Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society (한국수소및신에너지학회논문집)

The Korean Hydrogen and New Energy Society (한국수소및신에너지학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Calcination Temperature on Characteristics of Electrospun TiO2 Catalyst Supports for PEMFCs

열처리 온도가 전기방사방법을 이용하여 제조한 PEMFC용 TiO2 담체의 물리적 특성에 미치는 영향

  • Kwon, Chorong (Department of Energy Environment Policy and Technology, GREEN SCHOOL, Korea University) ;
  • Yoo, Sungjong (Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Jang, Jonghyun (Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Hyoungjuhn (Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Jihyun (Department of Energy Environment Policy and Technology, GREEN SCHOOL, Korea University) ;
  • Cho, Eunae (Department of Energy Environment Policy and Technology, GREEN SCHOOL, Korea University)
  • 권초롱 (고려대학교 그린스쿨 대학원) ;
  • 유성종 (한국과학기술연구원 연료전지연구센터) ;
  • 장종현 (한국과학기술연구원 연료전지연구센터) ;
  • 김형준 (한국과학기술연구원 연료전지연구센터) ;
  • 김지현 (고려대학교 그린스쿨 대학원) ;
  • 조은애 (고려대학교 그린스쿨 대학원)
  • Received : 2013.04.23
  • Accepted : 2013.06.30
  • Published : 2013.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is a power generation system to convert chemical energy of fuels and oxidants to electricity directly by electrochemical reactions. As a catalyst support for PEMFCs, carbon black has been generally used due to its large surface area and high electrical conductivity. However, under certain circumstances (start up/shut down, fuel starvation, ice formation etc.), carbon supports are subjected to serve corrosion in the presence of water. Therefore, it would be desirable to switch carbon supports to corrosion-resistive support materials such as metal oxide. $TiO_2$ has been attractive as a support with its stability in fuel cell operation atmosphere, low cost, commercial availability, and the ease to control size and structure. However, low electrical conductivity of $TiO_2$ still inhibits its application to catalyst support for PEMFCs. In this paper, to explore feasibility of $TiO_2$ as a catalyst support for PEMFCs, $TiO_2$ nanofibers were synthesized by electrospinning and calcinated at 600, 700, 800 and $900^{\circ}C$. Effects of calcination temperature on crystal structure and electrical conductivity of electrospun $TiO_2$ nanofibers were examined. Electrical conductivity of $TiO_2$ nanofibers increased significantly with increasing calcination temperature from $600^{\circ}C$ to $700^{\circ}C$ and then increased gradually with increasing the calcination temperature from $700^{\circ}C$ to $900^{\circ}C$. It was revealed that the remarkable increase in electrical conductivity could be attributed to phase transition of $TiO_2$ nanofibers from anatase to rutile at the temperature range from $600^{\circ}C$ to $700^{\circ}C$.

Keywords

References

  1. Richard T. Stuebi et al., "Fuel Cell Industry Outlook", Fuel Cell Investor Conference, Philadelphia, (2004).
  2. C. A. Reiser et al., "A Reverse Current Decay Mechanism for Fuel Cells" Electrochem. Solid- State Lett., 8, A273 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1896466
  3. S. D. Knights et al., "Aging mechanisms and lifetime of PEFC and DMFC", J. Power Sources, 127, 127 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.09.033
  4. K. H. Kangasniemi, D. A. Condit, and T. D. Jarvi, "Characterization of Vulcan Electrochemically Oxidized under Simulated PEM Fuel Cell Conditions', J. Electochem. Soc., 151, E125 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1649756
  5. Y. Shao, G. Yin, and Y Gao, "Understanding and approaches for the durability issues of Pt-based catalysts for PEMfuel cell", J. Power Sources, 171, 558 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.07.004
  6. T. W. Patterson and R. M. Darling, "Damage to the Cathode Catalyst of a PEM Fuel C ell Caused by Localized Fuel Starvation", Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., 9, A183 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2167930
  7. C. Reiser et al., "Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system using a fuel purge", US2002/0076582 A1, June 20, (2002).
  8. H. Tang, Z. Qi, M. Ramani, and J. F. Elter, "PEM fuel cell cathode carbon corrosion due to the formation of air/fuel boundary at the anode", J. Power Sources, 158, 1306 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.10.059
  9. E. Uyanga et al., "Study of Pt supported on Nb doped $TiO_2$ catalyst", IEEE, (2012).
  10. J. Zhao et al., "Structural properties and photoluminescence of $TiO_2$ nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning", J. Alloy Compd., 461, 447, (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.07.018
  11. J. Arbiol et al., "Effects of Nb doped on the $TiO_2$ anatase-to-rutile phase transition", J. Appl. Phys., 92, 2, (2002).
  12. S. D. Mo et al., "Electronic and optical properties of three phases of titanium dioxide: Rutile, anatase, and brookite", Phys. Rev. B., 51, 13023, (1995). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.51.13023