Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Effects of Gastrodia elata Extracts on Scopolamine-induced Memory Impairment in Rats

천마 추출액이 Scopolamine으로 유발된 기억력 감퇴 흰쥐에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Jin-Ho (Dept. of Anatomy, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University) ;
  • Choo, Han-Na (Dept. of Anatomy, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University) ;
  • Park, Eun-Hye (Dept. of Anatomy, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University) ;
  • Jeong, Jong-Kil (Dept. of Herbology, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University) ;
  • Kim, Kyeong-Ok (Dept. of Neuropsychiatry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-Sang (Dept. of Anatomy, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University)
  • 김진호 (동신대학교 한의과대학 해부학교실) ;
  • 추한나 (동신대학교 한의과대학 해부학교실) ;
  • 박은혜 (동신대학교 한의과대학 해부학교실) ;
  • 정종길 (동신대학교 한의과대학 본초학교실) ;
  • 김경옥 (동신대학교 한의과대학 한방신경정신과학교실) ;
  • 김정상 (동신대학교 한의과대학 해부학교실)
  • Received : 2012.12.04
  • Accepted : 2013.01.10
  • Published : 2013.04.30
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Abstract

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a gradual decline in memory associated with shrinkage of brain tissue, with a localized loss of neurons mainly in the hippocampus and basal forebrain. This study investigated the neuroprotective effect of Gastrodia elata aqueous extracts against scopolamine-induced neurotoxicity in the hippocampus of male Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals (n=25) were divided into five different groups with five animals per each group. The normal group (Nor) was administered with saline, while the control (Con) group was administered saline after scopolamine treatment. The experimental group (Exp) was administered Gastrodia elata aqueous extracts (200 mg/kg body weight) for 20 or 30 days after scopolamine treatment. From a light microscopy study, the nuclei of neurons in the hippocampus were more shrunken or condensed in the 20 or 30 day control groups compared to experimental groups. The densities of neurons from the CA1 and CA3 area of the hippocampus in the Exp increased compared with the Con. Amyloid ${\beta}$ protein, containing PAS-positive materials, was lower in the Exp compared with the Con. The present study demonstrates that Gastrodia elata aqueous extracts possess neuroprotective potential, thus validating its use in alleviating the toxic effects of scopolamine.

알츠하이머병은 신경세포가 점차적으로 퇴화되는 질환으로 특히 해마와 기저쪽 앞뇌의 뇌조직이 위축되어 점진적으로 기억력을 잃어간다. 본 연구는 scopolamine(1 mg/kg, 7일 동안 1일 1회)으로 유발된 수컷 Sprague-Dawley 흰쥐 해마의 신경독성에 대한 천마 물 추출액의 효과를 규명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 실험동물(n=25)은 5군으로 나누었으며, 각 군마다 5마리씩 사용하였다. 실험군은 생리식염수를 투여한 정상군(Nor), scopolamine으로 유발한 다음 생리식염수를 20일(C-20)과 30일(C-30) 동안 투여한 대조군, scopolamine으로 유발한 다음 천마 추출액(200 mg/kg)을 20일(G-20)과 30일(G-30) 동안 투여한 실험군으로 구분하였다. 광학현미경으로 관찰한 결과 해마의 신경세포 핵은 G-20과 G-30에 비하여 C-20과 C-30에서 보다 응축되었거나 위축되어 있었다. 해마의 CA1과 CA3의 세포밀도를 조사한 결과 실험군이 대조군보다 높게 나타났다. 해마 주변의 뇌세포를 PAS로 염색한 결과 amyloid ${\beta}$ 단백질을 함유한 PAS-양성물질이 대조군에 비하여 실험군에서 감소하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 천마 물추출액은 scopolamine으로 유발된 신경 독성을 개선하는 효과가 있는 것으로 사료되었다.

Keywords

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