Journal of Environmental Health Sciences (한국환경보건학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Health (한국환경보건학회)
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Factors Associated with the Concentrations of Urinary Creatinine in Korean Children and Adolescents

한국 어린이와 청소년의 요중 크레아티닌 농도와 영향요인에 대한 연구

  • Lee, Jin-Heon (Department of Environmental Education, Kongju National University) ;
  • Ahn, Ryeong-Mi (Department of Public Health Management, Dongduk Women University) ;
  • Kang, Hee-Sook (Department of Social Welfare, Kongju National University) ;
  • Choi, Suk-Nam (Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University) ;
  • Hong, Chun-Pyo (Department of Chemistry Education, Kongju National University) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Gyong (Department of Business Administration, Kongju National University)
  • 이진헌 (공주대학교 사범대학 환경교육과) ;
  • 안령미 (동덕여자대학교 자연대학 보건관리학과) ;
  • 강희숙 (공주대학교 인문사회대학 사회복지학과) ;
  • 최석남 (공주대학교 자연대학 화학과) ;
  • 홍춘표 (공주대학교 사범대학 화학교육과) ;
  • 김진경 (공주대학교 인문사회대학 경영학과)
  • Received : 2012.05.10
  • Accepted : 2012.07.05
  • Published : 2012.08.31
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Abstract

Creatinine-adjustment is an important process in the urinary monitoring of the environmental exposure of children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentrations of urinary creatinine and factors associated with them among Korean children and adolescents. We recruited 1,025 persons from 128 extracted schools. They were from three to 18 years old and supplied urine samples for measuring creatinine. The concentrations of urinary creatinine were 98.18 mg/dl (SD, 67.67) in arithmetic mean and 72.05 mg/dl (GSD 2.49) in geometric mean, were significantly higher among male children/adolescents than females in all age groups, and higher values appeared following increasing ages, heights and BMIs. The rates of the number who were below the lowest limit recommended by WHO (<30 mg/dl) were 25.57% among three to four year olds, 21.77% among five to six year olds, 20.0% among seven to eight year olds and 14.69% among nine to ten year olds, respectively. The rates of those above the highest limit (>300 mg/dl) were 0.0% among three to twelve year olds. The coefficient of determination R-square of the fitted regression model for urinary creatinine was 27.4% with general characteristic variables of sex, age, BMI and height. The significant variables among these were height (standardized beta = 0.372) and age (standardized beta = 0.129). Another coefficient of determination R-square was 15.3% with dietary habit variables of smoking, drinking, dining area, number of meals and snacks, and intake of milk food, cup-noodles, canned foods, popcorn, nachos, and hamburgers. In conclusion, the concentration of urinary creatinine was significantly lower in children than in adults, and was very significantly associated with the height of children. Therefore, children need the recommended concentrations for urinary creatinine, as distinguished from adults.

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