Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association (대한영양사협회학술지)

The Korean Dietetic Association (대한영양사협회)
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Calcium Intakes in Korean and American Populations

한국인과 미국인의 생애주기별 칼슘섭취 현황 비교

  • Yu, Areum (Dept. of Food & Nutrition, Dongduk Women's University) ;
  • Yang, Yoon Jung (Dept. of Food & Nutrition, Dongduk Women's University) ;
  • Jeong, Sarang (Dept. of Clinical Nutrition, Dongduk Women's University) ;
  • Kim, Jihye (Dept. of Clinical Nutrition, Dongduk Women's University) ;
  • Kim, You Jin (Dept. of Food & Nutrition, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Kwon, Oran (Dept. of Food & Nutrition, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Oh, Se-Young (Dept. of Food & Nutrition, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kim, Junghyun (Dept. of Home Economics Education, Pai Chai University)
  • 유아름 (동덕여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 양윤정 (동덕여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 정사랑 (동덕여자대학교 임상영양학과) ;
  • 김지혜 (동덕여자대학교 임상영양학과) ;
  • 김유진 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 권오란 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 오세영 (경희대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김정현 (배재대학교 가정교육과)
  • Received : 2012.12.10
  • Accepted : 2013.01.08
  • Published : 2013.02.02
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Abstract

Calcium intake has been insufficient in all age groups in previous Korean national surveys. This study was conducted to investigate calcium intake in Korean and American populations at different ages. We analyzed two national survey data: the 2007~2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and the 2007~2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Statistically, survey procedures were applied using the weight, cluster, and strata variables. The mean calcium intake of Koreans at ages of 1~2 y, 3~5 y, 6~11 y, 12~18 y, 19~64 y, and 65+y was lower than American populations at those ages. The sufficient proportions based on Korean Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) of 1~2 y, 3~5 y, 6~11 y, 12~18 y, 19~64 y, and 65+y in Koreans were 45.5%, 33.1%, 24.3%, 16.6%, 32.7%, and 19.0%. While the sufficient rates based on American EAR of 1~3 y, 4~8 y, 9~13 y, 14~18 y, 19~30 y, 31~50 y, 51~70 y, and 71+y in US population were 88.5%, 54.4%, 35.2%, 35.8%, 55.3%, 55.2%, 40.6%, and 24.5%. Overall, the major foods contributing to calcium intakes in Koreans were milk, baechukimchi, and anchovies, whereas, milk products, pasta, or bread were major contributions to calcium in American populations. The calcium supplement intakes in the American population were 5.5 mg (1~2 y), 15.5 mg (3~5 y), 13.9 mg (6~11 y), 35.7 mg (12~18 y), 150.3 mg (19~64 y) and 334.4 mg (${\geq}65$ y). These results suggest that Korean adolescents and older adults are the most insufficient in dietary calcium intakes among Koreans. In order to accurately estimate calcium intakes in Korean populations, calcium supplements and calcium-fortified foods should be considered.

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References

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