Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Correlation between Sleep Quality and Snack Intake in Third Year Middle and High School Students in the Gwangju Area

광주지역 일부 여자 중·고등학교 3학년 학생의 수면의 질과 간식섭취량의 상관관계

  • Kim, Hyo Bok (Dept. of Nutrition Education, Graduate School of Education, Dongshin University) ;
  • Park, Yang Won (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Well-being, Dongshin University)
  • 김효복 (동신대학교 교육대학원 영양교육전공) ;
  • 박양원 (동신대학교 보건복지대학 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2012.12.06
  • Accepted : 2013.01.18
  • Published : 2013.02.28
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Abstract

We studied the eating habits and sleeping patterns of 682 middle and high school students in their third year in Gwangju. According to the body mass index (BMI) of the subjects, obesity (over weight) was significantly higher in the third graders of high school students ($20.8{\pm}4.0$, 32.9%) than middle school students ($19.4{\pm}3.8$, 14.2%) (p<0.001). In addition, 71.1% of high school students experienced a lack of sleep compared to 48.8% of middle school students (p<0.001). There was a difference between good and bad sleepers in the number of times they ate snacks and the quantity of their snacks. Good sleepers had more fruit and dairy products (e.g. fruit juice 2~4 times (p<0.05), milk 2~4 times (p<0.001), apples 2~4 times, strawberries 2~4 times (p<0.01), and bananas 2~4 times a week), while bad sleepers consumed more beverages, frozen desserts, flour-based foods, fast food, bread, and rice cake. Bad sleepers clearly consumed snacks more frequently. From analyzing the correlations between sleep quality and snack intake, eating fruits 2~4 times a week (30 g~200 g/once) and drinking dairy products 2~4 times a week (120 mL~400 mL/once) appears to promote better sleeping habits.

광주지역 여자 중학교 3학년과 여자 고등학교 3학년을 대상으로 수면의 질에 따른 간식섭취 실태, 간식 종류별 섭취빈도 및 섭취량, 수면의 질 수(PSQI) 에 대해 알아봄으로써 수면부족 상태에 놓인 청소년들의 간식의 종류별 섭취빈도와 섭취량을 제시하였다. 본 조사는 광주지역 일부 여중 고 3학년 학생에 대한 국한된 자료이기는 하나 설문 결과의 일반사항들이 조사대상자 학교의 학생들의 간식섭취 현황을 대변하고 있는 것으로 비숙면인 분포는 여자 고등학교 3학년 학생이 71.1%, 여자 중학교 3학년 학생이 48.8%로 여자 고등학교 3학년 학생이 여자 중학교 3학년 학생보다 수면부족을 더 많이 겪고 있어 수면의 질 또한 만족하지 못하는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.01). 인간은 생애주기를 통해 1/3 가량을 수면을 취하고 있으며 미국의 경우, 1달에 1번 이상 낮잠을 잔다는 성인이 38%라는 보고가 있고(34), 선행연구(9)에서와 같이 깜빡 잠으로 자신의 부족한 수면을 보충하는 경우도 있다. 본 연구에서 숙면인과 비숙면인에 따른 간식 섭취빈도 및 섭취량에 대해서는 숙면인은 과일류와 유제품의 섭취빈도가 더 높게 조사되었고, 음료류, 빙과류, 분식류, 패스트푸드, 빵 및 떡류, 과자류에서는 비숙면인이 높게 조사되었으나 전체적으로는 모든 영역에서 비숙면인이 숙면인보다 간식 섭취빈도 및 섭취량이 더 많은 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.01). 전체적으로 여자 중학교 3학년 학생이 여자 고등학교 3학년 학생보다 수면의 질이 높았고 수면의 질과 간식섭취와의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 수면의 질이 높을수록 과일 종류의 경우 주 3회, 30~200 g 정도 섭취, 유제품의 경우 주 3회, 120~240 mL 정도를 섭취하고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서 결과에서와 같이 숙면 집단이 정량적으로 과일류 및 유제품의 간식섭취빈도 및 섭취량이 높은 것으로 조사되었으므로 수면부족과 수면의 질 저하를 겪고 있는 학생들을 위해서는 앞에서 제시한 숙면을 취할 수 있는 일정량의 간식 섭취를 권장하며 체계적인 식생활 지도가 요구된다. 또한 여자 고등학교 3학년 학생의 수면 부족에 따른 아침결식, 간식섭취 행동에서 나타난 식생활 문제점과 저체중학생의 숫자의 증가에 따른 문제점 해결을 위해 지속적인 영양교육을 해야 할 것이다. 그러나 본 연구의 결과는 하루의 간식섭취 중 학교생활 중의 간식섭취량에 대한 조사만 이루어져 실질적으로 간식섭취량이 수면의 질에 그다지 많은 영향을 미치지는 않은 것으로 해석되었다. 따라서 수면의 질과 관련하여 학교생활 이후와 저녁 식사 이후의 야식이나 밤참의 섭취량 대해 구체적인 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이고, 현재 이를 위한 조사가 진행 중에 있다.

Keywords

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