ETRI Journal

Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (한국전자통신연구원)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Synchronization for IR-UWB System Using a Switching Phase Detector-Based Impulse Phase-Locked Loop

  • Zheng, Lin (Key Lab. of Cognitive Radio & Information Processing, the Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Electronic Technology) ;
  • Liu, Zhenghong (Key Lab. of Cognitive Radio & Information Processing, the Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Electronic Technology) ;
  • Wang, Mei (Key Lab. of Cognitive Radio & Information Processing, the Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Electronic Technology)
  • Received : 2011.05.15
  • Accepted : 2011.08.24
  • Published : 2012.04.04
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Conventional synchronization algorithms for impulse radio require high-speed sampling and a precise local clock. Here, a phase-locked loop (PLL) scheme is introduced to acquire and track periodical impulses. The proposed impulse PLL (iPLL) is analyzed under an ideal Gaussian noise channel and multipath environment. The timing synchronization can be recovered directly from the locked frequency and phase. To make full use of the high harmonics of the received impulses efficiently in synchronization, the switching phase detector is applied in iPLL. It is capable of obtaining higher loop gain without a rise in timing errors. In different environments, simulations verify our analysis and show about one-tenth of the root mean square errors of conventional impulse synchronizations. The developed iPLL prototype applied in a high-speed ultra-wideband transceiver shows its feasibility, low complexity, and high precision.

Keywords

References

  1. M.Z. Win and R.A. Scholtz, "Characterization of Ultra-wide Bandwidth Wireless Communications Channels: A Communication Theoretic View," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 20, no. 12, Dec. 2002, pp. 1613-1627. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2002.805031
  2. D. Dardari et al., "Ranging with Ultrawide Bandwidth Signals in Multipath Environments," Proc. IEEE, vol. 97, no. 2, 2009, pp. 404-426. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2008.2008846
  3. K. Witrisal et al., "Noncoherent Ultra-wideband Systems," IEEE Signal Process. Mag., vol. 26, no. 4, July 2009, pp. 48-66.
  4. R. Miri, Zhou Lei, and P. Heydari, "Timing Synchronization in Impulse-radio UWB: Trends and Challenges," Proc. Joint 6th Int. IEEE Northeast Workshop Circuits Syst. TAISA Conf., June 2008, pp. 221-224.
  5. H.-C. Hsu and J.-H. Wen, "Timing Synchronization in Ultrawideband Systems with Delay Line Combination Receivers," IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 11, no. 3, Mar. 2007, pp. 264-266. https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2007.061765
  6. G. Ranjit and K. Peter, Ultra Wideband: Circuits, Transceivers, and Systems, Springer Science and Business Media, LLC, US, 2008.
  7. Z. Tian and G.B. Giannakis, "A GLRT Approach to Data-Aided Timing Acquisition in UWB Radios-Part I: Algorithms," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 4, no. 6, Nov. 2005, pp. 2956- 2967. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2005.858356
  8. L. Yang and G.B. Giannakis, "Timing Ultra-wideband Signals With Dirty Templates," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 53, no. 11, Nov. 2005, pp. 1952-1963. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2005.858663
  9. S.H. Wu and N.T. Zhang, "A Two-Step TOA Estimation Method for UWB Based Wireless Sensor Networks," J. Software, vol. 18, May 2007, pp. 1164-1172 (in Chinese). https://doi.org/10.1360/jos181164
  10. F. Wang, Z. Tian, and B.M. Sadler, "Weighted Energy Detection for Noncoherent Ultra-wideband Receiver Design," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 10, no. 2, Feb. 2011, pp. 710-720. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2010.120310.101390
  11. B. Liu, T. Lv, and H. Gao, "Blind Synchronization and Demodulation for Noncoherent Ultra-Wideband System with Robustness against ISI and IFI," Proc. ICC, May 2010, pp. 1-5.
  12. A.A. DAmico, U. Mengali, and L. Taponecco, "Synchronization for DTR Ultra-wideband Receivers," Proc. ICC, vol. 11, June 2006, pp. 5069-5073.
  13. M. Di Renzo, F. Graziosi, and F. Santucci, "A Modified Delay Locked Loop Synchronizer for Ranging-Based Fine Timing Acquisition of Differential Transmitted Reference UWB Receivers," Proc. 4th European Wireless Conf., June 2008, pp. 1- 6.
  14. S. Lee, Design and Analysis of Ultra-wideband Impulse Radio Receiver, PhD Dissertation, University of Southern California, LA, CA, 2002, pp. 28-37.
  15. H. Huang et al., "The Structure and Performance on an Orthogonal Sinusoidal Correlation Receiver of Impulse Radio," Proc. VTC, Sept. 2004, vol. 2, pp. 26-29.
  16. F.M. Gardner, Phase-Locked Techniques, 3rd ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005.
  17. J. Zheng, Principle and Application of Phase-Locked Loop, 2nd ed., People's Posts and Telecommunications Press, 1984 (in Chinese).
  18. J. Wang and L.B. Milstein, "CDMA Overlay Situations for Microcellular Mobile Communications," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. COM-43, Feb. 1995, pp. 603-614.
  19. J. Wang, and J. Chen, "Performance of Wideband CDMA with Complex Spreading and Imperfect Channel Estimation," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 19, no. 1, Jan. 2001, pp. 152-163. https://doi.org/10.1109/49.909617
  20. J. Foerster, Channel Modeling Sub-committee Report Final, IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs), 2003. http://grouper. ieee.org/groups/802/15/pub/2002 /Nov02/02490r0P802-15\_SG3a-Channel-Modeling-Subcommittee -Report-Final.zip
  21. F.F. Digham, M.S. Alouini, and M.K. Simon, "On the Energy Detection of Unknown Signals over Fading Channels," Proc. ICC03, Apr. 2003, pp. 3575-3579.
  22. J.L. Stensby, Phase-Locked Loops, New York: CRC Press, 1997.
  23. B. Gilbert, "A Precise Four-Quadrant Multiplier with Subnanosecond Response," IEEE J. Solid State Circuits, vol. SC-3, no. 6, Dec. 1968, pp. 365-373.

Cited by

  1. TOA Estimation Technique for IR-UWB Based on Homogeneity Test vol.35, pp.5, 2013, https://doi.org/10.4218/etrij.13.0112.0889