DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Runoff of Fluazinam Applied in Pepper Field-lysimeter

고추재배 포장 라이시메타를 이용한 fluazinam의 유출 평가

  • Kim, Chan-Sub (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Ihm, Yang-Bin (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kwon, Hye-Young (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Im, Geon-Jae (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 김찬섭 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 임양빈 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 권혜영 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 임건재 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부)
  • Received : 2013.11.04
  • Accepted : 2013.12.01
  • Published : 2013.12.31

Abstract

The field lysimeter study was undertaken to investigate influence of agricultural practice and topography on runoff and erosion loss of fluazinam from the sloped land grown pepper. The WP type formulation was applied on July in 2003~2005. The wash-off rates were from 1.4% to 8.4% of the applied fluazinam. The runoff losses of fluazinam from a series of pepper grown-lysimeter plots were 0.14~0.90% in the first year, 0.01~0.04% in the second year and 0.16~0.37% in the third year for the mulched contour ridge plots, 0.47~1.59% for the mulched up-down direction ridge plots and 0.07~1.05% for the no-mulched contour ridge plots as the control, and they increased with slope degree. Concentrations of fluazinam in runoff water ranged mostly to 10 ${\mu}gL^{-1}$ at the first runoff event. Erosion rates from plots except the mulched up-down direction ridge plots was 0.00~0.21% for 10% and 20% slope-plots and 0.15~1.05% for 30% slope-plots with different slope degrees. Erosion rates from the mulched up-down direction ridge plots were 0.47~1.59% for 10% slope-plots and 0.75~1.05% for 20% slope-plots. Residues of fluazinam in soil at ten days after the application ranged from 0.007 mg $kg^{-1}$ to 0.059 mg $kg^{-1}$ except the soil under the mulch. After then the fluazinam residue in soil was dissipated at the rate of 20 days of half-life to below 0.01 mg $kg^{-1}$ at 60 days after the application.

작물재배 관행과 지형에 의한 농약의 유실양상의 차이를 파악하고자 고추재배 경사지 포장에서 농약유출 실험을 수행하였다. Fluazinam 50% 수화제를 2003년부터 2005년까지 7월 중에 살포한 후 작물체를 씻어 내리는 빗물(wash-off), 유출수, 유실토 및 토양 중 fluazinam의 잔류소실 양상을 추적하였다. 농약살포 후 작물체 표면에 부착되었던 fluazinam이 빗물에 씻겨 내리는 정도는 살포량의 1.4~8.2%이었다. Fluazinam의 유출률은 등고선방향 비닐피복구의 경우 1년차 0.14~0.90%, 2년차 0.01~0.04%, 3년차 0.16~0.37%이었고 상하경 비닐피복구 0.47~1.59% 및 등고선방향 무피복구 0.07~1.05%로 경사도에 따라 유출률이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 첫 번 유출에 의한 fluazinam의 유출농도는 대부분 10 ${\mu}gL^{-1}$ 이하였다. 상하경 비닐피복구를 제외한 토양유실에 의한 fluazinam의 포장외부로의 경사도별 유출률은 10% 경사구와 20% 경사구는 0.00~0.21%이었고 30% 경사구는 0.15~1.05%이었으며, 상하경 비닐피복구의 유실률은 경사도 10%구와 20%구에서 각각 0.47~1.59%와 0.75~1.05%이었다. 농약살포 10일 경과 후 비닐피복부분을 제외한 고추밭 토양 중 fluazinam의 잔류농도는 0.007~0.059 mg $kg^{-1}$이었고 토양반감기 20일의 속도로 소실되어 살포 60일 경과 후에는 0.01 mg $kg^{-1}$ 미만으로 감소하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. European Food Safety Authority (2008) Conclusion regarding the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance fluazinam. pp. 82.
  2. FOCUS (2004) FOCUS surface water scenarios in the EU evaluation process under 91/414/EEC. pp. 294.
  3. Jarvis, N. J., J. M. Hollis, P. H. Nicholls, T. Mayer and S. P. Evans (1997) MACRO_DB : A decision-support tool for assessing pesticide fate and mobility in soils. Environmental Modelling & Software 12:251-265. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-8152(97)00147-3
  4. Kim, K., J. H. Kim and C. K. Park (1997) Pesticide runoff from soil surface by rainfall. Korean J. Environ. Agric. 16(3): 274-284.
  5. Kim, S. S., Kim, T. H. Kim, S. M. Lee, D. S. Park, Y. Z. Zhu and J. H. Hur (2005) Mobility of pesticides in different slopes and soil collected from Gangwon alpine sloped-land under simulated rainfall conditions. Korean J. Pestic. Sci. 9(4):316-329.
  6. Kim, C. S., Y. B. Ihm, Y. D. Lee and B. Y. Oh (2006) Runoff and erosion of alachlor, ethalfluralin, ethoprophos and pendimethalin by rainfall simulation. Korean J. Environ. Agric. 25(4):306-315. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2006.25.4.306
  7. Kim, C. S., H. D. Lee, Y. B. Ihm and G. J. Im (2007) Runoff of endosulfan by rainfall simulation and from soybean-grown field lysimer. Korean J. Environ. Agric. 26(4):343-350. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2007.26.4.343
  8. Kim C. S., B. M. Lee, K. H. Park, B. J. Park, J. E. Park and Y. D. Lee (2010) Simultaneous determination of pesticide residues in soils by dichloromethane partition - adsorption chromatography - GC-ECD/NPD analytical methods. Korean J. Pestic. Sci. 14:361-370.
  9. Korea Crop Protection Association. (2012a) Agrochemicals use guide book.
  10. Korea Crop Protection Association. (2012b) Agrochemicals year book.
  11. Leonard, R. A. (1990) Movement of pesticides into surface waters, In Pesticides in the soil environment: processes, impacts and modeling. H. H. Cheng, (Ed.), Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI. 303-349.
  12. McCall, P. J., R. L. Swann, D. A. Laskowski, S. M. Unger, S. A. Vrona and H. J. Dishburger (1980) Estimation of chemical mobility in soil from liquid chromatographic retention times. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 24:190-195. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01608096
  13. Moon, Y. H., Kim, Y. T. Kim, Y. S. Kim and S. K. Han (1993) Simulation and measurement of degradation and movement of insecticide ethoprophos in soil. Korean J. Environ. Agric. 12(3):209-218.
  14. Roberts, T. R. (1996) Assessing the environmental fate of agrochemicals. J. Environ. Sci. Health. B31:325-335.
  15. Tomlin, C. (ed.) (2003) The pesticide manual (13th ed.). British Crop Protection Council.
  16. Wischmeier, W. H. and D. D. Smith (1978) Predicting rainfall erosion losses - A guide to conservation planning. USDA Agriculture Handbook No. 537.

Cited by

  1. Runoff of Dimethomorph Applied in Pepper Field-lysimeter vol.21, pp.3, 2017, https://doi.org/10.7585/kjps.2017.21.3.289
  2. Runoff of Chlorothalonil Applied in Pepper Field-lysimeter vol.23, pp.4, 2013, https://doi.org/10.7585/kjps.2019.23.4.388