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Changes in Microbial and Physicochemical Properties of Single-Brewed Makgeolli by High Hydrostatic Pressure Treatment during Fermentation

단양주 방법으로 제조된 막걸리의 발효과정 중 초고압 처리에 의한 미생물적 및 이화학적 특성 변화

  • Ha, Su-Jeong (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University) ;
  • Yang, Seung-Kuk (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University) ;
  • In, Ye-Won (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University) ;
  • Kim, Yun-Ji (Division of Convergence Technology, Korea Food Research Institute) ;
  • Oh, Se-Wook (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University)
  • 하수정 (국민대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 양승국 (국민대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 인예원 (국민대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김윤지 (한국식품연구원 융합기술연구본부) ;
  • 오세욱 (국민대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2012.04.26
  • Accepted : 2012.07.19
  • Published : 2012.08.31

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine changes in the microbial and physicochemical properties of single-brewed Makgeolli in response to high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment during various fermentation stages. HHP was applied in 2-day intervals at 400 MPa for 5 min during fermentation at $25^{\circ}C$. As a result, lactic acid bacteria showed 5~6 log reduction and reappeared at approximately 3~6 log cfu/mL as fermentation proceeded. Yeast also showed 5~6 log reduction but did not reappear during later fermentation period. HPP treatment did not result in any alcohol production on day 0 and 2. However, HPP treatment altered the pH and titratable acidity by reducing the number of microorganism. Reducing sugar contents of the samples increased continuously to 8.99% in 0 day treated sample and 5.01% in 2 day treated sample, whereas untreated Makgeolli contained 1.53% reducing sugars on 6 day due to alcohol conversion by yeast. Based on these results, HPP treatment during various fermentation stages altered the physicochemical properties of Makgeolli by changing the microbial community.

본 연구는 초고압 처리가 발효 중인 막걸리의 이화학적 및 미생물적 특성에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 실시하였다. 초고압은 막걸리 숙성 0일째부터 2일 간격으로 총 6일까지의 시료에 대하여 400 MPa 압력으로 5분간 실시하였다. 그 결과, 초고압 처리로 젖산균은 5~6 log 수준으로 감소하였으며 이후 일정기간이 경과한 후에 다시 약 3~6 log cfu/mL 수준으로 출현하였다. 효모도 마찬가지로 5~6 log 수준으로 검출한계 이내로 감소하였지만 숙성완료 시점까지 다시 출현하지는 않았다. 초고압을 처리한 막걸리는 알코올 생성이 정지되는 것으로 나타났으며 특히 0일차와 2일차에 처리한 시료는 알코올이 거의 생성되지 않았다. 초고압 처리는 젖산균을 사멸시켜 pH와 적정산도에 영향을 미쳤다. 특히 2일차 초고압 처리 막걸리는 젖산균이 사멸되어 pH가 저하되지 않았으며 또한 적정산도도 낮게 나타났다. 환원당 함량의 경우 0일차 처리구는 효모에 의한 알코올 전환이 일어나지 않아 계속적으로 환원당이 증가하여 6일째 8.99%에 달하였으며 2일차 처리구는 효모가 살균되어 환원당이 알코올로 효율적으로 전환되지 못하여 5.01%를 나타내었다. 초고압을 처리하지 않은 처리구는 1.53%를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 발효과정 중 막걸리에 대한 초고압 처리는 발효 미생물의 변화를 유발하여 이화학적 특성 및 미생물적 특성에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었으며 최종적으로 막걸리 품질에도 영향을 미칠 수 있을 것이라고 생각되었다.

Keywords

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