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A Phenomenological Study on the Flame Spread of Air Conditioner Indoor unit by Fire Tests

화재 실험을 통한 에어컨 실내기의 화염확산에 관한 현상학적 연구

  • Choi, Seung-Bok (Dept. of Fire & Explosion Investigation Team, Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency) ;
  • Lee, Seung-Hun (Dept. of Fire & Explosion Investigation Team, Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency) ;
  • Choi, Min-Ki (Dept. of Fire & Disaster Protection Engineering Graduate School, Gachon Univ.) ;
  • Choi, Don-Mook (Dept. of Fire & Disaster Protection Engineering)
  • 최승복 (서울지방경찰청 과학수사계 화재감식팀) ;
  • 이승훈 (서울지방경찰청 과학수사계 화재감식팀) ;
  • 최민기 (가천대학교 대학원 소방방재공학과) ;
  • 최돈묵 (가천대학교 소방방재공학과)
  • Received : 2013.11.18
  • Accepted : 2013.12.06
  • Published : 2013.12.31

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to check the fire origin and cause of the fire by observing the shape of the flame propagation in air-conditioner indoor unit through the fire tests. We supposed that the flame is spread from the surroundings to the top of the air-conditioner and ignited on top of the air-conditioner with n-heptane. And then repeated this experiment twice under the same conditions. After the ignition, refrigerant filled in air-conditioner and lubricating oil exploded with large explosion and flame having high temperature and pressure belched out rapidly due to bursting refrigerant pipe linked air-conditioner between 734 seconds and 559 seconds. After result of checking the combustion residue we found that almost all of that was lost except a part of the evaporator, motor and metal. The position of short-circuit traces of wiring for the air-conditioner ignited itself is similar to that of fire damage by external flame. Therefore, we verified that it is not certain to determine the ignition cause and point by only the shape of the combustion residues.

본 연구의 목적은 연소 실험을 통하여 에어컨 실내기의 화염확산에 관한 형상을 관찰하여 화재원인 및 발화지점을 확인하기 위함이다. 본 실험은 화염이 주변으로부터 에어컨 상단에 옮겨 붙는다는 것을 가정하여 실내기 상단을 n-햅탄을 적신 천으로 착화시켰으며, 동일한 조건으로 2회의 반복실험을 하였다. 착화 후 559 s와 734 s 사이에 실내기와 연결된 냉매관이 파열되면서 내부에 충입되어 있던 냉매와 함께 윤활유가 커다란 폭음을 내며 고온 고압의 화염이 급격히 분출되었으며 연소 잔류물을 확인한 결과, 증발기 일부와 모터, 금속함 등을 제외한 대부분은 소실되었다. 에어컨 자체에서 발화되었을 경우와 외부 화염에 의해 소훼되었을 경우 배선의 합선흔적 위치는 유사하였다. 따라서 연소 잔류물의 형상만으로 발화원인과 지점을 특정 짖는 것은 불확실하다는 것을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

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