Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Antioxidant Activity and Inhibitory Effect of Aster scaber Thunb. Extract on Adipocyte Differentiation in 3T3-L1 Cells

참취(Aster scaber Thunb.) 추출물의 항산화 효과와 3T3-L1 지방전구세포에서의 지방분화 억제 효과

  • Choi, Jun-Hyeok (Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University) ;
  • Park, Yun-Hee (Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University) ;
  • Lee, In-Seon (Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University) ;
  • Lee, Sam-Pin (Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University) ;
  • Yu, Mi-Hee (Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University)
  • 최준혁 (계명대학교 식품가공학 전공) ;
  • 박윤희 (계명대학교 식품가공학 전공) ;
  • 이인선 (계명대학교 식품가공학 전공) ;
  • 이삼빈 (계명대학교 식품가공학 전공) ;
  • 유미희 (계명대학교 식품가공학 전공)
  • Received : 2013.01.30
  • Accepted : 2013.03.28
  • Published : 2013.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Clinical and preclinical trials of involving drugs with anti-obesity effects have focused on screening for herbal medicines suspected to have anti-obesity activities. In this study, an extract of Aster scaver Thunb., which was prepared in 80% methanol (ASE), was assessed for its total phenol content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity ability to scavenge the ${\alpha}-{\alpha}$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis-[3-ethylbenzthiazoline]-6-sulfonic acid radical, and anti-adipogenic effects. The anti-adipogenic effect of ASE on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes to adipocytes was investigated by assaying the suppression of adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation by using western blot analysis and the Oil Red-O assay, respectively. The staining results showed that ASE significantly inhibited 3T3-L1. Western blot analysis results showed that ASE decreased the levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-${\gamma}$, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ${\alpha}$, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c. These results demonstrate that ASE directly inhibits the differentiation of preadipocytes, and might be an important adjunct in the therapeutic efforts to reduce adipogenesis.

최근 연구에서 활성 산소 및 비만에 대한 유전자 발현이 비만과 노화를 촉진시키는 원인으로 주목 받고 있으며, 이를 통해 노화와 비만의 억제 체계를 규명하려는 다양한 방법들이 연구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 전국 각지의 산야지에 자생하며 농가에서 재배하기도 하는 국화과에 속하는 식물인 참취(Aster scaber Thunb.) 메탄올 추출물의 항산화력과 3T3-L1 전구지방세포의 지방세포형성과정에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 참취 메탄올 추출물에 존재하는 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량은 각각 $57.07{\pm}2.17$, $54.62{\pm}2.24{\mu}g/mg$으로 나타났다. 시료의 DPPH, ABTS radical 소거 활성을 측정한 결과 $RC_{50}$값이 각각 $22.24{\pm}0.40$, $53.19{\pm}1.61{\mu}g/mL$로 우수한 항산화 효과를 나타냈다. 참취의 메탄올 추출물이 3T3-L1 전구지방세포에서 분화유도 물질(IBMX, DEXA, Insulin)과 함께 처리했을 때 지방구의 형성을 농도 의존적으로 감소시켰다. 또한 이들은 지방세포의 증식 및 분화되는 과정에서 발현되는 adipogenic transcription factor 및 관련 유전자의 단백질 발현과 mRNA 발현을 유의적으로 감소시키는 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과로 참취 메탄올 추출물을 이용하여 항비만에 우수한 효능을 가지는 기능성 식품 소재로서의 개발이 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Visscher TLS, Seidell JC. The public health impact of obesity. Annu. Rev. Publ. Health 22: 355-375 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.22.1.355
  2. Spiegelman BM, Flier JS. Obesity and the regulation of energy balance. Cell 104: 531-543 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00240-9
  3. Park MJ. Recent advances in regulating energy homeostasis and obesity. Korean J. Pediatr. 48: 126-137 (2005)
  4. Ward PA. Mechanisms of endothelian cell injury. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 118: 421-425 (1991)
  5. Park SJ, Choi JH, Jung YS, Yu MH. Inhibitory effect of Rumex Crispus L. fraction on adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. Korean. J. Food. Sci. Technol. 45: 90-96 (2013) https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2013.45.1.90
  6. Lee YJ, Han OT, Choi HS, Lee BY, Chung HJ, Lee OH. Antioxidant and anti-adipogenic effects of $PineXol^{(R)}$. Korean. J. Food. Sci. Technol. 45: 97-103 (2013) https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2013.45.1.97
  7. Wang YW, Jones PJ. Conjugated linoleic acid and obesity control: efficacy and mechanisms. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 28: 941-955 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802641
  8. Darlington GJ, Ross SE, MacDougald OA. The role of C/EBP genes in adipocyte differentiation. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 30057-30060 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.46.30057
  9. Rosen ED, Hsu CH, Wang X, Sakai S, Freeman MW, Gonzalez FJ, Spiegelman BM. C/EBP$\alpha$ induces adipogenesis through PPAR$\gamma$: A unified pathway. Genes Dev. 16: 22-26 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.948702
  10. Rosen ED, Macdougald OA. Adipocyte differentiation from the inside out. Net. Rev. Mol. Cell Bio. 7: 885-896 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm2066
  11. Green H, Kehinde O. Spontaneous heritable changes leading to increased adipose conversion in 3T3 cell. Cell 7: 105-113 (1976) https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(76)90260-9
  12. Kim TJ. Korea Resources Plants IV. Seoul National University Press, Seoul, Korea. p. 230 (1996)
  13. Ham SS, Hwangbo HJ, Cui CB, Lee EY, Cho MA, Lee DS. Suppressive effects of ethanol extract of Aster scaber root on genotoxicity. J. East Asian Soc. Dietary Life 11: 446-471 (2001)
  14. Kim JH, Kim MK. Effect of dried leaf powders and ethanol extracts of Perilla Frutescens, Artemisia Princeps var. Orientalis and Aster scaber on lipid metabolism and antioxidantive capacity in rats. Korean J. Nutr. 32: 540-551 (1999)
  15. Lim SS, Lee JH. Effect of Aster scaber and Ixeris dentata on contractility and vasodilation of cardiovascular and endothelial cell in hyperlipidemic rat. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 26: 300-307 (1997)
  16. Folin O, Denis W. On Phosphotungstic-phosoho-molybdic compounds as colour reagents. J. Biol. Chem. 12: 239-249 (1912)
  17. Moreno MIN, Isla MI, Sampietro AR, Vattuone MA. Comparison of the free radical scavenging activity of propolis from several regions of Argentina. J. Ethnopharmacol. 71: 109-114 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(99)00189-0
  18. Benzie IFF, Strain JJ. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of "antioxidant power": The FRAP assay. Anal. Biochem. 239: 70-76 (1996) https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1996.0292
  19. Yu MH, Im HG, Lee HJ, Ji YJ, Lee IS. Components and their antioxidative of methanol extracts from sarcocarp and seed of Zizyphus jujube var. inermis Rehder. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 38: 128-134 (2006)
  20. Roberfroid MB, Van Loo JA, Gibson GR. The bifidogenic nature of chicory insulin and its hydrolysis products. J. Nutr. 128: 11-19 (1998)
  21. Park CK, Cha JY, Jeon BS, Kim NM, Shim KH. Effects of chicory root water extracts on serum triglyceride and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) activity in rats. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 29: 518-524 (2000)
  22. Yoo MY, Kim SK, Yang JY. Characterization of an antioxidant from sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida. Kor. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 32: 307-311 (2004)
  23. Jeon SM, Lee JY, Kim HW, Lee YM, Jang HH, Hwang KA, Kim HR, Park DS. Antioxidant activity of extracts and fractions from Aster scaber. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 41: 1197-1204 (2012) https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2012.41.9.1197
  24. Yi MA, Kwon TW, Kim JS. Changes in isoflavone contents during maturation of soybean seed. J. Food. Sci. Nutr. 2: 255-258 (1997)
  25. Shin SO, Shin SH, Ha TJ, Lim SG, Choi KJ, Baek IY, Lee SC, Park KY. Soybean ecological response and seed quality according to altitude and seeding dates. Korean J. Crop. Sci. 54: 143-158 (2009)
  26. Woo KS, Lee JS, Kang JR, Ko JY, Song SB, Oh BG, Seo MC, Kwak DY, Nam MH. Effects of cultivated area on antioxidant compounds and antioxidant activities of sorghum (Sorghum bivoor L. Miench). J. Korean. Soc. Food. Sci. Nutr. 40: 1512-1517 (2011) https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.11.1512
  27. Kim SG, Choi JW, Park HJ, Lee SM, Jung HJ. Anti-hyperlipidemic effects of the flavonoid-rich fraction from the methanol extract of Orostachy japonicas in rats. Kor. J. Pharmacogn. 40: 51-58 (2009)
  28. Graf E, Eaton JW. Antioxidant functions of phytic acid. Free Radical Bio. Med. 8: 61-69 (1990) https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(90)90146-A
  29. An BJ, Lee JT, Lee SA, Kwak JH, Park JM, Lee JY, Son JH. Antioxidant effects and application as natural ingredients of Korean sanguisorbae officinalis L. J. Korean Soc. Appl. Biol. Chem. 47: 244-250 (2004)
  30. Lee SO, Lee HJ, Yu MH, Im HG, Lee IS. Total polyphenol contents and antioxidant activities of methanol extract from vegetable produced in Ullung Iand. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 37: 233- 240 (2005)
  31. Lim MR, Kang SM. The effect of functional foods on the abdominal obesity. J. Cosmetological Sci. 6: 95-104 (2010)
  32. Cornelius P, MacDougald OA, Lane MD. Regulation of adipocyte development. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 14: 99-129 (1994) https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nu.14.070194.000531
  33. Rosen ED, Spiegelman BM. Molecular regulation of adipogenesis. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Bi. 16: 145-171 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.cellbio.16.1.145
  34. Wang ND, Finegold MJ, Bradley A, Ou CN, Abdelsayed SV, Wilde MD, Taylor LR, Wilson DR, Darlington GJ. Impaired energy homeostasis in C/EBP alpha knockout mice. Science 269: 1108-1112 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7652557

Cited by

  1. Beneficial role and function of fisetin in skin health via regulation of the CCN2/TGF-β signaling pathway vol.25, pp.S1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-016-0110-y
  2. Anti-Adipogenic Effects of Ethanol Extracts Prepared from Selected Medicinal Herbs in 3T3-L1 Cells vol.21, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3746/pnf.2016.21.3.227
  3. Antioxidative Activities and Quality Characteristics of the Aster scaber Bibimbap for Home Meal Replacement with Varied Blanching Pre-treatment vol.29, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.7318/KJFC/2014.29.5.444
  4. Radical Scavenging and Anti-Obesity Effects of 50% Ethanol Extract from Fermented Curcuma longa L. vol.44, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2015.44.2.281
  5. Ethanol Extract of Hippophae Rhamnoides L. Leaves Inhibits Adipogenesis through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) Activation in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes vol.28, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2015.28.5.582
  6. Radical Scavenging and Anti-obesity Effects of Various Extracts from Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) vol.42, pp.12, 2013, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.12.1908
  7. Antioxidant activities of hot-water extracts from Aster scaber by cultivation and drying methods vol.21, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2014.21.1.82
  8. Antioxidant activities of ethanol extracts of Aster scaber grown in wild and culture field vol.22, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2015.22.4.567
  9. Antioxidant and Antiobesity Activity of Natural Color Resources vol.24, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2014.24.6.633
  10. Anti-obese and Antioxidant activities of Spica prunellae Extract in 3T3-L1 and HepG2 cells vol.18, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.13050/foodengprog.2014.18.4.413
  11. Antioxidant and Anti-Adipogenic Activities of Bread Containing Corn Silk, Job's Tears, Lentinus edodes, and Apple Peel in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes vol.45, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2016.45.5.651
  12. Inhibition of Pancreatic Lipase Activity and Adipocyte Differentiation in 3T3-L1 Cells Treated with Purple Corn Husk and Cob Extracts vol.33, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.13103/JFHS.2018.33.2.131