Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Volatile Flavor Extracts from Cnidium officinale and Angelica gigas

천궁(Cnidium officinale) 및 당귀(Angelica gigas) 휘발성 향기추출물의 항염증효과

  • Choi, Sang-Won (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Kim, Eun-Ok (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Leem, Hyun-Hee (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Kyung (Dept. of Biomedical Science, Catholic University of Daegu)
  • 최상원 (대구가톨릭대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김은옥 (대구가톨릭대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 임현희 (대구가톨릭대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김진경 (대구가톨릭대학교 의생명과학과)
  • Received : 2012.04.09
  • Accepted : 2012.06.07
  • Published : 2012.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The effects of volatile flavor extracts of eight different herbal medicines, Juniperus rigida (JR), Saussurea lappa SL), Cnidium officinale (CO), Angelica gigas (AG), Eugenia caryophyllata (EC), Angelica tenuissima (AT), Mentha arvense (MA), and Artemisiae argyi (AA), were investigated on LPS-stimulated inflammation using Raw 264.7 cells. The volatile flavor extracts of CO and AG considerably inhibited LPS-stimulated NO, $PGE_2$, IL-6, and TNF-${\alpha}$ (except AG) production, as well as iNOS expression. Major volatile components of CO were identified as ligustilide and of ${\beta}$-eudesmol as AG by GC-MS analysis. Thus, these results suggest that the volatile extracts of CO and AG may be useful as potential therapeutic agents for inflammation-associated disorders.

본 연구는 생약의 휘발성 향기추출액을 이용한 염증치료용 기능성 신소재를 개발하기 위해 대식세포주인 Raw 264.7 세포를 이용한 모델시스템에서 천궁 및 당귀의 휘발성 향기추출물의 항염증 효과를 검정하였으며, 아울러 이들 향기추출물의 향기성분을 GC-MS 분석을 통해 확인하였다. 그 결과 8가지 생약(노간주, 목향, 천궁, 당귀, 정향, 고본, 박하, 애엽)의 향기추출물 중 천궁 및 당귀가 LPS 처리에 의한 NO의 생성을 가장 크게 억제하였으며 $PGE_2$의 생성도 현저히 억제시키는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 천궁 및 당귀의 향기 추출물은 NO의 생합성 효소인 iNOS 단백질의 발현 또한 농도의존적으로 감소시킴을 확인할 수 있었으며, 염증성 사이토카인인 IL-6의 생성 억제효과도 우수하였다. 천궁 및 당귀 향기추출물의 휘발성 향기성분을 GC-MS로 분석한 결과, 천궁은 eugenol, 3-butylphthalide, butylidene phthalide 및 ligustilide를 확인하였으며 이들 향기성분 중 ligustilide가 천궁의 주된 휘발성 향기성분임을 확인하였고, 당귀는 eugenol, ${\beta}$-maaliene, ${\beta}$-eudesmol 및 9-tetradecenoic acid를 확인하였으며 이들 향기성분 중 ${\beta}$-eudesmol이 당귀의 주된 향기성분임을 확인하였다. 이러한 연구결과로 미루어 볼 때 천궁 및 당귀의 휘발성 향기추출물이 대식세포에 의해 생성되는 염증반응의 매개물질인 NO, $PGE_2$, IL-6의 생성을 저해함으로써 항염증 활성을 가지는 것으로 생각되며, 이러한 항염증 활성은 천궁 및 당귀에 함유된 항염증성 향기성분인 ligustilide 및 ${\beta}$-eudesmol이 크게 기여했을 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 천궁 및 당귀의 휘발성 향기추출물은 천연 유래의 항염증 물질로서 잠재적인 가치가 있어 향후 염증질환 예방 및 치료용 기능성식품 및 화장품 소재로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Jew SS, Bae ON, Chung JH. 2003. Anti-inflammatory effects of asiaticoside on inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in RAW 264.7 cell line. J Toxicol Pub Health 19: 33-37.
  2. Ljung T, Lundberg S, Varsanyi M, Johansson C, Schmidt PT, Herulf M, Lundberg JO, Hellstrom PM. 2006. Rectal nitric oxide as biomaker in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: responders versus non-responders. World J Gastroenterol 12: 3386-3392. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v12.i21.3386
  3. Higuchi M, Higashi N, Taki H, Osawa T. 1990. Cytolytic mechanism of activated macrophages. tumor necrosis factor and L-arginine dependent mechanism acts as synergistically as the major cytolytic mechanism of activated macrophages. J Immunol 144: 1425-1431.
  4. Lee DE, Lee JR, Kim TW, Kwon YK, Byun SH, Shin SW, Suh SI, Kwon TK, Byun JS, Kim SC. 2005. Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-inducible nitric oxide synthase, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-1${\beta}$ and COX-2 expression by flower and whole plant of Lonicera japonica. Korean J Oriental Physiol Pathol 19: 481-489.
  5. Cheon YP, Mollah ML, Park CH, Hong JH, Lee GD, Song JC, Kim KS. 2009. Inhibition effects of water extract of Bulnesia sarmienti on inflammatory responce in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cell line. J Life Sci 19: 479-485. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2009.19.4.479
  6. Dogne JM, Hanson J, Supuran C, Pratico D. 2006. Coxibs and cardiovascular side-effects: from light to shadow. Curr Pharm Des 12: 917-975.
  7. Makins R, Ballinger A. 2003. Gastrointestinal side effects of drugs. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2: 421-429. https://doi.org/10.1517/14740338.2.4.421
  8. Lee SE, Lee JH, Kim JK, Kim GS, Kim YO, Soe JS, Choi JH, Lee ES, Noh HJ, Kim SY. 2011. Anti-inflammatory activity of medicinal plant extracts. Korean J Medicinal Crop Sci 19: 217-226. https://doi.org/10.7783/KJMCS.2011.19.4.217
  9. Kwon HS, Shin HK, Kwon SO, Yeo KM, Kim SM, Kim BN, Kim JK. 2009. Anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extract from red pepper on lipopolysaccharide induced inflammatory responses in murine macrophages. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 38: 1289-1294. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2009.38.10.1289
  10. Lee JH, Choi HS, Chung MS, Lee MS. 2002. Volatile flavor components and free radical scavenging activity of Cnidium officinale . Korean J Food Sci Technol 34: 330-338.
  11. Kim KW, Jeong HJ, Chung GY, Sohn HJ, Oh SM, Kim SY, Nam SH, Park JH, Shim YE. 2001. Comparison on the phthalides content of Cinidil rhizoma and Angelicae radix cultivated in Korea and China. Korean J Plant Res 14: 24- 31.
  12. Lee JG, Kwon YJ, Chang HJ, Kim OC, Park JY. 1994. Studies on the volatile compounds of Cnidium officinale. J Korean Soc Tobacco Sci 16: 20-25.
  13. Cho SK, Kwon OI, Kim CJ. 1996. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the extracts and fractions of Cnidii rhizoma. Kor J Pharmacogn 27: 282-287.
  14. Zhang L, Du JR, Wang J, Yu DK, Chen YS, He Y, Wang CY. 2009. Z-ligustilide extracted from Radix Angelica Sinensis decreased platelet aggregation induced by ADP ex vivo and arterio-venous shunt thrombosis in vivo in rats. Yakugaku Zasshi 129: 855-859. https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.129.855
  15. Choi SH, Kim HJ. 2000. Volatile flavor components of Angelica gigas Nakai by the storage conditions. Korean J Food Sci Technol 32: 513-518.
  16. Choi HS, Lee Kim MS, Sawamura M. 2002. Constituents of the essential oil of Cnidium officinale Makino, a Korean medicinal plant. Flavour Fragrance J 17: 49-53. https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1038
  17. Seo HY, Yang SH, Shim SL, No KM, Park KS, Song KD, Kim KS. 2007. Volatile organic compounds of Angelica gigas Nakai, Korean medicinal herb. Nat Prod Res 21: 265-273. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410601129598
  18. Kang SA, Han JA, Jang KH, Choue RW. 2004. DPPH radical scavenger activity and antioxidant effects of Cham- Dang-Gui (Angilica gigas). J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 33: 1112-1118. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2004.33.7.1112
  19. Park KW, Choi SR, Shon MY, Jeong IY, Kang KS, Lee ST, Shim KH, Seo KI. 2007. Cytotoxic effects of decursin from Angelica gigas Nakai in human cancer cells. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 36: 1385-1390. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2007.36.11.1385
  20. Shin S, Jeon JH, Park D, Jang JY, Joo SS, Hwang BY, Choe SY, Kim YB. 2009. Anti-inflammatory effects of and ethanol extract of Angelica gigas in a carrageenan-airpouch inflammation model. Exp Anim 58: 431-436. https://doi.org/10.1538/expanim.58.431
  21. Leem HH, Kim EO, Seo MJ, Choi SW. 2011. Anti-inflammatory effects of volatile flavor extract from herbal medicinal prescriptions including Cnidium officinale Makino and Angelica gigas Nakai. J Soc Cosmet Scientists Korea 37: 199-210.
  22. Schultz TH, Flath RA, Mon TR, Eggling SB, Teranishi R. 1977. Isolation of volatile components from a model system. J Agric Food Chem 25: 446-449. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60211a038
  23. Stehagen E, Abbrahansom S, Mclafferty FW. 1974. The Wiley/NBS Registry of Mass Spectral Data. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY, USA.
  24. Bredt DS, Snyder SH. 1994. Nitric oxide: a physiologic messenger molecule. Ann Rev Biochem 63: 175-195. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bi.63.070194.001135
  25. Green LC, Wagner DA, Glogowski J, Skipper PL, Wishnok JS, Tannenbaum SR. 1982. Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and [$^{15}N$]nitrate in biological fluids. Anal Biochem 126: 131-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(82)90118-X
  26. Higuchi M, Hisgahi N, Taki H, Osawa T. 1990. Cytolytic mechanisms of activated macrophages. Tumor necrosis factor and L-arginine-dependent mechanisms act synergistically as the major cytolytic mechanisms of activated macrophages. J Immunol 144: 1425-1431.
  27. Willeaume V, Kruys V, Mijatovic T, Huez G. 1996. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha production induced by viruses and by lipopolysaccharide in macrophages: similarities and differences. J Immunol 46: 1-12.
  28. Laflamme N, Rivest S. 2001. Toll-like receptor 4: The missing link of the cerebral innate immune response triggered by circulating gram-negative bacterial cell wall components. FASEB J 15: 155-163. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.00-0339com
  29. Leem HH, Kim EO, Seo MJ, Choi SW. 2011. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of eugenol and its derivatives from clove (Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb.). J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 10: 1361-1370. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.10.1361
  30. Kim EO, Min KJ, Kwon TK, Um BH, Moreau RA, Choi SW. 2012. Anti-inflammatory activity of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives isolated from corn bran in lipopolysaccharidestimulated Raw 264.7 macrophages. Food Chem Toxicol 50: 1309-1316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2012.02.011
  31. Tizard IR. 1986. Immunology: an introduction inflammation. 2nd ed. Saunders College Publishing, New York, NY, USA. p 423-441.
  32. Kuang X, Du JR, Chen YS, Wang J, Wang YN. 2009. Protective effect of Z-ligustilide against amyloid ${\beta}$-induced neurotoxicity is associated with decreased pro-inflammatory markers in rat brains. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 92: 635- 641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2009.03.007
  33. Wu YC, Hsieh CL. 2011. Pharmacological effects of Radix Angelica Sinensis (Danggui) on cerebral infarction. Chin Med 6: 32-36. https://doi.org/10.1186/1749-8546-6-32
  34. Liu L, Ning ZQ, Shan S, Zhang K, Deng T, Lu XP, Cheng YY. 2005. Phthalide lactones from Ligusticum chuanxiong inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-${\alpha}$ production and TNF-${\alpha}$-mediated NF-${\kappa}$B activation. Planta Med 71: 808- 813. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-871231
  35. Kuang X, Yao Y, Du JR, Liu YX, Wang CY, Qian ZM. 2006. Neuro-protective role of Z-ligustilide against forebrain ischemic injury in ICR mice. Brain Res 1102: 145-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2006.04.110
  36. Seo MJ, Kim SJ, Kang TH, Rim HK, Jeong HJ, Um JY, Hong SH, Kim HM. 2011. The regulatory mechanism of ${\beta}$-eudesmol is through the suppression of caspase-1 activation in mast cell-mediated inflammatory response. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 33: 178-185. https://doi.org/10.3109/08923973.2010.491082
  37. Britto AC, de Oliveira AC, Henriques RM, Cardoso GM, Bomfim DS, Carvalho AA, Moraes MO, Pessoa C, Pinheiro ML, Costa EV, Bezerra DP. 2012. In vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of the essential oil from the leaves of Guatteria friesiana. Planta Med 78: 409-414. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1298173

Cited by

  1. Emission Properties of Volatile Compounds from Medicine Herb Residues Board vol.44, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5658/WOOD.2016.44.3.430
  2. 천궁(川芎)의 정유 추출물이 3T3-L1 세포의 분화 및 지방 생성에 미치는 영향 vol.28, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.18325/jkmr.2018.28.3.13
  3. Effect of E-Beam Irradiation on Microbial Load, Stability of Active Components, and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Cnidii Rhizoma and Alismatis Rhizoma vol.22, pp.10, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2019.4429
  4. Separation and recovery of semi-volatile substances of Cnidii Rhizoma, Aucklandiae Radix and Amomum Fructus by reduced pressure collections and GC-MS vol.33, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5806/ast.2020.33.1.11