Food Science and Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Preservation (한국식품저장유통학회)
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Isolation and Characterization of Acidophilic Yeasts Producing Urease from Korean Traditional $Nuruk$

전통 누룩으로부터 호산성 Urease 생산 효모의 분리 및 특성

  • Lee, Min-Na (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Park, Heui-Dong (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University)
  • 이민나 (경북대학교 식품공학부) ;
  • 박희동 (경북대학교 식품공학부)
  • Received : 2012.02.10
  • Accepted : 2012.04.13
  • Published : 2012.04.30
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Abstract

Two hundred and twenty three yeast strains were randomly isolated from Korean traditional $nuruk$. Among them, six urease producing yeast strains (designated JJA, JJB, JJ22, SHA, SHC and SH10) were selected on the Christensen urea agar plates. They showed the same pattern in the PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS I-5.8S-ITS II region digested with $Hae$III and $HinF$1 restriction endonucleases. Its DNA sequences showed 100% (strains SHA, SHC and SH10) and 99.8% (strains JJA, JJB and JJ22) identity with those of $Issatchenkia$ $orientalis$ type strain ATCC 24210. Phylogenetic analysis resulted in that all the strains were closely related to $I.$ $orientalis$. Two representative strains, JJ22 and SH10, showing the highest urease activities were selected for further characterization. Their morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics were also the same as $I.$ $orientalis$. Therefore, both the two strains were identified as $I.$ $orientalis$. They could grow at a wide range of temperature between $20-40^{\circ}C$ as well as pH between 2.0 and 10.0. However, a higher level urease activity were obtained at acidic pH than that at alkalic pH. The maximal level of urease activity was obtained at $30^{\circ}C$ (strain SH10) or $35^{\circ}C$ (strain JJ22) and in a liquid medium adjusted to the initial pH 5.0.

발암성 ethyl carbamate의 전구물질인 요소의 분해를 촉매하는 urease 생산 효모를 분리하고 그 특성을 조사하였다. 우리나라 전통 누룩으로부터 약 223주의 효모를 분리하고 이들 중 urease 활성이 있는 6 균주를 선별하였다. 분리된 6 균주는 ITS I-5.8S-ITS II 영역의 PCR-RFLP 분석 및 계통분석을 통하여 이 균주 모두가 $I.$ $orientalis$ ATCC 24210과 99.8% 이상의 염기서열 상동성을 나타내어 유전적으로 매우 가까운 근연관계에 있음을 확인하였다. 분리 효모 중 uresae 활성이 가장 강한 2 균주 JJ22와 SH10을 선정하여 형태학적, 생리학적 특성을 조사한 결과 $I.$ $orientalis$와 특성이 거의 유사하여 $I.$ $orientalis$로 동정하였다. 이 균주들은 온도 $20-40^{\circ}C$의 넓은 범위에서 생육이 양호하였으며 JJ22의 경우에는 $35^{\circ}C$, SH10의 경우에는 $30^{\circ}C$에서 urease 활성이 가장 높았다. pH의 영향을 조사한 결과 pH 2.0-6.0까지 넓은 범위의 산성 조건에서 생육이 매우 양호하여 호산성 효모로 생각된다. Urease 효소의 활성은 PH 5.0에서 최대치를 나타내었고 pH가 감소하거나 높아짐에 따라 활성이 감소하였다.

Keywords

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