Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry (동의신경정신과학회지)

The Korean Society of Oriental Neuropsychiatry (대한한방신경정신과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Mechanism of Lotus Root Extract (LRE) as Neuro-Protective Effect in Alzheimer Disease (AD)

연근(蓮根)의 신경 보호 효과 및 기전연구

  • Hong, Seung-Chul (Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University) ;
  • Lee, Chia-Hung (Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Heon (Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University) ;
  • Lee, Jin-Hee (Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University) ;
  • Koo, Byung-Soo (Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University)
  • 홍승철 (동국대학교 한의과대학 한방신경정신과학교실) ;
  • 이가굉 (동국대학교 한의과대학 한방신경정신과학교실) ;
  • 김상헌 (동국대학교 한의과대학 한방신경정신과학교실) ;
  • 이진희 (동국대학교 한의과대학 한방신경정신과학교실) ;
  • 구병수 (동국대학교 한의과대학 한방신경정신과학교실)
  • Received : 2013.09.24
  • Accepted : 2013.09.26
  • Published : 2013.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives : There is a possibility LRE as remedy in Alzheimer disease (AD), but it's nerve protection effect and mechanism have to be elucidate. In this research, we applied LRE on $A{\beta}_{25-35}$ pre-treated SH-SY5Y cells, to find out the nerve protection effect and mechanism in AD cell model. Methods : We tried to confirm that effect by experimenting with 20, 50, and $100{\mu}g/ml$ concentration of LRE as a medicine. Next experiment, we assessed damage effect which induced $A{\beta}_{25-35}$, known to cause AD, on SH-SY5Y cell. In addition, cellular viability test is executed under $H_2O_2$ treatment condition in a SH-SY5Y cell. Results : 1. In $A{\beta}_{25-35}$ treated SH-SY5Y cell, LRE exhibited an anti-phosphorylation effect about tau protein, JNK, and IKB. 2. LRE prevent nerve cell apoptosis, which indued $A{\beta}_{25-35}$ and oxidative stress, modify JNK engaged synaptic structure and $NF{\kappa}B$ induced p75-neurotrophin receptor polymorphism. Conclusions : We found that LRE prevented oxidative stress-induced cellular destruction, for example, increased SOD activity of $A{\beta}_{25-35}$ treated SH-SY5Y cell and reduced toxicity of oxygen free radical. Consequently, the ingredients of LRE have a role as a catalyzer for $A{\beta}_{25-35}$ clearance and as scavenger for active oxygen free radical.

Keywords

References

  1. Ministry of Education. Development of Plant-derived Vaccine for Alzheimer's Disease; 2010:2-3, 11.
  2. Korean Neurological Association. Neurology. Seoul: Koon Ja Publishing. Inc.; 2007:406-17.
  3. The Korean Society of Oriental Neuropsychiatry. Oriental Neuropsychiatry. 1st ed. Seoul: Jipmundang; 2007:324-33.
  4. Jang GK. Gyong AK Jeon Seo. Seoul: Il Jung Sa; 1992:846.
  5. Jin ST. Seoksilbirok (下). Seoul: SewanDang; 1984:316-7.
  6. Jeon GH. Byunjeunggimoonjeonse. Taipei: Gandichubanshe; 1980:233-5.
  7. Wang QR. Yi Lin Gai Cuo. Taipei: Taiwandongfangshudian; 1960:22-5.
  8. The University of Korean Medicine Professor. Herbal Medicine. Seoul: Yonglimsa. 2000:405-6.
  9. Bae GH. The Medicine Plant of Korea. Seoul: Kyohaksa; 2010:158.
  10. Hwang DY. Bangyakhappyeon. Seoul: Yonglimsa; 567.
  11. Kim CM, Shin MK, Lee KS, et al. Encyclopedia of Chinese Herbal Medicine. Seoul: JeongDam; 1997:3528.
  12. Won HY, Kim SY, Kim EJ, et al. Effects of Nodus Nelumbinis Rhizomatis Extracts on Sociopsychological Stress in Mice. Dept. of Neuropsychiatry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University; 2004.
  13. Lee KS, Jeong HY. Effects of Nelumbinis Rhizomatis Nodus Extract on Cerebral Hemodynamics in Rats. Korean Journal Oriental Physiology & Pathology. 2005;19(6):1546-51.
  14. Kim YG, Kwon MJ, Cho SI. Effect of Nodus Nelumbinis Rhizomatis Extract on the Regulation of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Rats. Korean Journal Herbology. 2005;20(3):75-81.
  15. Sladowski D, Steer SJ, Clothier RH, et al. An Improved MTT Assay. J Immunol Methods. 1993; 157(1-2):203-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(93)90088-O
  16. Araujo DM, Cotman CW. Beta-amyloid Stimulates Glial Cells Vitro to Produce Growth Factors That Accumlate in Senile Plaques in Alzhimer's Disease. Brain Res. 1992;569(1):141-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(92)90380-R
  17. Gitter BD, Cox LM, Rydel RE, et al. Amyloid Beta Peptide Potentiates Cytokine Secretion by Interleukin-1 Beta-activated Human Astrocytoma Cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1995;92(23):10738-41. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.92.23.10738
  18. Behl C, Davis JB, Lesley R, et al. Hydrogen Peroxide Mediates Amyloid Beta Protein Toxicity. Cell. 1994;77(6):817-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(94)90131-7
  19. Jang SG. Dementia. Shinwon, Seoul; 2004:21-2, 120-3.
  20. Clarkson PM, Thompson HS. Antioxidants: What Role Do They Play in Physical Activity and Health? Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72(2):637-46.
  21. Chandra J, Samali A, Orrenius S. Triggering and Modulation of Apoptosis by Oxidative Stress. Free Radic Biol Med. 2000;29(3-4):323-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(00)00302-6
  22. Sikka SC, Rajasekaran M, Hellstrom WJ. Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Male Infertility. Journal of Andrology. 1995;16(6):464-81.
  23. Na JM. Characterization of Superoxide Dismutase from Cold-adated Arctic Bacteria. Department of Chemistry, Sejong University; 2010:3.
  24. Youm JA. Effects of DNA Damage in Eshherichia coli Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase Mutants under Oxidative Stress. Department of Biology, Graduate School, Chosun University; 2003:24.
  25. Yoon YC. Malformation of Entorhino-Hipppocampal Projections Is Associated with Abnormal Phosphorylation of Tau in a Reelin-Deficient Mice, Reeler. Ajou University; 2011.
  26. Jeong CH, Jo SC, Han SH, et al. Effect of PD98059 on NF $\kappa{B}$ and AP 1 Expressions in HepG2 and SNU182. 8th Spring Conference Abstracts of the Clinical and Molecular Hepatology. 2002;8(3):49.
  27. Kim DK, Lee SH, Lee JH, et al. Effect of FK506 on Regulation of IkBa and NF-kB. 1999 Fall Conference Abstracts of the Tuberculosis & Respiratory Diseases. 1999;89(0):54.
  28. Barnes PJ, Karin M. Nuclear factor-$\kappa{B}$ a Pivotal Transcription Factor in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases. N Engl J Med. 1997;336:1066-71. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199704103361506
  29. Wada T, Penninger JM. Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases in Apoptosis Regulation. Oncoqene. 2004;23(16):2838-49.
  30. Kim MA. Quality Characteristics of Mandupi Added Lotus Root Powder. Graduated School of Education, Mokpo National University; 2009.
  31. Park JH, Kim EM. Changes in the Quality Characteristics of Mung Bean Starch Jelly with White Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) Root Powder Added. The Korean Journal of Culinary Research. 2010;16(1):180-90.
  32. Cho TO. Functional of Lotus (Nelumbo Nucifera) and Quality Characteristics of Korean Rice Cake Added with Lotus Powder. Dept. of Culinary & Food Service Management, The Graduate School of Sejong University; 2009.
  33. Jeong H. Beneficial Effect of Nodus Nelumbinis Rhizomatis Aqua-Acupunture Treatment on Glycerol-Induced Acute Renal Failure in Rats. Dept. of Oriental Medicine, Graduate School of Dongshin University; 2006.
  34. Hong GH. Effects of Nelumbinis Rhizomatis Nodus (NRN) on Chronic Renal Failure in Rats. Dept. of Oriental Medicine, Graduate School of Dongshin University; 2009.
  35. Cho SI, Kim HW. Beneficial Effect of Nodus Nelumbinis Rhizomatis Extract on Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Toxicity in Rats. The Korean Journal of Herbology. 2003;18(4):127-34.
  36. Lee JJ, Park SY, Lee MY. Effect of Lotus Root (Nelumbo Nucifera G) on Lipid Metabolism in Rats with Diet - Induced Hypercholesterolemia. Korean Jounal of Food Preserv. 2006:13(5): 634-42.
  37. Kim JS. Anti-diabetic Constituent from the Node of Lotus Rhizome (Neulombo Nucifera Gaertn). Graduate School of Chung-Ang University; 2000.

Cited by

  1. Effect of Lotus Root (Nelumbo nucifera) on the Quality of Beef Hamburger Patties vol.27, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.7856/kjcls.2016.27.4.817
  2. Quality Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Soymilk Added with Nelumbo Nucifera Root Powder vol.25, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5934/kjhe.2016.25.2.239