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Calculating and Improving Operational Decision-Making Indices for Public Railways by Inclusion of Non-economic Factors

비경제성 요소를 포함한 철도운행 의사결정을 위한 지표 산정 및 개선에 관한 연구

  • Yang, Jungyu (Management Research Department, KORAIL Research Institute) ;
  • Ha, Ohkeun (Management Research Department, KORAIL Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Ikhee (Management Research Department, KORAIL Research Institute)
  • Received : 2012.09.03
  • Accepted : 2013.01.28
  • Published : 2013.02.28

Abstract

In many cases, operation of regional trunk lines is not profitable to railway operators. Nevertheless, railway operators are under pressure to manage regional trunk lines running under deficits, to better serve public interests. Given this situation, railway operators need to optimize assets by adjusting train schedules or changing the number of trains running. When railway operators judge the operation of a regional trunk line, the B/C ratio is generally used as a management index. This ratio is not considered part of strategic operational policy over the long term, and excessively influenced by the aspects of supply and demand over the short term. Accordingly, this study focused on indices that might be used to prevent worsening deficits and provide long term strategic operation policies, main indices to better measure economic situations, and auxiliary indices to supplement the main index. The main indices were measured in conventional ways to target experts and employees. This study presents quantitative standards, which are intended to be used to create itemized criteria through an Analytic Hierarchy Process, for better decision-making.

지방간선노선은 대체로 적자운영을 함에도 불구하고 철도운영자는 공공복리 차원에서 적자상태인 지방간선노선의 운영을 수행한다. 따라서 철도 운영자는 적자운영노선에서 운영자입장에서의 최적의 자산운용을 열차 편성 수 또는 열차운행 횟수를 조정하는 방식으로 최소화하려고 한다. 이때 열차운행 횟수나 편성수를 결정하는 지표로 영업계수(비용/수입 비율)가 주로 사용된다. 그러나 이것은 단기적인 수요공급측면의 영향만을 지나치게 반영하여 장기적인 관점에서의 전략적인 열차운영이 고려되지 않는다. 따라서 철도운영의 재정 건전성을 악화시키지 않으면서 이해당사자들의 정책방향과 지역 현황을 반영하는 의사결정이 가능하도록 업계종사자와 전문가를 대상으로 전통적인 경영성과 산정방식인 영업계수 등 주요지표와 이를 보완하는 보조지표 평가항목을 도출할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 평가항목을 도출하고 계층적 분석기법(AHP)을 통해 각 평가항목별 중요도를 산정하여 열차운행 의사결정의 명확한 이론적 근거와 계량화된 기준을 제시하고 이를 적용하고자 한다.

Keywords

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