Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Volatile Aromatic Compounds and Fermentation Properties of Fermented Milk with Buckwheat

메밀을 첨가한 발효유의 향기성분과 발효특성에 관한 연구

  • Lee, Beom-Seon (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Park, Seung-Kook (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University)
  • 이범선 (경희대학교 생명과학대학 식품공학과) ;
  • 박승국 (경희대학교 생명과학대학 식품공학과)
  • Received : 2012.06.06
  • Accepted : 2013.04.03
  • Published : 2013.06.30
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Abstract

We aimed to improve the flavor quality of plain yogurt, which is known to be sour and less desirable in flavor, varying concentrations of a buckwheat saccharification solution (BSS) were added to milk, followed by fermentation with commercially available mixed strains of lactic acid bacteria. Volatile compounds were analyzed using the gas chromatography-headspace-solid phase microextraction (GC-HS-SPME) method. Fermentation properties, including pH, titratable acidity, viable cells, viscosity, and color value were also measured. Eleven volatile compounds were identified with GC-MS. Of which, diacetyl, butanoic acid, and 2-heptanone proportionally increased as the levels of BSS increased. Undesirable compounds such as acetic acid and 2-butanone, decreased as BSS concentration increased. Fermentation properties were significantly altered with the addition of BSS. Our findings indicate that the flavor quality of plain yogurt can be improved by adding BSS for fermentation, with an additional health benefit from buckwheat.

본 연구에서는 메밀을 효소처리를 통해 당화시킨 후, 첨가량을 달리하여 발효유에 첨가하고 휘발성 향기성분과 발효특성을 비교하였다. 휘발성 향기성분은 HS-SPME기법을 이용하여 GC-FID와 GC-MS로 분석하였고, 발효특성은 24시간 발효시키는 동안 6시간 주기로 pH와 적정산도를 측정하였으며, 24시간 발효시킨 후 점도와 색도, 생균수를 측정 및 비교하였다. Ketone류와 acid류가 주로 동정되었는데 메밀 당화 용액의 첨가량이 증가할수록 발효유와 같은 유제품에서 전형적인 버터 향을 내는 diacetyl과 크림 향과 fresh함을 부여하는 2-heptanone, 산패취를 내는 butanoic acid가 증가하였고, 식초 향을 강하게 내는 acetic acid와 acetone 향을 내는 2-butanone이 감소하였다. 따라서 메밀을 당화시켜 발효유에 첨가함으로써 향기품질이 개선되었다고 판단할 수 있었고, 그 원인으로는 미생물학적 요인이 가장 크며 이에 대한 심도 깊은 연구가 필요하다고 판단된다. 메밀 당화 용액의 첨가량이 증가할수록 pH는 발효 6시간 후 까지 급격하게 감소하는 경향을 보이다가 이후에는 완만히 감소하였고, 적정산도는 그와 역으로 유사하게 발효 6시간 후까지 급격하게 증가하는 경향을 보이다가 이후에는 완만하게 증가하였다. Curd의 주성분인 casein이 상대적으로 적어졌기 때문에 점도는 메밀 당화 용액의 첨가량이 증가할수록 현저하게 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 색도는 명암을 나타내는 L값만이 유의적인 차이를 보이며 감소하여 색이 진해졌다는 것을 알 수 있었고, 메밀 당화 용액의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라서 생균수가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이는 메밀을 당화하여 얻을 수 있는 포도당과 기존에 다량 존재하는 식이섬유로 인해 유산균의 생육이 촉진된 것으로 판단되었다. 즉 본 실험을 통하여 메밀 당화 용액의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 발효유의 발효특성의 차이가 있음을 확인하였고 또한 메밀 발효유의 향기품질을 향상시키는데 도움을 줄 수 있음을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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