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Physicochemical Characteristics and Antioxidative Effects of Barley Soybean Paste (Doenjang) Containing Kelp Extracts

다시마 추출물을 첨가한 보리된장의 일반적 특성과 항산화 효과

  • Oh, Se In (Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoil University) ;
  • Sung, Jung Min (Korea Food Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Kun Jong (Department of Food and Nutrition, Soongeui Women's College)
  • Received : 2014.09.11
  • Accepted : 2014.12.02
  • Published : 2014.12.31

Abstract

This study evaluated the quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of barley Doenjang (soybean paste) containing various contents (4, 12, and 20%) of kelp extracts. After 60 days of fermentation, pH, acidity, and viscosity of Doenjang were 5.80~6.86, 0.57~1.87%, and 4,913.3~9,333.3 cps, respectively, showing significant differences according to content of kelp extracts. Amino-type nitrogen contents was 902.60~921.90 mg%. For color values, L and b values increased significantly (P<0.001), whereas a value decreased slightly according to kelp extracts. DPPH radical scavenging effect ($IC_{50}$) for butylated hydroxyanisole ranged from 10.28 mg/mL to 23.23 mg/mL. DPPH radical scavenging effects of control was highest among the samples. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were 12.72~6.37 mg tannic acid equivalence/g, and $0.98{\sim}1.56{\mu}g$ rutin equivalence/g, respectively. Initial counts of total bacteria and lactic acid bacteria were 7.20~7.57 log CFU/g, and 4.20~4.71 log CFU/g respectively, showing significant difference according treatment and fermentation (P<0.05). In the sensory evaluation, 20% kelp extract Doenjang (5.6) showed higher overall acceptability than other samples (6.5) (P<0.01). Especially, umami taste (6.1) and texture (6.4) of 20% kelp extract Doenjang were higher than those of control (P<0.05). These results suggest that Doenjang containing kelp extracts, will be good for industrial fields.

다시마에는 항산화성과 무기질이 풍부하고 알긴산 등 증점 다당류가 풍부한 해조류이다. 다시마 추출물 함량을 달리한 재래식 보리된장을 제조하여 2개월간 발효시키면서 항산화능 및 이화학적 실험을 실시하였다. 제조된 된장의 pH는 5.80~6.86, 산도는 0.57~1.87%, 수분 함량은 65.30~40.90% 범위로 저장기간 동안 pH는 감소하였고 산도는 증가하였다. 점도는 보리된장 대조군이 4,913 cps이었고 다시마 추출물의 함량이 증가할수록 4,793~9,333.3 cps까지 비례하여 증가하였으며 저장기간에 따라 비례하였다(P<0.05). 다시마를 첨가한 보리된장의 색도는 다시마 추출물의 첨가량에 따라 각각 L 값과 b 값은 증가하였으나 a 값은 다시마 추출물의 함량에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 총 페놀 함량은 대조군이 12.72 mg TAE/g, 처리군이 13.40~16.37 mg TAE/g이었으며(P<0.05), flavonoid 함량은 대조군이 $0.98{\mu}gRE/g$, 처리군이 $1.25{\sim}1.56{\mu}gRE/g$으로 다시마 추출물의 첨가량과 비례하여 항산화능에 영향을 주었다(P<0.05). DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 BHA를 (+)대조군으로 하여 $IC_{50}$ 함량을 각각 구하였으며 보리된장 대조군 23.23 mg/mL, 다시마 추출물 처리군의 경우 24.83 mg/mL, 10.28 mg/mL 수준으로 다시마 추출물이 된장의 항산화능을 증진시킨 것으로 나타났다. 다시마 추출물을 첨가한 보리된장의 총균수는 초기에 7.20~7.57 log CFU/g으로 나타났고 초기 젖산균수는 4.20~4.71 log CFU/g 범위로 나타나 다시마 처리군의 총균수는 대조군보다 적고 젖산균 수는 더 많은 것으로 나타났다. 관능검사에서 감칠맛은 대조군에 비해서 20% 다시마 처리군이 6.1점으로 유의적인 차이를 보였고(P<0.05), 질감 또한 대조군(5.7점)보다 20% 다시마 추출물을 첨가한 군이 6.4점으로 유의적으로 높았으며(P<0.05), 전체적 기호도는 대조군이 5.6점이었고 20% 첨가 처리군에서 6.5점으로 유의차가 크게 나타났다(P<0.01). 이상의 결과에서 보리된장에 다시마 추출물을 첨가하면 항산화능도 뛰어나므로 보리된장의 제품화 가능성도 더욱 크다고 사료된다.

Keywords

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