DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Increased antioxidative effects of Seolitae Chungkukjang added with green tea powders

녹차 첨가 서리태 청국장의 항산화 증진 효과

  • Cho, Eun-Ju (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University) ;
  • Park, Hyun-Young (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Young (Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
  • 조은주 (부산대학교 식품영양학과 및 노인생활환경연구소) ;
  • 박현영 (부산대학교 식품영양학과 및 노인생활환경연구소) ;
  • 김현영 (경남과학기술대학교 식품과학부)
  • Received : 2012.01.25
  • Accepted : 2012.03.23
  • Published : 2012.03.31

Abstract

To increase antioxidative activity and minimize off-flavor of Chungkukjang, Seoliate as main ingredient and green tea as minor ingredient were selected. The protective efffect of green tea for Chungkukjang was evaluated under in vitro. Seolitae Chungkukjang added with green tea (SCG) was prepared on the basis of the protective effect of green tea from oxidative stress. Green tea showed the strong protective effect against nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion ($O_2{^-}$) radicals. The SCG perparation method was as follows. Seolitae was cleaned and washed, soaked in 1.5-fold water ($15^{\circ}C$) of Seolitae weight for 48 hr. Seolitae was steamed about 40 min by autoclave and then cooled about $40^{\circ}C$. Bacillus subtilis was inoculated and 5.0-fold green tea of weight was added, and then it was fermented for 60 hr at $40^{\circ}C$. According to the preparation method, Seolitae Chungkukjang (SC) and Seolitae Chungkukjang added with green tea 5.0% (SCG5.0) were prepared. Among the Chungkukjang groups SCG5.0 exerted more effective scavenging activity of NO than SC. In addition, SC added with green tea 5.0% showed high $O_2{^-}$ scavenging effect. These results suggest the antioxidative potential against free radical-induced oxidative damage of SCG.

Keywords

References

  1. Abe Y, Umemura S, Sugimoto K, Hirawa N, Kato Y, Yokoyama T, Iwai J, Ishii M. 1995. Effect of green tea rich in gammaaminobutyric acid on blood pressure of Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Am. J. Hypertens. 8: 74-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/0895-7061(94)00141-W
  2. Althaus JS, Oien TT, Fici GJ, Scherch HM, Sethy VH, von Voigtlander PF. 1994. Structure activity relationships of peroxynitrite scavengers an approach to nitric oxide neurotoxicity. Res. Commun. Chem. Patho. Pharmacol. 83: 243-254.
  3. Bokov A, Chaudhuri A, Richardson A. 2004. The role of oxidative damage and stress in aging. Mech. Ageing Dev. 125: 811-826. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mad.2004.07.009
  4. Cadenas E, Davies KJ. 2000. Mitochodrial free radical generation, oxidative stress, and aging. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 29: 222-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(00)00317-8
  5. Cavalca V, Cighetti G, Bamonti F, Loaldi A, Bortone L, Novembrino N, De Franceschi M, Belardinelli R, Guazzi MD. 2001. Oxidative stress and homocysteine in coronary artery disease. Clin. Chem. 47: 887-892.
  6. Choe JS, Kim JS, Yoo SM, Park HJ, Kim TY, Chang CM, Shin SY. 2004. Survey on preparation method and consumer response of Chungkukjang. Korea Soybean Digest. 13: 29-43.
  7. Coward L, Barnes S. 1993. Genistein, daidzein and their $\beta$-glycoside conjugates: Antitumor isoflavones in soybean foods from American and Asian diets. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1961-1967. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00035a027
  8. Ewing JF, Janero DR. 1995. Microplate superoxide dismutase assay employing a nonenzymatic superoxide generator. Anal. Biochem. 232: 243-248. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1995.0014
  9. Francis FJ. 1989. Food colorants anthocyanins. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 28: 273-314. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398909527503
  10. Fridovich I. 1978. The biology of oxygen radicals. Science 201: 875-880. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.210504
  11. Gibson GE, Huang HM. 2005. Oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol. Aging 26: 575-578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.07.017
  12. Haenen GRMM, Paquay JBG, Korthouwer REM, Bast A. 1997. Peroxynitrite scavenging by flavonoids. Biochem. Bophy. Res. Commun. 236: 591-593. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1997.7016
  13. Halliwell B. 1997. Hypothesis : What nitrates tyrosine? Is nitrotyrosine specific as a biomarker of peroxynitrite formation in vivo? FEBS Lett. 411: 157-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00469-9
  14. Hammerschmidt PA, Pratt DE. 1978. Phenolic antioxidants of dried soybeans. J. Food Sci. 43: 556-559. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1978.tb02353.x
  15. Hibasami H, Komiya T, Achiwa Y, Ohnishi K, Kojima T, Nakanishi K, Hara Y. 1998. Induction of apoptosis in human stomach cancer cells by green tea catechins. Oncol. Rep. 5: 527-529.
  16. Iwai K, Nakaya N, Kawasaki Y, Matsue H. 2002. Antioxidative functions of natto, a kind of fermented soybeans: Effect on LDL oxidation and lipid metabolism in cholesterol fed rats. Agric. Food Chem. 50: 3597-3601. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0117199
  17. Kim SH, Kwon TW, Lee YS, Choung MG, Moon GS. 2005. A major antioxidative components and comparison of antioxidative activities in black soybean. J. Korean Food Sci. Technol. 37: 73-77.
  18. Kim YS, Jung HJ, Park YS, Yu TS. 2003. Characteristics of flavor and functionality of Bacillus subtilis K-20 Chunggukjang. J. Korean Food Sci. Technol. 35: 475-478.
  19. Kodama M. 1988. Role of active oxygen species in carcinogenesis. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 33: 3136-3143.
  20. Liao S, Umekita Y, Guo J, Kokontis JM, Hiipakka RA. 1995. Growth inhibition and regression of human prostate and breast tumors in athymic mice by tea epigallocatechin gallate. Cancer Lett. 96: 239-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3835(95)03948-V
  21. Lin KT, Xue JY, Sun FF, Wong PYK. 1997. Reactive oxygen species participate in peroxynitrite induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. Biochem. Biophy. Res. Commun. 230: 115-119. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1996.5897
  22. Maliski T, Tah Z, Grinfeel DS., Patton S, Kaptruczak M, Tomboulian P. 1993. Diffusion of nitric oxide in the wall monitored in situ by porphyrinic microsensors. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 193: 1076-1082. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1993.1735
  23. Mazza G, Miniati E. 1993. Anthocyanins in fruits, vegetables and grains. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida. p 29-40.
  24. Okubo S, Sasaki T, Hara Y, Mori F, Shimamura T. 1998. Bactericidal and antitoxin activities of catechin on enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Kansenshogaku Zasshi 72: 211-217. https://doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.72.211
  25. Pannala AS, Rice-Evans CA, Halliwell B, Singh S. 1997. Inhibition of peroxynitrite-mediated tyrosine nitration by catechin polyphenols. Biochem. Biophy. Res. Commun. 232: 164-168. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1997.6254
  26. Park HY, Cho EJ. 2008. Radical scavenging effects and physicochemical properties of seolitae Chungkukjang added with green tea. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 37: 401-404. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2008.37.4.401
  27. Pratt DE. 1972. Water soluble antioxidant activity in soybean. J. Food Sci. 37: 322-323. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1972.tb05845.x
  28. Pratt DE, Bibrac PM. 1979. Source of antioxidant activity of soybean and soy products. J. Food Sci. 44: 1720-1722. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1979.tb09125.x
  29. Radi R, Beckman JS, Bush KM, Freeman BA. 1991. Peroxynitrite oxidation of sulfhydryls. J. Biol. Chem. 266: 4244-4250
  30. Sagesaka-Mitane Y, Sugiura T, Miwa Y, Yamaguchi K. 1996. Effect of tea leaf saponin on blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Yakugaku Zasshi 116: 388-395. https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi1947.116.5_388
  31. Shon MY, Kim MH, Park SK, Park JR, Sung NJ. 2002. Taste components and palatability of black bean Chungkugjang added with kiwi and radish. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 31: 39-44. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2002.31.1.039
  32. Sreejayan Rao MN. 1997. Nitric oxide scavenging by curcuminoids. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 49: 105-107. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1997.tb06761.x
  33. Suh JS, Lee SG, Ryu MK. 1982. Effect of Bacillus strains on the Chungkook-jang processing. J. Korean Food Sci. Technol. 14: 309-314.
  34. Sung NJ, Ji YA, Chung SY. 1984. Changes in nitrogenous compounds of soybean during chungkookjang koji fermentation. J. Korean Soc. Food Nutr. 13: 275-284.
  35. Yoo CK, Seo WS, Lee CS, Kang SM. 1998. Purification and characterization of fibrinolytic enzyme excreted by Bacillus subtilis K-54 isolated from Chung guk jang. J. Korean Appl. Microbiol. Bioeng. 26: 507-514.
  36. Youn KC, Kim DH, Kim JO, Park BJ, Yook HS, Cho JM, Byun MW. 2002. Quality characteristics of the Chungkookjang fermented by the mixed culture of Bacillus natto and B. licheniformis. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 31: 204-210. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2002.31.2.204
  37. Yukihiko H, Tadashi I. 1989. Antibacterial activities of tea polyphenols against foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi 36: 996-999. https://doi.org/10.3136/nskkk1962.36.12_996