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Comparison of Antioxidant Activities of Radish Bud (Raphanus sativus L.) According to Extraction Solvents and Sprouting Period

추출용매 및 발아시기에 따른 무순 추출물의 항산화 활성 비교

  • Han, Jin-Hee (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Moon, Hye-Kyung (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Chung, Shin-Kyo (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kang, Woo-Won (Dept. of Food and Food Service Industry, Kyungpook National University)
  • 한진희 (경북대학교 식품공학부) ;
  • 문혜경 (경북대학교 식품공학부) ;
  • 정신교 (경북대학교 식품공학부) ;
  • 강우원 (경북대학교 식품외식산업학과)
  • Received : 2013.07.31
  • Accepted : 2013.10.23
  • Published : 2013.11.30

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the total polyphenol and antioxidant activities of radish buds (Raphanus sativus L.) based on sprouting periods and extraction solvents in order to present basic data that are needed for using the radish buds as functional food material. The antioxidant activities were assessed by using various antioxidant models (DPPH, TBARS, Rancimat method, POV). The total polyphenol contents according to the extraction solvents were 84.11 and 296.51 mg/g, and the ethanol extract on day 4 of showed the highest value as 296.51 mg/g. As for DPPH radical-scavenging activity, on the day 4 of sprouting, water extracts indicated the highest scavenging activity by 86.67%, and the acetone extracts indicated a rather low scavenging activity as 77.23%. As for TBARS measurement of the radish bud extracts on day 4 of sprouting the extract of 70% ethanol was highest (71.48%). On day 8 of sprouting the TBARS value was increased and the methanol extract was highest (78.99%). As for the oxidative induction period on day 4 of sprouting in Rancimat measurement, the methanol extract was highest (6.07 hours) on day 4 and the antioxidant index was 1.16. On day 12 of sprouting, the general oxidative induction period tended to be reduced to 5.25 to 5.91 hours. In the peroxide value measurement on day 4 of sprouting and beginning of the storage, the extracts showed no difference between 3.02 meq/kg oil and 4.12 meq/kg oil, and on the day 60 of storage, the water extract (43.83 meq/kg oil) and the methanol extract (45.42 meq/kg oil) were lowest with higher antioxidant effect. In conclusion, the radish bud extract with higher total polyphenol contents and antioxidant activities may serve as functional material for food additives, such as natural antioxidants and food preserving agents.

본 연구에서는 무순을 발아시기별로 70% 에탄올, 80% 메탄올, 75% 아세톤, 물 등 용매종류에 따라 추출한 후 폴리페놀 함량과 전자 공여능, TBARS, 산화안정도 측정, 과산화물가 등 항산화특성을 확인하는 실험을 하였다. 폴리페놀 함량은 발아 4일째에서 에탄올추출물이 296.51 mg/g으로 가장 높은 것으로 나타났으며 다음으로 메탄올추출물이 219.39 mg/g으로 많았다. 발아 8일째에서는 에탄올추출물의 함량이 가장 높았으며 메탄올추출물과 아세톤추출물은 각각 197.72 mg/g, 200.45 mg/g으로 유의차가 없는 것으로 나타났다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능 측정에서 발아 4일째에 물추출물이 86.67%로 가장 높은 소거능을 보였으며 아세톤추출물에서 77.23%로 낮은 소거능을 보였다. 발아 8일째 라디칼 소거능은 아세톤추출물이 89.18%로 가장 높았으며 에탄올추출물이 70.14%로 가장 낮은 소거능을 보였다. 또 발아 12일째의 라디칼 소거능은 4일째와 비슷한 양상을 보였다. TBARS를 통한 지질과산화 억제효과 측정에서 발아 4일째 무순추출물의 TBARS값은 70% 에탄올추출물이 71.48%로 가장 높은 값을 보였으며 발아 8일째가 되면서 TBARS값이 상승하여 메탄올추출물이 78.99%로 높은 값을 보였고, 아세톤 추출물의 값이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 발아 12일이 되면서 TBARS값은 상대적으로 낮아졌으며, 발아 4일째와 유사한 경향의 값을 나타내었다. Rancimat에 의한 산화안정도 측정에서 발아 4일째의 산화유도기간은 메탄올추출물이 6.07시간으로 가장 높게 나타났고 항산화지표는 1.16의 수준을 보였다. 발아 8일째의 산화유도기간은 발아 4일째 산화유도기간보다 전반적으로 낮게 나타났으며, 메탄올추출물과 에탄올추출물, 아세톤추출물은 비슷한 경향을 보이며 유의차가 없었으나 물추출물의 산화유도기간이 낮게 나타나는 것으로 보였다. 발아 12일이 되면서 전반적인 산화유도기간이 5.25~5.91시간으로 낮게 나타나는 경향을 보였으며 메탄올추출물을 제외한 나머지 추출물은 발아 4일째와 유사한 패턴을 보였다. 항산화지표 또한 1.00~1.13의 수준을 나타냈다. 과산화물가 측정에서 무순추출물의 과산화물가는 저장기간이 길어질수록 유의적으로 증가하였다. 발아 4일째 저장기간 0일에서 각 추출물들이 3.02~4.21 meq/kg oil로 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 저장기간 60일에서 물추출물이 43.83 meq/kg oil과 메탄올추출물에서 45.42 meq/kg oil을 나타내어 두 추출물이 가장 낮은 값을 나타내 황산화 효과가 높았으며 발아 8일째와 발아 12일째의 무순추출물에서도 모두 비슷한 경향을 보이며 저장기간이 늘어날수록 과산화물가도 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과 무순추출물은 총 페놀 함량이 높고 항산화활성도 높게 나타나 천연항산화제와 같은 식품첨가물 및 식품보존제 등 기능성소재로써 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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