Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology (한국결정성장학회지)

The Korea Association of Crystal Growth (한국결정성장학회)
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Characterization and deposition of Cu2ZnSnS4 film for thin solar cells via sol-gel method

Sol-gel법에 의한 박막태양전지용 Cu2ZnSnS4 박막의 증착과 특성

  • Kim, Gwan-Tae (Department of Inorganic Materials Engineering, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Hyun (Department of Inorganic Materials Engineering, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Park, Byung-Ok (Department of Inorganic Materials Engineering, Kyungpook National University)
  • 김관태 (경북대학교 무기재료공학과) ;
  • 이상현 (경북대학교 무기재료공학과) ;
  • 박병옥 (경북대학교 무기재료공학과)
  • Received : 2012.04.27
  • Accepted : 2012.06.15
  • Published : 2012.06.30
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Abstract

To achieve low-cost and high-efficiency of thin-film solar cells applications, the sol-gel method that can be coated on a large area substrate, obtain homogeneous thin films of high purity was used. We studied structural and optical characteristics versus annealing temperature of $Cu_2ZnSnS_4$ which has kesterite structure by substitution low-cost sulfur (S) instead of high-cost selenium (Se). By analyzing XRD patterns, main peak was observed at $2{\theta}=28.5^{\circ}$ when Zn/Sn ratio is 0.8/1.2. And when we observed kesterite structure which has orientation of (112) direction, the more annealing temperature increase the bigger strength of (112) direction is. $Cu_2ZnSnS_4$ thin film showed characteristics of kesterite structure at $550^{\circ}C$. And when we calculated lattice constant, a = 5.5047 and $c=11.014{\AA}$ as same JCPDS (Joint Committee on Powder Standards) data measured. We measured optical transmittance to analyze optical characteristics. Optical transmittance was lower than 65 % at visible ray (${\lambda}=380{\sim}770nm$).

박막 태양전지의 저가 고효율화를 실현하기 위해 넓은 면적의 기판 위에 코팅이 가능하며 진공의 유지가 필요가 없고 장치가 간단하며 고순도의 균질한 박막을 얻을 수 있고 박막의 조성을 쉽게 조절할 수 있는 Sol-Gel법을 이용하였다. Se보다 저가이며 독성이 없고 풍부한 원료인 S로 치환하여 사용하며 Zn/Sn비 값을 조절하고 kesterite 구조를 갖는 $Cu_2ZnSnS_4$의열처리 온도에 따른 박막의 구조적, 광학적 특성에 미치는 변수들의 영향을 알아보았다. XRD pattern을 관찰한 결과 Zn/Sn비가 0.8/1.2일 때 $2{\theta}=28.5^{\circ}$에서 주피크가 가장 강하게 나타났으며 (112) 방향의 배향성을 가진 kesterite 상임을 확인 할 수 있었다. 열처리 온도가 증가할수록 (112) 면의 강도가 커지며 $550^{\circ}C$에서 열처리를 한 $Cu_2ZnSnS_4$ 박막은 kesterite 구조의 화학량론적 $Cu_2ZnSnS_4$ 특징을 나타내고 본 실험의 샘플의 격자상수를 측정한 값이 a = 5.5047 and $c=11.014{\AA}$이며 JCPDS(Joint Committee on Powder Standards)에 보고된 데이터 a = 5.427 and $c=10.848{\AA}$과 거의 일치 하였다. 광학적 특성을 알아보기 위해 측정한 광투과율은 가시광선 영역(380~770 nm)에서 전체적으로 65 % 이하로 나타났다.

Keywords

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