외국 의과대학에서의 성과중심교육과정 개발

The Development of Outcome-Based Curriculum in Medical Schools Outside Korea

In medicine, rapid changes in information, technology, socio-economic interests, and globalization affect the medical education focused on the competencies of doctors, and the number of medical schools that are adopting an outcome-based curriculum (OBC) is increasing worldwide. This paper introduces the OBC model of 5 trailblazing medical schools from the UK, US, and Australia, comparing their unique features, followed by brief comment about Canada and the EU as well. On developing an OBC, the process of establishing the top outcomes for graduates is similar and the outcomes comprise knowledge, skills, and attitudes about science, patients, colleagues, society, and themselves. Implementing the outcomes down into the sub-levels of the curriculum is much more complicated and time-consuming. Assessing the achievement of every outcome is essential and requires the use of many tools in addition to the traditional written examination. From the perspective of adult learning theory, self-directed learning, team-learning, and individual and flexible achievement are tested and executed in an OBC. The gradual expansion and further innovation of an OBC is expected so that tomorrow's doctors will be able to meet the challenges of the future.