Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society (한국지반환경공학회 논문집)

Korean Geo-Environmental Society (한국지반환경공학회)
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Numerical Simulation for Behavior of Debris Flow according to the Variances of Slope Angle

비탈면 경사 변화에 따른 토석류 거동의 수치모의

  • 김성덕 (중앙대학교 토목공학과) ;
  • 윤일로 (경북대학교 건설방재학부) ;
  • 오세욱 (경북대학교 건설방재학부) ;
  • 이호진 (충북대학교 토목공학과) ;
  • 배우석 ((주)나노지오이엔씨 기술연구소)
  • Published : 2012.06.01
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to estimate the behavior and the mechanism of debris flow on the slope, which has specially various gradient plane. The numerical simulation was performed by using the Finite Differential Element method (FDM) based on the equation for the mass conservation and momentum conservation. The mechanism of flow type for debris flow is divided into three flow types which are stony debris flow, immature debris flow, and turbulent water flow, respectively. First, flow discharge, water flow depth, sediment volume concentration was investigated by variable input of flow discharge at the straight slope angle and two step inclined plane. As the input of flow discharge was decrease, flow discharge and water flow depth was increased, after the first coming debris flow only reached at the downstream. As the input of flow discharge was increased, the curve of flow discharge and flow depth was highly fluctuated. As the results of RMS ratio, the flow discharge and flow depth was lower two step slope angle than the straight slope angle. Second, the behavior of debris flow was investigated by the four cases of gradient degree at the downstream of slope angle. The band width of flow discharge and flow depth for $14^{\circ}$ between $16^{\circ}$ was higher than other gradient degree, and fluctuation curve was continuously high after 10 seconds.

본 연구의 목적은 다양한 경사를 가진 비탈면에서 토석류의 거동과 메카니즘을 평가하는 것이다. 수치모의는 질량보존 및 운동량 보존에 관한 방정식에 기초하여 유한차분법을 이용하여 수행되었다. 토석류 유동 메카니즘은 토석류, 소류집합유동, 소류이동 등의 3가지 형태로 나눌 수 있다. 우선 하류부에서 공급유량의 변화에 따른 직선 사면과 2단 경사 사면에 대한 유량, 유동심, 토사체적 농도를 조사하였다. 공급유량이 적을수록 토석류가 도달한 직후에만 유량과 유동심의 상승이 있었고, 이후 감소하는 경향을 나타내지만, 공급유량의 증가로 인해 유량과 유동심의 곡선이 불안정하면서 높게 나타났다. RMS비 비교 결과 2단 경사 비탈면이 직선 비탈면보다 유량과 유동심이 적게 나타난 것을 확인하였다. 둘째, 2단 경사 비탈면에서 하류부의 경사각도 변화에 따른 유량, 유동심, 토사체적 농도를 조사하였다. 하류부 경사각도 $14^{\circ}$와 $16^{\circ}$사이의 유량과 유동심 곡선의 밴드폭이 다른 각도 사이보다 크게 나타났으며, 10초 이후에는 높은 값의 파동이 지속된다는 것을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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