Food Science of Animal Resources (한국축산식품학회지)

Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources (한국축산식품학회)
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Evaluation on Microbiological Contamination Level of Raw Beef from Retail Markets in Seoul, Korea

서울지역 식육판매점의 우육에 대한 미생물학적 오염도 평가

  • Ko, Eun-Kyung (Optipharm Inc) ;
  • Heo, Eun Jeong (Livestock Product Standard Division, Food Microbiology Division and Agro-Livestock & Fishery Products Policy Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Kim, Young Jo (Livestock Product Standard Division, Food Microbiology Division and Agro-Livestock & Fishery Products Policy Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Park, Hyun Jung (Livestock Product Standard Division, Food Microbiology Division and Agro-Livestock & Fishery Products Policy Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Wi, Seong-Hwan (Veterinary Pharmaceutical Management Division, Animal and Quarantine Agency) ;
  • Moon, Jin San (Veterinary Pharmaceutical Management Division, Animal and Quarantine Agency)
  • 고은경 (옵티팜) ;
  • 허은정 (식품의약품안전처 미생물과, 축산물기준과, 농축수산물정책과) ;
  • 김영조 (식품의약품안전처 미생물과, 축산물기준과, 농축수산물정책과) ;
  • 박현정 (식품의약품안전처 미생물과, 축산물기준과, 농축수산물정책과) ;
  • 위성환 (농림축산검역본부 동물약품관리과) ;
  • 문진산 (농림축산검역본부 동물약품관리과)
  • Received : 2012.10.17
  • Accepted : 2013.05.23
  • Published : 2013.06.30
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Abstract

This study was performed to evaluate the microbiological contamination level of raw beef from retail markets in Seoul, Korea. The sampling and laboratory test were performed according to the procedure of "Standard for processing and ingredients specification of livestock product" and "Korean food code". Enterotoxin of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were detected using VIDAS$^{(R)}$ and PCR-based methods. Listeria monocytogenes serotyping and genotyping were carried out using Listeria antisera and L. monocytogenes Fingerprinting kit, respectively. A total of 48 samples were collected from 16 retail markets (butcher's shop: 5, department store: 6, supermarket: 5) in 2011. The level of total bacteria counts in the butcher's shop, department store and supermarket were $4.4{\times}10^3$ CFU/g, $3.9{\times}10^5$ CFU/g and $1.0{\times}10^4$ CFU/g, respectively. The concentrations of Escherichia coli of these three retail markets were $6.4{\times}10$ CFU/g, 7.6 CFU/g and $2.0{\times}10$ CFU/g, respectively. Salmonella species was not detected on all samples. However, S. aureus was isolated in the 3 samples (6.25%) from each type of three retail markets. L. monocytogenes was isolated in the 4 samples (8.3%) from department stores. The level of contamination of these foodborne bacteria was less than 100 CFU/g. The enterotoxin-encoding genes of S. aureus isolates were sea, seh, sei and sep gene. The gene similarity of L. monocytogenes isolated from two retail markets by Rep-PCR showed 57.8-98.1% and 68.1-98.1%, respectively. These results suggest that the HACCP guideline for environmental control in slaughterhouse and retail markets should be provided to prevent cross contamination and manage foodborne pathogens such as L. monocytogenes and S. aureus.

본 연구에서는 식육 유통의 최종 단계인 식육판매점 중, 일반정육점, 백화점 내의 정육점, 그리고 대형할인점에서 판매되는 쇠고기에 대한 미생물학적 오염도를 조사하였다. 업소별 일반세균수를 비교해 보면 정육점은 평균 $4.4{\times}10^3$ CFU/g, 백화점은 $3.9{\times}10^5$ CFU/g, 대형할인점 $1.0{\times}10^4$ CFU/g로 나타났으며, 대장균수는 정육점 $6.4{\times}10$ CFU/g, 백화점 7.6 CFU/g, 대형할인점 $2.0{\times}10$ CFU/g 수준이었다. 식중독균 중 Salmonella spp.는 모든 업소에서 검출되지 않았지만 S. aureus는 총 3건 (6.25%)으로, 정육점, 백화점, 대형마트에서 각각 1건씩 검출되었으며, L. monocytogenes는 백화점에서만 총 4건(8.3%)이 검출되었다. 이들 시료의 미생물 오염수준은 모두 100 CFU/g 이하로 조사되었다. 식육에서 분리된 S. aureus의 enterotoxin type은 sea, seh, sei, sep형으로 나타났다. L. monocytogenes가 검출된 4개의 시료에서 9주가 분리되었으며, 이들 균주의 혈청형은 모두 1/2c로 조사되었으며, 2개 업소에서 분리된 3주와 5주에 대한 균주간 유전학적 상동성은 57.8-98.1%와 68.1-98.1%로 각각 조사되었다. 본 연구 결과, 식육판매점에서 유통되는 쇠고기에서 일반세균수 및 대장균수가 기준치인 $1{\times}10^7$ CFU/g 및 $1{\times}10^3$ CFU/g 이하로 검출됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나, 식육에서 문제시되는 식중독 세균인 S. aureus 및 L. monocytogenes가 일부 식육판매점에서 검출된 바, 이와 같은 병원성 미생물의 효과적인 관리를 위해서는 칼과 도마 등의 이차오염 방지를 위한 작업환경 및 시설에 대한 세부적인 HACCP 관리기준 마련과 더불어 미생물에 대한 정기적인 검사가 수행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

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