Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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Chemical Water Quality and Fish Community Characteristics in the Mid- to Downstream Reach of Geum River

금강 중.하류역의 이.화학적 수질특성 및 어류 군집특성

  • Han, Jeong-Ho (Department of Biological Science, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • An, Kwang-Guk (Department of Biological Science, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2013.05.13
  • Accepted : 2013.08.12
  • Published : 2013.09.30
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Abstract

The objectives of the study were to analyze chemical water quality and fish community structures in the downstreams of Geum River during 2004~2005. Water quality parameters showed that ionic dilution was evident during July~August due to a rainfall and river runoff by Asian monsoon. Mean concentrations of BOD showed a seasonal variation and were greater in the downstream than in the midstream. The total number of fish species observed was 34 (11 families) and 30.3% of them was Korean endemic species. The dominant species with > 20% of the total were Zacco platypus (25.9%) and Microphysogobio jeoni (21.5%) in the river. Exotic species observed was only one species, Carassius cuvieri with relative abundance of 1.8%. According to the structure analysis of fish community, species richness index was highest (3.714) in S6 and lowest in S4 (1.961), while species diversity index was highest in S2 (1.01) and lowest in S5 (0.507). Tolerant species dominated the fish community (49%), and the sensitive species were rare (4.4%), indicating a biological degradation of ecosystem. In the mean time, omnivore species was composed of 49% in the fish community and insectivore species was nearly same with the proportion of the omnivores.

본 연구에서는 2004~2005년에 금강 중 하류부의 이 화학적 수질 특성을 분석하였고, 또한 어종 분포 및 길드분석을 통해 어류 군집특성을 비교 평가하였다. 대부분 수질 변수들은 몬순 장마기(7~8월)의 집중강우로 인해 계절적인 수질변이가 나타났다. BOD의 평균 농도는 각각 평균 $1.6mg\;L^{-1}$ (1차 조사), $4.0mg\;L^{-1}$ (2차 조사)으로 중류 지점에 비하여 하류지점에서 더 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 계절별로 BOD 농도에서도 하류지점의 변이가 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 채집된 어류는 총 11과 34종이었으며, 이중 한국고유종에 속하는 종은 7종 (30.3%)이었다. 전체 어종 중 20% 이상의 비율을 보이는 종으로는 피라미가 25.9%, �瘟歷早“� 21.5%로 우점하여 나타났다. 국외에서 도입된 외래어종은 떡붕어 한 종만 출현하였고, 개체수 비교풍부도가 1.8%이었다. 회 유성 어종으로는 웅어, 뱀장어, 황복 3종이 출현하였다. 군집분석 결과에 따르면, 종 풍부도 지수는 다른 지점에 비해 많은 종이 출현한 최하류 구간 (S6)에서 3.714로 높게 나타났으며, 중류구간 (S4)에서 1.961로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 종 다양도 지수는 중류구간 (S2) 1.01, 하류구간인 (S5)에서 0.507로 나타났다. 어류의 내성도 길드분석에 따르면, 내성종이 전체 중 49%를 차지하였고, 반면 민감종은 4.4%로 나타나 단연 내성종이 우세하게 나타났다. 섭식 길드분석에서는 잡식종은 49%, 충식종은 46.8%으로 유사한 구성비를 보였다.

Keywords

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