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호박품종의 영양성분 조성 비교

Comparison of nutritional compositions of five pumpkin cultivars

  • 오지연 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과) ;
  • 김소민 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과) ;
  • 윤장언 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과) ;
  • 김영섭 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과) ;
  • 조영숙 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과) ;
  • 최용민 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과)
  • Oh, Ji Yeon (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Agro-Food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, So-Min (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Agro-Food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Yoon, Jang-Eon (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Agro-Food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Jin, Yong-Xie (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Agro-Food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Cho, Young-Sook (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Agro-Food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Choi, Youngmin (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Agro-Food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 투고 : 2014.09.16
  • 심사 : 2014.12.08
  • 발행 : 2014.12.30

초록

본 연구에서는 붉은보우짱, 미니홍, 미니골드, 보우짱단 호박, 한국산약호박 5품종의 영양성분을 비교 분석하여 호박의 이용 확대와 다양한 활용을 위한 기초 자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 품종별 영양성분 비교를 위해 일반성분 7종(탄수화물, 수분, 단백질, 지방, 회분, 에너지, 식이섬유), 무기질 5종(칼슘, 인, 철, 나트륨, 인), 비타민 6종(카로티노이드, 비타민 C, 티아민, 리보플라민, 나이아신, 엽산)이 각각 분석되었다. 영양성분 함량은 시료 100 g 기준으로 환산하였으며 품종별 영양소의 절대량 비교를 위해 건물 중(dry weight basis)과 습물 중(wet weight basis) 함량을 각각 환산하였다. 일반성분 분석결과 호박 5품종의 수분함량은 74~87%, 조단백은 1.6~3.2 g/100 g, 탄수화물은 10.1~20.7 g/100 g, 총 식이섬유는 2.0~3.4 g/100 g으로 각각 분석되었다. 호박의 무기질 함량은 칼륨이 가장 높았고 철이 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 호박은 카로티노이드 성분이 풍부한 것으로 알려져 있는데 카로티노이드 이성체(루테인, 제아크산틴, 베타크립토크산틴, 알파카로틴, 베타카로틴)를 각각 분석한 결과 총 카로티노이드 함량에 영향을 미치는 성분은 주로 루테인, 제아크산틴, 베타카로틴 성분으로 나타났다. 일반성분과 무기질에서는 품종 간 뚜렷한 함량 차이를 나타내지 않은 반면 카로티노이드의 경우 생물 100 g 당 $34{\sim}280{\mu}g$ 수준으로 품종에 따라 그 함량 차이가 크게 나타났으며 약호박에서 가장 높았고 미니골드에서 가장 낮은 수준을 나타냈다. 엽산의 함량은 습물 기준 100 g 당 $26{\sim}74{\mu}g$ 수준으로 분석되었는데 특히 약호박과 보우짱이 각각 74와 $40{\mu}g$ 으로 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 호박의 일반성분과 무기질의 성분 변이는 뚜렷하지 않지만 비타민 특히, 베타카로틴의 함량이 품종 간 차이가 특이적으로 큰 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 기능성 식품 소재연구, 호박품종 개량연구, 국가표준식품성분표 작성을 위한 기초 데이터베이스 연구에 활용 될 것으로 기대된다.

The nutrient contents of pumpkins depend on many factors, including the species, climate, soil type, and plant part. The nutritional compositions of five pumpkin cultivars (red boujjang, mini hong, mini gold, boujjang, and yakhobak) were investigated. To analyze the nutrient contents of the edible parts, the other parts (seeds, skin, and stem) of each pumpkin were removed. The results showed that the proximate compositions of the edible parts of the pumpkins ranged from 74 to 87 g per 100 g for moisture, 1.6 to 3.2 g per 100 g for crude protein, 10.1 to 20.7 g per 100 g for carbohydrate content, and 2.0 to 3.4 g per 100 g for total dietary fiber. The proximate contents of the pumpkin samples were not significantly different. The thiamine contents of the pumpkins, except for red boujjang, varied from 0.03 to 0.15 mg per 100 g, but that of red boujjang had the highest level (0.60 mg per 100 g). The vitamin C contents of the pumpkins, except for boujjang, ranged from 13.0 to 14.0 mg per 100 g, but that of boujjang was the highest (49.0 mg per 100 g). In particular, yakhobak showed the highest total carotenoid and folate levels (279.5 and $74.0{\mu}g$ per 100 g, respectively). These results will be useful for coming up with better pumpkin varieties through breeding, and established the nutrient compositions of pumpkins.

키워드

참고문헌

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피인용 문헌

  1. Quality change of mini sweet pumpkins (suppress cultivation, fall planting) during storage at different conditions vol.22, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2015.22.6.779
  2. 가열조건에 따른 약호박(Cucurbita maxima subsp. maxima) 페이스트의 이화학적 관능적 품질특성 vol.24, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2017.24.1.44