DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Establishment of Pre-Harvest Residue Limit (PHRL) of Fungicides Azoxystrobin and Difenoconazole on Prunus mume fruits

매실 중 살균제 azoxystrobin과 difenoconazole의 생산단계 잔류허용기준 설정

  • Lee, Dong Yeol (Divison of Applied Life Science (BK21+ Program), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Yeong Jin (Dong-Eui Institute of Technology Dong-Eui Analysis Center, Dong-Eui Institute of Technology) ;
  • Park, Min Ho (Gyeongnam Provincial Office, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service) ;
  • Lee, Seung Hwa (Gyeongnam Provincial Office, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service) ;
  • Kim, Sang Gon (Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kang, Nam Jun (Department of Horticulture, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kang, Kyu Young (Divison of Applied Life Science (BK21+ Program), Gyeongsang National University)
  • 이동열 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부(BK21플러스 농생명산업 차세대 인재육성사업단)) ;
  • 김영진 (동의과학대학교 동의분석센터) ;
  • 박민호 (국립농산물품질관리원 경남지원) ;
  • 이승화 (국립농산물품질관리원 경남지원) ;
  • 김상곤 (경상대학교 식물생명공학연구소) ;
  • 강남준 (경상대학교 원예학과) ;
  • 강규영 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부(BK21플러스 농생명산업 차세대 인재육성사업단))
  • Received : 2013.10.23
  • Accepted : 2013.11.20
  • Published : 2013.12.31

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the residual characteristics of fungicide azoxystrobin and difenoconazole in Prunus mume fruits, and establish pre-harvest residue limits (PHRL) based on dissipation and biological half-lives of fungicide residues. The fungicides were sprayed onto the crop at recommended dosage once and 3 times in 7 days interval, respectively. The samples were harvested at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 days after treatment. These residual pesticides were extracted with QuEChERS method, clean-up with $NH_2$ SPE cartridge, and residues were analyzed by HPLC/DAD and GLC/ECD, respectively. Method quantitative limits (MQL) of azoxystrobin were 0.03 mg $kg^{-1}$ and of difenoconazole were 0.006 mg $kg^{-1}$. Average recovery were $93.2{\pm}2.49%$, $85.5{\pm}1.97%$ for azoxystrobin at fortification levels at 0.3 and 1.5 mg $kg^{-1}$, and $100.8{\pm}6.74%$, $87.6{\pm}9.92%$ for difenoconazole at fortification levels at 0.06 and 0.3 mg $kg^{-1}$, respectively. The biological half-lives of azoxystrobin were 5.9 and 5.2 days at recommended dosage once and 3 times in 7 days interval, respectively. The biological half-lives of difenoconazole were 9.3 and 8.0 days at recommended dosage once and 3 times in 7 days interval, respectively. The PHRL of azoxystrobin and difenoconazole were recommended as 5.32 and 1.64 mg $kg^{-1}$ for 10 days before harvest, respectively.

본 연구는 매실 재배 중 사용되는 살균제인 azoxystrobin과 difenoconazole의 잔류특성을 알아보고 생산단계 잔류허용기준(Pre-Harvest Residue Limit, PHRL) 설정을 통하여 생산단계에서 합리적인 잔류농약 관리기준을 마련하기 위해 수행되었다. 먼저 두 살균제는 안전사용기준 농도로 희석하여 1회 살포와, 동일한 농도로 희석하여 7일 간격 3회 살포 구간으로 나누어 살포 후 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14일에 시료를 채취하여 분석에 사용하였다. 매실 중 azoxystrobin과 difenoconazole은 QuEChERS 방법으로 추출하고 $NH_2$ SPE cartridge를 이용하여 정제한 후 HPLC/DAD와 GLC/ECD로 각각 분석하였다. Azoxystrobin과 difenoconazole의 정량분석한계(Method Quantitative Limit, MQL)는 0.03 mg $kg^{-1}$과 0.006 mg $kg^{-1}$으로 나타났다. Azoxystrobin의 회수율은 0.3 및 1.5 mg $kg^{-1}$ 수준에서 각각 $93.2{\pm}2.49%$, $85.5{\pm}1.97%$이었으며, difenoconazole의 회수율은 0.06 및 0.3 mg $kg^{-1}$ 수준에서 각각 $100.8{\pm}6.74%$, $87.6{\pm}9.92%$이었다. 매실에서 생물학적 반감기는 기준량 1회 처리와 기준량 7일 간격 3회 처리에서 azoxystrobin은 각각 5.9일과 5.2일, difenoconazole은 9.3일과 8.0일로 나타났다. 잔류회귀 감소식을 이용하여 생산단계 잔류허용기준을 설정한다면 수확 10일전 azoxystrobin은 5.32 mg $kg^{-1}$, difenoconazole은 1.64 mg $kg^{-1}$ 이하로 잔류할 때 수확 시 잔류농도가 잔류허용기준(Maximum Residue Limit, MRL) 이하로 잔류할 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Anatassiades, M., S. J. Lehotay, D. Stajnbaher and F. J. Scheck (2003) Fast and easy multiresidue method employing acetonitrile extraction/partitioning and “dispersive solidphase extraction” for the determination of pesticide residues in produce. Journal of AOAC International. 86(1):412-431.
  2. Chang, H. R., H. R. Kang., J. A. Do., J. H. Oh., I. K. Whang., K. S. Kwon., M. H. Lim and K. Kim (2012) Residue studies of difenoconazole and thiamethoxam during cultivation of sweet persimmon for export. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture. 31(3):248-254. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2012.31.3.248
  3. Hong, J. H., J. S. Lim, C. R. Lee, K. T. Han, Y. R. Lee and K. S. Lee (2011) Study of pesticide residue allowed standard of methoxyfenozide and novaluron on Aster scaber during cultivation stage. Korean Journal of Pesticide Science. 15(1):8-14.
  4. Jeong, Y. H., J. U. Kim, J. H. Kim, Y. D. Lee, C. H. Lim and J. H. Hur (2004) Modern pesticide. pp.5, first edition, Sigmapress, Korea.
  5. Kang, H. R., Y. J. Lee., Y. R. Lee., K. T. Han., H. R. Chang and K. Kim (2011) Dissipation pattern of azoxystrobin, difenoconazole and iprodione treated on field-grown green garlic. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture. 30(4):446-452. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2011.30.4.446
  6. Kim, J. B., B. H. Song, J. C. Chun, G. J. Im and Y. B. Im (1997) Effect of spryable formulations on pesticide adhesion and persistence in several crops. Korean Journal of Pesticide Science. 1(1):35-40.
  7. Kim, S. W., E. M. Lee, Y. Lin, H. W. Park, H. R. Lee, M. J. Riu, Y. R. Na, J. E., Noh, Y. S. Keum and J. H. Kim (2007) Establishment of pre-harvest residue limit (PHRL) of insecticide bifenthrin during cultivation of grape. Korean Journal of Pesticide Science. 13(4):241-248.
  8. Ko, G. Y., K. H. Kim and K. S. Lee (2004) Residual pattern of procymidone and chlorothalonil in grape during the period of cultivation and storage. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture. 23(1):47-51. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2004.23.1.047
  9. Lee, C. R., J. H. Hong., J. S. Lim and K. S. Lee (2011) Residue pattern of azoxystrobin and cyenopyrafen in grape between rainshield and plastic house conditions. Korean Journal of Pesticide Science. 15(2):97-103.
  10. Lee, D. Y., Y. J. Kim, S. J. Lee, K. S. Cho, S. G. Kim, M. H. Park and K. Y. Kang (2012) Establishment of pre-harvest residue limit of fungicide pyrimethanil and trifloxystrobin during cultivation of persimmon. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture. 31(1):45-51. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2012.31.1.45
  11. Lee, D. Y., Y. J. Kim, S. G. Kim and K. Y. Kang (2013) Residual characteristics of insecticides used for oriental tobacco budworm control of paprika. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture. 32(1):84-93. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2013.32.1.84
  12. Lee, Y. D (2011) Handbook for the pesticide residue analytical methods of Food Code Index. pp. 80-82, third edition, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Korea
  13. Lehotay, S. J (2003) Determination of pesticide residues in foods by acetonitrile extraction and partitioning with magnesium sulfate: collaborative study. Journal of AOAC International. 90(2):485-520.
  14. Park, D. S., K. Y. Seong, K. I. Choi and J. H. Hur (2005) Field tolerance of pesticide in the strawberry and comparison of biological half-lives estimated from kinetic model. Korean Journal of Pesticide Science. 9(3):231-236.
  15. Tomlin, C. D. S. (2009) The Pesticide Manual, pp. 62-64, pp 354-355, fifteenth edition. BCPC publication, UK.
  16. Yang, J. E., D. S. Park. and D. S., Han (1995) Comparative assessment of biological half-lives estimated from kinetic models. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture. 14(1):37-48.

Cited by

  1. Residual Characteristics of Bistrifluron and Fluopicolide in Korean Cabbage for Establishing Pre-Harvest Residue Limit vol.19, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7585/kjps.2015.19.4.361
  2. Development of Multi-residue Analysis of 320 Pesticides in Apple and Rice Using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS vol.20, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.7585/kjps.2016.20.2.104
  3. Comparison of residue patterns between foliar application and drenching in export strawberry vol.60, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3839/jabc.2017.049
  4. Dissipation of Carbendazim and Tetraconazole Residues in Water Melon Under Green House Condition vol.22, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.7585/kjps.2018.22.3.199
  5. 생산단계 잔류허용기준 설정을 위한 딸기 중 bistrifluron과 chlorantraniliprole의 잔류 특성 연구 vol.36, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.5338/kjea.2017.36.1.09
  6. 노지재배 복숭아 중 Bistrifluron과 Cyenopyrafen의 생산단계 잔류특성에 따른 감소추이 vol.37, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5338/kjea.2018.37.1.07
  7. Residual Characteristics of Etofenprox, Pyrifluquinazon, Spirotetramat and Sulfoxaflor in Cow Parsnip (Heracleum moellendorffii L.) of Minor Crop vol.23, pp.2, 2019, https://doi.org/10.7585/kjps.2019.23.2.61