Korean Journal of Poultry Science (한국가금학회지)

The Korean Society of Poultry Science (한국가금학회)
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Seroprevalance of Newcastle Disease Virus in Wild Birds in Korea

국내 야생 조류에서의 뉴캣슬병 바이러스 항체분포율 조사

  • Choi, Kang-Seuk (Avian Disease Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency) ;
  • Jeon, Woo-Jin (Veterinary Epidemiology Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency) ;
  • Kye, Soo-Jeong (Avian Disease Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency) ;
  • Yoon, Soon-Seek (Veterinary Epidemiology Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency) ;
  • Jeong, Woo-Seog (Veterinary Epidemiology Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency) ;
  • Kim, Ji-Ye (Avian Disease Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency) ;
  • Kwon, Jun-Hun (Avian Disease Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency)
  • 최강석 (농림수산검역검사본부 조류질병과) ;
  • 전우진 (농림수산검역검사본부 역학조사과) ;
  • 계수정 (농림수산검역검사본부 조류질병과) ;
  • 윤순식 (농림수산검역검사본부 역학조사과) ;
  • 정우석 (농림수산검역검사본부 역학조사과) ;
  • 김지예 (농림수산검역검사본부 조류질병과) ;
  • 권준헌 (농림수산검역검사본부 조류질병과)
  • Received : 2012.02.24
  • Accepted : 2012.06.01
  • Published : 2012.06.30
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Abstract

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infects a variety of birds with a wide range of clinical signs from asymptomatic to severe. During a 10-month period in 2011, a total of 1,024 sera from wild birds including 42 species of birds in 8 orders were collected and the seroprevalence of NDV in wild birds was evaluated by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. Evidence of NDV infection was observed in 12.6% (129/1,024) of wild birds with a maximum prevalence reported in Mandarin duck (27.8%, 32/115) followed by Mallard duck (20.8%, 57/274), Spot-billed duck (11.9%, 36/303), Pintail (2.9%, 1/34), Black-tailed gull (2.9%, 1/34), White-fronted goose (1.8%, 1/56) and Common teal (1.4%, 1/69). None of the other 35 species of wild birds were antibody-positive for NDV. Mandarin duck, Mallard duck and Spot-billed duck showed high sero-prevalance of 12.2% to 42% during winter season (November to March). Our results indicate that Mandarin duck, Mallard duck and Spot-billed duck might be natural reservoirs for NDV in Korea and the prevalence of NDV infection in wild birds displayed a seasonal pattern with high prevalence of NDV in winter season (November to March).

본 연구는 국내에 서식하고 있는 야생 조류에서의 뉴캣슬 병바이러스(NDV) 감염 분포율을 조사하였다. 본 연구를 위하여 2011년 2월에서 11월에 걸쳐 포획한 8개 목 42종의 야생 조류 1,024수를 대상으로 NDV에 대한 혈청 검사를 혈구 응집 억제 반응법으로 실시하였다. 그 결과, 조사 대상 야생조류 중 12.6%(129/1,024)에서NDV 항체가 검출되었다. NDV 항체가 검출된 야생 조류는 기러기목의 6종(원앙, 청둥오리, 흰뺨검둥오리, 고방오리, 쇠기러기, 쇠오리)과 도요 목의 괭이갈매기였다. 이 중 원앙(27.8%, 32/115), 청둥오리(20.8%, 57/274), 흰뺨검둥오리(11.9%, 36/303)는 10% 이상 높은 항체양성률을 나타내었으며, 고방오리(2.9%, 1/34), 괭이갈매기(2.9%, 1/34), 쇠기러기(1.8%, 1/56), 쇠오리(1.4%, 1/69)는 3% 미만의 낮은 NDV 항체 양성률을 나타내었다. 그러나 나머지 6개목 35종의 야생 조류에서는 NDV 항체가 검출되지 않았다. 항체 양성률이 높은 원앙, 청둥오리, 흰뺨검둥오리를 대상으로 시기별 조사한 결과, 원앙의 경우 11월 25%(24/96), 2월 42%(8/19)의 항체 양성률을, 청둥오리의 경우 10월 33%(1/3), 11월 25%(26/104), 2월 21.1%(19/90), 3월 14.3%(11/77)의 항체 양성률을, 흰뺨검둥오리의 경우 10월 4.5%(2/44), 11월 12.2%(12/98), 2월 16.4%(9/55), 3월 12.3%(13/106)의 양성률을 보였다. 본 연구 결과는 국내에서 서식하는 원앙, 청둥오리, 흰뺨검둥오리 등 야생 오리류가 NDV의 주된 자연 숙주이며, NDV 감염은 10월과 11월 사이에 감염이 급증하기 시작하여 동절기 동안 순환 감염이 일어나는 계절적 특성을 보이는 있음을 나타낸다.

Keywords

References

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