Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture (한국식생활문화학회지)

Korean Society of Food Culture (한국식생활문화학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Sleep Duration on Dietary Habits and Body Composition of University Students

대학생의 수면시간에 따른 식습관 및 체조성에 관한 연구

  • Kim, KyungHee (Department of Food Nutrition, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Cho, HeeSook (Department of Culinary Art, Chodang University)
  • 김경희 (목포대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 조희숙 (초당대학교 조리과학부)
  • Received : 2013.03.20
  • Accepted : 2013.08.29
  • Published : 2013.10.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sleep duration on dietary habits and body composition of university students. Sleep duration has recently been added to the list of risk factors for obesity. However, studies on this topic are fairly limited particularly in Korea. We studied the relationship between the duration of sleep and obesity principally based on body mass index and %body fat in university students. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on a total of 312 university students. The subjects enrolled for this study were divided into two groups: (1) those with sleep duration of <7 hours (148 students) and (2) those with sleep duration of >7 hours (164 students). Based on a self-reporting method, the participants filled up the questionnaires for more than 20 minutes. Based on the overall data obtained, we observed that most students (52.88%) skipped breakfast. This was mainly due to shortage of time (60.58%). We also observed that self-reporting dietary preferences included eating irregular meals (49.04%), overeating (19.55%), imbalanced diet (16.35%), and skipping meals (9.94%). It was found that cookies were the favorite snacks in the majority of the participants (50%). Our data reveal that the body mass index, fat mass, visceral fat, and subcutaneous fat, respectively of the shorter sleep duration group (<7 h/day) were 23.78 $kg/m^2$, 19.13 kg, 2.23 kg, and 11.15 kg. In contrast, in those of the control group (7 h/day), these values were found to be 21.84 $kg/m^2$, 13.88 kg, 1.56 kg, and 12.11 kg. We also observed that there were significant correlations of sleep duration with body mass index (p<0.05), fat mass (p<0.01), visceral fat (p<0.01), and beck depression score (p<0.01). Our data suggest that the body mass index in the shorter sleep duration group was higher than that of the control group; however, %fat, visceral fat, and subcutaneous fat in the shorter sleep duration group were found to be higher than those of the control group. The data obtained through our study suggest that short sleep duration is clearly associated with a modest increase in general and abdominal obesity particularly in university students.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn BRM, Park ES. 2009. Perception of body weight control, life styles and dietary habits according to the obesity index of female college students. Korean J Human Ecology 18(1): 167-177 https://doi.org/10.5934/KJHE.2009.18.1.167
  2. Beck AR. 1978. Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. International Universities press, New York
  3. Beck AR. 1967. Depression: Clinical, experimental and theoretical aspects. Harper & Row, New York
  4. Basner M, Fomberstein KM, Razavi FM, Banks S, William JH, Rosa RRm Dinges DF. 2007. American time use survey: sleep time and its relationship to waking activities. Sleep 30(9):1085-1095 https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/30.9.1085
  5. Bertino M, Beauchamp GK, Engelman K. 1982. Long-term reduction in dietary sodium alters the taste of salt. Am J Clin Nutr 36(6):1134-1144
  6. Blais CA, Pangvorn RM, Borhani NO, Ferrel MF, Prineas RJ, Laing B. 1986. Effect of dietary sodium restriction on taste responses to sodium chloride, a longitudinal study. Am J clin Nutr 44:232-243
  7. Cheong SH, Kwon WJ, Chang KJ. 2002. A comparative study on the dietary attitudes, dietary behaviors and diet qualities of food and nutrition major and non-major female university students. Korean J Comm Nutr 7(3):293-303
  8. Chung BS, Kang KO, Lee JK. 1984. Studies on the taste sensitivity and eating habits of Koreans. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 13(1):86-96
  9. Chyun JH, Woo KJ, Chung KS. 1994. Taste preference and taste perception of Korean elderly. J Korea Home Economics Asso 32(5):143-151
  10. Crummy F, Piper AJ, Naughton MT. 2008. Obesity and lung: Obesity and sleep-disordered breathing. Thorax 63(6):738-746 https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.2007.086843
  11. Gottlieb DJ, Redline S, Nieto FJ, Baldwin CM, Newman AB, Resnick HE, Punjabi NM. 2006. Association of usual sleep duration with hypertension: the Sleep Heart Study. Sleep 29(8):1009-1014 https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/29.8.1009
  12. Kim GH, Hwang JH, Song KH, Kim MJ, Lee HM. 2006. The factors affecting sweet taste sensitivity and preference of the Korean middle-aged females. J Community Nutr 8(2):107-113
  13. Kim HS, Lee L. 1993. The prevalence of obesity and it's related factors of high school girls in the large cities. Korean J Nutr 26(2):182-188
  14. Kim IS, Yu HH, Han HS. 2002. Effects of nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude, dietary habits and life style on the health of college students in the Chungnam area. Korean J Comm Nutr 7(1):45-57
  15. Kim J, Kim HM, Kim KM, Kim DJ. 2009. The association of sleep duration and type 2 diabetes in Korean male adults with abdominal obesity: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 86(2):34-36 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2009.06.027
  16. Kim J, Jo I. 2010. Age-dependent association between sleep duration and hypertension in the adult Korean population. Am J Hypertens 23(12):1286-1291 https://doi.org/10.1038/ajh.2010.166
  17. Kim KH. 2003. A study of the dietary habits, the nutritional knowledge and the consumption patterns of convenience foods of university students in the Gwangju area. Korean J Community 8(2):181-191
  18. Kim KH, Park MW. 2009. Comparison of UCP2 polymorphism and dietary habits in university students. Korean J Food Culture 24(2):224-235
  19. Kim KW, Ahn Y, Kim HM. 2004. Fast food consumption and related factors among university students in Korean J Community Nutr 9(1):47-57
  20. Kim MK, Hur YK, Choi JK. 2004. Interrater and intrater reliability of 'sip and swallow' method for measurement of whole-mouth taste threshold. Korean J Oral Med 29(2):143-151
  21. Ko MS. 2007. The comparison in daily intake of nutrients and dietary habits of college students in Busan. Korean J Community Nutr 12(3):259-271
  22. Lee HM. 2006. Effects of lifestyles, dietary habits, food preferences and nutrient intakes on sensitivity to and preference for slaty tastes of Korean women. J Community Nutr 8(4):185-192
  23. Lee KA. 1999. A comparison of eating and general health practices to the degree of health consciousness in Pusan college students. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 28(3):732-746
  24. Lee MS, Kwak CS. 2006. The comparison in daily intake of nutrients, quality of diets and dietary habits between male and female colleage Korean J Community Nutr 11(1):39-51
  25. Lee SH, Hyun MH. 2001. The effects of obesity, body image satisfaction, and binge eating on depression in middle school girls. Korean J Health Psych 6(1):195-207
  26. Lee SS. 2001. The effect of taste preference on anthropometric measurements and nutrient intakes in children. Korean J Community Nutr 6(2):130-138
  27. Lee YH, Song JY. 1991. A study of the reliability and the validity of BDI, SDS, and MMPI-D scales. Korean J Clin Psych 10(1):98-113
  28. Manson JE, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ, Hankinson SE. 1995. Body weight and mortality among women. N Engl J Med 333(11):677-685 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199509143331101
  29. Naska A, Oikonomou E, Trichopoulou A, Psaltopoulou T, Trichopoulos D. 2007. Siesta in healthy adults and coronary mortality in the general population. Arch Intern Med 167(3):296-301 https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.167.3.296
  30. Park SE, Kim HM, Kim DH, Kim J, Cha BS, Kim DJ. 2009. The association between sleep duration and general and abdominal obesity in Koreans: data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001 and 2005. Obesity(Silver Spring) 17(4):767-771
  31. Patel SR, Hu FB. 2008. Short sleep duration and weight gain: a systematic review. Obesity (Silber Spring) 16(3):643-653 https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2007.118
  32. Patel SR, Malhortra A, White DP, Gottlieb DJ, Hu HB. 2006. Association between reduced sleep and weight gain in women. American J Epidemiology 164(8):947-954 https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwj280
  33. Saad MF, Riad-Gabriel MG, Khan A, Sharma A, Michael R, Jinagouda SD, Boyadjian R, Steil GM. 1998. Diurnal and ultradian rhythmicity of plasma leptin: Effects of gender and adiposity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83(2):453-459
  34. Shin AS, Woo MH. 1999. A study of drinking behavior among students at Yangsan college. The Korean Society of Dietary Culture 14(2):131-136
  35. Shin EK, Lee HJ, Ahn MY, Lee YK. 2008. Study on the development and evaluation of validity of salty taste assessment tool. Korean J Nutr 41(2):184-191
  36. Spiegel K, Tasali E, Penev P, Van Cauter E. 2004. Sleep curtailment in healthy young men is associated with decreased leptin levels, elevated ghrelin levels, and increased hunger and appetite. Ann Intern Med 141(11):846-850 https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-11-200412070-00008
  37. The Korean Nutrition Society. 2005. Dietary reference intakes for Korean. Seoul
  38. Toiano RP, Frongillo EA, Sobal J, Levitsky DA. 1996. The relationship between body weight and mortality: a quantitative analysis of combined information from existing studies. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 20(1):63-75
  39. Wren AM, Seal LJ, Cohen MA, Brynes AE, Frost GS, Murphy KG. 2001. Ghrelin enhances appetite and increase food intake in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86(12):5992 https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.86.12.8111
  40. Yaggi HK, Araujo AB, Mckinlay JB. 2006. Sleep duration as a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 29(3):657-661 https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.29.03.06.dc05-0879
  41. Zaregarizi M, Edwards B, George K, Harrison Y, Jones H, Atkins G. 2007. Acute changes in cardiovascular function during the onset period of daytime sleep: comparison to lying awake and standing. J Applied Physiology 103(4):1332-1338 https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00474.2007