid : Pilot Study

월경주기에 따른 치은열구액 내 염증지표의 변화: 예비 연구

  • Park, Hoo-Seob (Department of Preventive Medicine, The Graduate school, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Hwang, Soo-Jeong (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Medical Science, Konyang University) ;
  • Cho, Min-Jeong (Department of Public Health, The Graduate School of Public Health and Welfare, Konyang university) ;
  • Kim, Do-Kyoung (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Medical Science, Konyang University) ;
  • Yang, Seon-Youn (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Medical Science, Konyang University)
  • 박후섭 (충남대학교 대학원 의학과 예방의학교실) ;
  • 황수정 (건양대학교 의과학대학 치위생학과) ;
  • 조민정 (건양대학교 보건복지대학원 보건학과 치위생학전공) ;
  • 김도경 (건양대학교 의과학대학 치위생학과) ;
  • 양선연 (건양대학교 의과학대학 치위생학과)
  • Published : 2012.02.29
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Sex Hormones exert significant influence in body physiology throughout life. Some reports suggested increased sex hormone levels correlate with an increased prevalence of gingivitis. The objectives of this pilot study are to(1) address the link between menstrual cycle and MMP-9, MMP-8, IL-$1{\beta}$ of gingival crevicular fluid during 4 weeks and (2) discuss the major biomarker of periodontal status. 7 female and 3 male volunteer who didn't have smoking habit, medical and dental disease after informed consent, were seen twice a week for 4 weeks. GCF samples were collected and GCF levels of MMP-9, MMP-8, IL-$1{\beta}$ were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The GCF levels of MMP-9, MMP-8, IL-$1{\beta}$ had fluctuation according to menstrual cycle, but the changes of those were not significant by Friedman matched samples test. There is no difference between female and male subjects by Mann-Whitney U test. The correlation of MMP-8, MMP-9 and IL-$1{\beta}$ showed strong by Spearman correlation(0.644-0.945). This study confirms menstrual cycle doesn't influence the periodontium of healthy female subjects.

본 연구는 월경주기에 따른 치주조직의 변화에 관한 예비연구로, 건강한 치주조직을 가지고 있고 월경주기가 일정한 20대 여성 7명과 남성 3명을 대상으로 4주간 8회 추구조사를 하였다. 시진상 치주조직의 상태는 건강하므로 치은열구액 내 바이오마커의 변화를 기준 변수로 하여, 상악전치부 치은열구액 내 MMP-9과 MMP-8, IL-$1{\beta}$의 농도를 측정하여 비모수 검정방법으로 분석하였다. 그 결과, 1. 여성대상자에서 월경시기, 배란추정시기에 각 염증지표들이 상승하는 추세를 보였으나 변화정도는 유의하지 않았다. 2. 성별에 따른 각 염증지표들의 차이는 유의하지 않았으며, MMP-9, MMP-8의 농도는 차이가 없었으나 IL-$1{\beta}$의 농도가 남성에서 유의하게 높았다(p=0.03). 3. 검사시점별 각 염증지표들의 상관관계는 강하거나 상당한 강한 양적 선형관계를 나타내었고 배란추정 시기와 월경시기에 상관계수가 더 높게 나타났다. 4. MMP-8과 IL-$1{\beta}$의 관계는 모든 검사시점에서 유의하였으나 MMP-9의 경우, MMP-8과 IL-$1{\beta}$의 상관관계가 유의하지 않은 시점도 있었다. 따라서, 여성대상자도 월경주기에 따른 변화정도가 남성대상자와 유의한 차이가 없으므로 치주병 위험요인에 따른 치주조직 변화의 추구조사에 참여할 수 있는 근거가 마련되었다. 또한 검사지표 중에 MMP-8이 모든 시점에서 다른 지표와 유의하고 강한 상관관계를 나타내어 대표 바이오마커로 적합할 것으로 사료되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Loe H, Theilade E, Jensen B: Experimental gingivitis in Men. J Periodontol 36(2): 177-187, 1965.
  2. Lang NP, Kiel RA, Anderhalden K: Clinical and microbiological effects of subgingival restorations with overhanging or clinically perfect margins. J Clin Periodontol 10(6):563-578, 1983. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1983.tb01295.x
  3. Mascarenhas P et al.: Influence of sex hormones on the periodontium. J Clin Periodontol 30(8): 671-681, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051X.2003.00055.x
  4. 김동관 등: 인체생리학. 1판, 고문사, 서울, pp. 187-188, 2009.
  5. Amar S, Chung KM: Influence of hormonal variation on the periodontium in women. Periodontology 2000 6(10): 79-87, 1994.
  6. Reinhardt RA et al.: Influence of estrogen and ostpeopenia/osteoporosis on clinical periodontitis in postmenopausal women. J Periodontol 70(8): 823-828, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.1999.70.8.823
  7. Tilakaratne A et al.: Effects of hormonal contraceptives on the periodontium, in a population of rural Srilankan women. J Clin Periodontol 27(10): 753-757. 2000. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027010753.x
  8. Baser U et al.: Gingival inflammation and interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in gingival crevicular fluid during the menstrual cycle. J Periodontol 80(12): 1983-1990, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2009.090076
  9. 박후섭 등: 대전 양치교실사업 30개월 경과시점의 구강병 예방효과. 치위생과학회지 11(2): 91-97, 2011.
  10. 황수정 등: 흡연이 치은열구액 내 Matrix metalloproteinase-9에 미치는 영향. 치위생과학회지 11(4): 339-344, 2011.
  11. 황수정 등: Safety an modified experimental gingivitis study in effect evaluation of dentifrices. 대한구강보건학회지 34(2): 127-133, 2010.
  12. ElAttar TM et al.: Testosterone inhibits prostaglandin formation by human gingival connective tissue: relationship to 14Carachidonic acid metabolism. Prostaglandins Leukot Med 9(1): 25-34, 1982. https://doi.org/10.1016/0262-1746(82)90069-5
  13. Parkar M et al.: IL-6 expression by oral fibroblasts is regulated by androgen. Cytokine 10(8): 613-619, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1006/cyto.1998.0336
  14. Gornstein RA et al.: Androgen modulate interleukin-6 by gingival fibroblasts in vitro. J Periodontol 70(6): 604-609, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.1999.70.6.604
  15. Ferris GM: Alteration in female sex hormones: their effect on oral tissue and dental treatment. Compendiium 14(12): 1558-1570, 1993.
  16. Mealey BL, Morita AJ.: Hormonal influences: effects of diabetes mellitus and endogenous female sex steroid hormones on the periodontium. Periodontol 2000 32(1): 59-81, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0906-6713.2002.03206.x
  17. Muhlemann HR.: Gingivitis intermenstrualis. SSO Schweiz Montsschr Zahnheilkd 58(10): 865-885, 1948.
  18. Hugoson A.: Gingival inflammantion and female sex hormones: a clinical investigation of pregnant women and experimental studies in dogs. J Periodontol Res 5(1): 1-18, 1970. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1970.tb01831.x
  19. Hugoson A.: Gingivitis in pregnant women: a longitudinal clinical study. Odoltol Revy 22(1): 65-84, 1971.
  20. Lindhe J, Attstrom R.: Gingival exudation during the menstrual cycle. J Periodontol Res 2(3): 194-198, 1967. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1967.tb01889.x
  21. Tianen L, Asikainen S, Saxen L.: Puberty-associated gingivitis. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 20(2): 87-89, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1992.tb00683.x
  22. Becerik S et. al.: Effects of menstrual cycle on periodontal health and gingival crevicular fluid markers. J periodontol 81(5): 673-681, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2010.090590
  23. Sexton WM et al.: Salivary biomarkers of periodontal disease in response to treatment. J Clin Periodontol 38(5): 434-441, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.2011.01706.x
  24. Miller CS et al.: Current developments in salivary diagnostics. Biomar Med 4(1): 171-189, 2010. https://doi.org/10.2217/bmm.09.68
  25. Masada MP et al.: Measurement of interleukin-$1{\alpha}$ and -$1{\beta}$ in gingival crevicular fluid:implications for the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. J Periodontal Res 25(3): 156-163, 1990. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1990.tb01038.x