Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Anti-obesity Effects of Ishige okamurae Extract in C57BL/6J mice Fed High-fat Diet

패 추출물이 고지방식이로 비만이 유도된 C57BL/6J 마우스의 항비만 효과에 미치는 영향

  • Park, Se-Jin (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University) ;
  • Jeon, You-Jin (Department of Marine life Science, Jeju National University) ;
  • Kim, Hak-Ju (Soejin Biotech Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Han, Ji-Sook (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University)
  • Received : 2012.08.17
  • Accepted : 2013.01.29
  • Published : 2013.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

We investigated the anti-obesity effects of Ishige okamurae extract (IOE) on body weight, epididymal adipose tissue weight, plasma lipid levels, and leptin levels in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. After inducing obesity by feeding 45% HFD for 4 weeks, C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to HFD or HFD containing 5% IOE, and then fed for 6 weeks. The body weight and epididymal adipose tissue weight were increased by HFD, but they were significantly less in animals fed HFD containing 5% IOE than in those fed HFD. Levels of plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol were significantly lower, but the HDL-cholesterol level was significantly higher in animals fed HFD containing 5% IOE compared with the HFD group. The plasma leptin level was significantly lower in animals fed HFD containing 5% IOE. The diet containing 5% IOE did not show any adverse effects on liver and kidney functions. These results suggest that IOE has a potential as anti-obesity agent by reducing body weight and lowering the levels of obesity-related factors in plasma.

본 연구는 패 추출물의 항비만 효과를 조사하기 위해 C57BL/6J mice에 4주 동안 고지방 식이를 공급하여 비만을 유도한 후에, 6주간 패 추출물을 첨가한 고지방 사료를 섭취시키고 체중, 간, 신장 및 부고환 지방조직 무게, 혈액과 간의 지질 농도 및 혈중 렙틴 함량을 분석하였다. 실험 결과 HFD군에서는 고지방식이로 인하여 체중이 유의하게 증가하였으나, HFDIO군에서는 HFD군보다 체중의 증가가 유의하게 적었으며, 부고환 지방조직의 무게도 HFDIO군이 HFD군보다 유의하게 감소하였다. 고지방식이로 혈중 중성지방, 총 콜레스테롤, LDL콜레스테롤의 함량은 HFD군에서 가장 높게 나타났으나 HFDIO군에서는 유의하게 낮아졌으며 반면에 HDL콜레스테롤의 함량은 HFDIO군이 HFD군보다 유의하게 높았다. 이에 동맥경화지수와 심혈관질환위험도가 HFD군에 비해 HFDIO군에서 유의하게 낮아졌으며, 혈중 렙틴의 양도 HFDIO군이 유의하게 낮아지는 결과를 얻었다. 간 기능의 지표가 되는 ALT, AST, ${\gamma}$-GTP는 HFD군에서 유의하게 높은 값을 나타냈지만 모두 정상범위 내의 값을 나타내었고, 혈중 BUN과 혈중 Creatinine의 농도도 정상 범위 내의 값을 나타내었다. 이상의 실험 결과 고지방식이와 함께 급여한 패 추출물은 체중, 간 및 지방조직의 무게 감소와 더불어 혈장 및 간의 지질농도 개선과 혈장 렙틴 농도를 감소시키는 유용한 항비만 소재가 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 앞으로 패의 어떠한 성분이 이러한 작용을 하는 지에 대한 더욱 체계적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Lee JH. Treatment of obesity. J. Kor. Soc. Obes. 1: 21-24 (1992)
  2. Lew EA. Mortality and weight: Insured lives and the American Cancer Society studies. Ann. Intern. Med. 103: 1024-1029 (1985) https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-6-1024
  3. Kim KI, Han CK, Seong KS, Lee OH, Park JM, Lee BY. Effect of whole powder and extracts of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on serum lipids and body fat in rats fed high-fat diet. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 35: 720-725 (2003)
  4. Apfelbaum M, Vague P, Ziegler O, IIanotin C, Thomas F, Leutenegger E. Long-term maintenance of weight loss after a very low calorie diet: Efficacy and tolerability of sibutramine. Am. J. Med. 106: 179-184 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(98)00411-2
  5. Yum KS. Orlistat (XenicalR). Korean J. Obesity 10: 25-36 (2001)
  6. Schwartsmann G, Brondani da Rocha A, Berlinck RG, Jimeno J. Marine organisams as a source of new anticancer agents. Lancet Oncol. 2: 221-225 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(00)00292-8
  7. Lee YA, Kim MH. The effect of sea tangle extract on serum lipid level in ovariectomized rats. J. Life Sci. 18: 249-254 (2008) https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2008.18.2.249
  8. Nam CS, Kang KS, Ha JM, Lee SH, Lee JH, Lee DG, Jang JS, Kang HY, Ha BJ. The correlativity of ulva lactuca fractions, LPS, enzymatic activity and the evaluation of water fraction. J. Life Sci. 16: 984-988 (2006) https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2006.16.6.984
  9. Hayato MD, Masashi HS, Tokutake SS, Nobuyuki TK, Teruo KW, Kazuo MY. Fucoxanthin and its metabolite, fucoxanthinol, suppress adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. Int. J. Mol. Med. 18: 147-152 (2006)
  10. Tsukui T, Konno K, Hasokawa M, Maeda H, Sashima Y, Miyashita K. Fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol enhance the amount of docosahexaenoic acid in the liver of KKAy obese/diabetic mice. J. Agric. Food Chem. 55: 5025-5029 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf070110q
  11. Paxman JR, Richardson JC, Dettmar PW, Corfe BM. Daily ingestion of alginate reduces energy intake in free-living subjects. Appetite. 51: 713-719 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2008.06.013
  12. Ito K, Tsuchiya Y. The effect of algal poly-saccharides on the depressing of plasma cholesterol levels in rat. pp. 558-561. In: Proceeding of 7th Int. Seaweed Symp. Nishizawa K (ed), Univ. Tokyo Press, Tokyo, Japan (1972)
  13. Tsuji E, Tsuji K, Suzuki S. Effect of polysaccharides on cholesterol metabolism effect of various polysaccharides on serum and liver cholesterol levels in cholesterol fed rats. J. Nutr. 33: 273-281 (1975)
  14. Kimura T, Tsuji K. Effects of the primary structure of alginate on fecal excretion of sodium in rats. Nippon Nogeik. Kaishi. 67: 1177-1183 (1993) https://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.67.1177
  15. Lim SN, Cheung PCK, Ooi VEC, Ang PO. Evaluation of antioxidative activity of extracts of extracts from a brown seaweed, Sargassum siliquastrum. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50: 3862-3866 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf020096b
  16. Nakayama T, Takahashi M, Fukuyama Y, Kinzyo Z. An anti-plasmin inhibitor, eckol, isolated from the brown alga Echlonia kurome Okamura. Agric. Biol. Chem. 63: 3025-3030 (1989)
  17. Kim ES. Studies on the isolations and structures of secondary metabolites from the Sargassum fulvellum and Ishige okamurae. MS thesis. Hanbat National University, Daejeon, Korea (2004)
  18. Kim KW. Effect on metabolic disease factor of fucoidan purified by enzymatic hydrolysis from blown seaweed. PhD thesis. Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (2009)
  19. Jang YJ, Kwon SO, Yeo KM, Hong MJ, Kim BN, Han DS. Anti-obesity effect of Sargassum confusum ethanol extract in obese rats. Korea J. Food Sci. Technol. 43: 189-194 (2011) https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2011.43.2.189
  20. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredirickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin. Chem. 18: 499-502 (1972)
  21. Haglund O, Luostarinen R, Wallin R, Wibell L, Saldeen T. The effects of fish oil on triglyceride, cholesterol, fibrinogen and malondialdehyde in humans supplemented with vitamin E. J. Nutr. 121: 165-169 (1991)
  22. Rosenfeld L. Lipoprotein analysis. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 113: 1101-1110 (1989)
  23. Folch J, Less M, Stanley GH. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 226: 497-569 (1957)
  24. Kim MS, Yang HW, Kwon HC, Kim SK, Cho DJ, Yoon YD. 2002. Study on the cyclic change of leptin and its receptor expression during the estrous cycle of rat. Dev. Reprod. 6: 123- 129 (2002)
  25. Reitman S, Frankel S. A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 2: 56-63 (1957)
  26. Orlowski M, Szczeklik A. Heterogeneity of serum gammaglutamyl transpeptidase in hepatobiliary diseases. Clin. Chim. Acta. 15: 387-391 (1967) https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(67)90002-2
  27. Tiffany TO, Jansen JM, Burtis CA, Overton JB, Scott CD. Enzymatic kinetic rate and end-point analyses of substrate by use of a GeMSAEC fast analyzer. Clin. Chem. 18: 829-840 (1972)
  28. Bonsnes RW, Taussky HH. On the colorimetric determination of creatinine by the Jaffe reaction. J. Biol. Chem. 158: 581-591 (1945)
  29. Jayasooriya AP, Sakono M, Yukizaki C, Kawano M, Yamamoto K, Fukuda N. Effects of Momordica charantia powder on serum glucose levels and various lipid parameters in rats fed with cholesterol free and cholesterol enriched diets. J. Ethnopharmacol. 72: 331-336 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00259-2
  30. Lee HJ. Hyperlipidemic effect of supplemented onion extract in participants with borderline high cholesterol level. MS thesis. Changwon University, Gyeongnam, Korea (2009)
  31. Despres JP. Abdominal obesity as important component of insulin- resistant syndrome. Nutrition 19: 452-459 (1993)
  32. Kim HK. Obesity and fat metabolism. J. Korean Soc. Stu. Obes. 9: 63-65 (2000)
  33. Seal CJ, Mathers JC. Comparative gastrointestinal and plasma cholesterol responses of rats fed on cholesterol-free diets supplemented with guar gum and sodium alginate. Brit. J. Nutr. 85: 317-324 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN2000250
  34. Park SH, Jang MJ, Hong JH, Rhee SJ, Choi KH, Park MR. Effects of mulberry leaf extract feeding on lipid status of rats fed high cholesterol diets. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 36: 43-50 (2007) https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2007.36.1.043
  35. Thomas M, Leelamma S, Kurup Pa. Effect of blackgram fiber(phaseolus mungo) on hepatic hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase activity, cholesterogenesis and cholesterol degradation in rats. J. Nutr. 113: 1104-1108 (1983)
  36. Vahouny GV, Roy T, Gallo LL, Story JA, Kritchevsky D, Cassidy M. Dietary fibers. III. Effects of chronic intake on cholesterol absorption and metabolism in the rat. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 33: 2182-2191 (1980)
  37. Maffei M, Halaas J, Ravussin E, Pratley RE, Lee GH, Zhang Y, Fei H, Kim S, Lallone R, Ranganathan S, Kern PA, Friedman JM. Leptin levels in human and rodent: measurement of plasma leptin and RNA in obese and weight-reduced subjects. Nat. Med. 1: 1155-1161 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1195-1155
  38. Havel PJ, Kasim KS, Mueller W, Johnson PR, Gingerich RL, Stern JS. Relationship of plasma leptin to plasma insulin and adiposity in normal weight and overweight women: Effects of dietary fat content and sustained weight loss. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81: 4406-4413 (1996) https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.81.12.4406
  39. Friedma SL. 1990. Acetaldehyde and alcoholic fibrogenesis: Fuel to the fire, but not the spark. Hepatology 12: 609-612 (1990) https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.1840120326
  40. Kato S, Nazneen A, Nakashima Y, Rassaque MS, Nishino T, Furusu A. Pathological influence of obesity on renal structural changes in chronic kidney disease. Clin. Exp. Nephrol. 13: 332-340 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-009-0169-3

Cited by

  1. Anti-obesity and Anti-hyperlipidemic Activities of Fermented Coffee with Monascus ruber Mycelium by Solid-State Culture of Green Coffee Beans vol.43, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2014.43.3.341
  2. Effects of Cladosiphon okamuranus on Lipid Metabolism in High-fat-diet Rats vol.26, pp.6, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2016.26.6.657
  3. Effects of Cladosiphon Okamuranus Dietary Fiber on Cholesterol in High Fat Diet-Fed Rats vol.29, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.13103/JFHS.2014.29.4.370
  4. Bioactivities of Fermented Rhynchosia nulubilis in Dietary Obese Rats vol.30, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7841/ksbbj.2015.30.6.339
  5. Anti-obesity Effects of Peucedanum japonicum Thunberg L. on 3T3-L1 Cells and High-fat Diet-induced Obese Mice vol.29, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2016.29.1.001
  6. Effects of fermented blueberry liquid in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice vol.50, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2017.50.6.543