Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Anti-hyperlipidemic Activity of Albizzia julibrissin and Cassia tora L. Extract Mixtures in Rats Fed with High-fat Diets

자귀나무와 결명자 추출 혼합물의 항고지혈 효과

  • Received : 2013.10.24
  • Accepted : 2014.01.13
  • Published : 2014.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-hyperlipidemic activity of Albizzia julibrissin and Cassia tora L. extract mixtures in high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. In high-fat diet fed hyperlipidemic rats, oral treatment with Albizzia julibrissin and Cassia tora L. extracts resulted in decreased levels of total serum cholesterol and triglycerides, epididymal fat pad (EFP) weights, and activities of hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and malic enzyme, while the levels of feces production and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol were increased, compared with untreated control. Therefore, these results suggest that Albizzia julibrissin and Cassia tora L. extract mixtures can ameliorate hyperlipidemia.

본 연구에서는 자귀결명자추출혼합물 첨가사료의 혈청 콜레스테롤 저하효과를 확인하기 위하여 3주령된 SD계 수컷흰쥐를 실험군당 12마리씩 배치하여 10주 동안 동물실험을 수행하였다. 흰쥐용 사료(AIN-93G diet, 조지방 함량 7%)를 기본식이로 하여 돈지와 콜레스테롤을 각각 중량비로 7%, 1% 첨가하여 총지방함량이 15%가 되도록 고지방식이를 제조하였다. 흰쥐에게 실험 1기 (first phase) 5주 동안 고지방식이(high-fat diet)를 급여하여 고지혈증을 유발시켰다. 실험 2기(second phase)에는 고지방식이군을 대조군으로 하고, 자귀결명자추출혼합물 분말을 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10% 첨가군으로 하여 5주 동안 급여하였다. 자귀결명자추출혼합물 첨가사료(1.0, 2.5, 5.0%)는 고지방식이를 급여한 흰쥐의 배변량을 유의하게 증가시켰고, 체지방중 EFP 무게는 시료 첨가군(10%)에서 유의하게 감소하였다. 혈청 지질중 총콜레스테롤 농도는 시료첨가군(5.0, 10%)이 유의하게 낮았고, HDL-콜레스테롤 농도는 시료 첨가군(1.0%)이 가장 높았다. 중성지방농도는 고지방식이 대조군에 비해 시료 첨가군(2.5% 5.0, 10%)에서 낮은 경향인 것으로 나타났다. 간조직의 효소활성에서 G6PDH 활성은 고지방식이 대조군보다 모든 시료 첨가군에서 유의하게 감소한(p<0.05), 반면 malic enzyme 활성은 고지방식이 대조군에 비하여 시료 첨가군(1.0, 10%)이 유의하게 감소하였다. 이 결과들을 종합해보면, 고지혈증 흰쥐에서의 자귀결명자추출혼합물 분말은 전반적인 지질대사 개선에 긍정적인 효과를 나타냄으로써 앞으로 고콜레스테롤혈증 예방 등의 혈관 순환기 계통 질병을 예방하기 위한 식품으로서의 활용이 기대된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Chung SI, Kim SE, Kang MY. Characteristics of surimi gel (king oyster mushroom and cuttlefish meat paste) on lipid metabolism and antioxidant status in high-cholesterol-fed rats. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 41: 191-195 (2009)
  2. Kim AJ, Kim SY, Choi MK, Kim MH, Han MR, Chung KS. Effects of mulberry leaves powder on lipid metabolism in high cholesterol-fed rats. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 37: 636-641 (2005)
  3. Edijala JK, Asagba SO, Eriyamremu GE, Uzezi A. Comparative effects of garden egg fruit oat and apple on serum lipid profile in rats fed on a high cholesterol diet. Pak. J. Nutr. 4: 245-249 (2005) https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2005.245.249
  4. Kim IS, Chae SC, Kim DW. Effects of onion and naringin extract mixed products on antihyperlipidemic levels of bio FIB hamster. Korean J. Microscopy 39: 191-197 (2009)
  5. Endo A, Tsujita Y, Kuroda M, Tanzawa K. Effects of ML-236B on cholesterol metabolism in mice and rats: lack of hypocholesterolemic activity in normal animals. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 575: 266-276 (1979) https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2760(79)90028-6
  6. Tsujita Y, Kuroda M, Tanzawa K, Kitano N, Endo A. Hypolipidemic effects in dogs of ML-236B, a competitive inhibitor of 3- hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase. Atherosclerosis 32: 307-313 (1979) https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9150(79)90174-6
  7. Yamamoto A, Sudo H, Endo A. Therapeutic effects of ML-236B in primary hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis 35: 259-266 (1980) https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9150(80)90124-0
  8. Keys A. Alpha lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in the serum and the risk of coronary heart disease and death. Lancet. 2: 603-606 (1980)
  9. Brown SL. Lowered serum cholesterol and low mood. Brit. J. Med. 313: 637-638 (1996) https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.313.7058.637
  10. Irudayaraj SS, Sunil C, Duraipandiyan V, Ignacimuthu S. In vitro antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activities of Toddalia asiatica (L) Lam. Leaves in Triton WR-1339 and high fat diet induced hyperlipidemic rats. Food Chem. Toxicol. 60: 135-140 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.035
  11. Kaneda M, Morishita E, Shibata S. Chemical studies on the oriental plant drugs. XXI. The constituents of Cassia tora L. 2. A glycoside of rubrofusarin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 17: 458-461 (1969) https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.17.458
  12. Dhanasekaran M, Ignacimuthu S, Agastian P. Potential hepatoprotective activity of ononitol monohydrate isolated from Cassia tora L. on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Phytomedicine 16: 891-895 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2009.02.006
  13. Patil UK, Saraf S, Dixit VK. Hypolipidemic activity of seeds of Cassia tora Linn. J. Ethnopharmacol. 90: 249-252 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2003.10.007
  14. Ueda M, Okazaki M, Ueda K, Yamamura S. A leaf-closing substance of Albizzia julibrissin Durazz. Tetrahedron 56: 8101-8105 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(00)00729-8
  15. Kang TH, Jeong SJ, Kim NY, Higuchi R, Kim YC. Sedative activity of two flavonol glycosides isolated from the flowers of Albizzia julibrissin Durazz. J. Ethnopharmacol. 71: 321-323 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(99)00202-0
  16. Chen SP, Zhang RY, Ma LB, Tu GZ. Structure determination of three saponins from the stem bark of Albizzia julibrissin Durazz. Acta. Pharm. Sinic. 32: 110-115 (1997)
  17. Kinjo A, Araki K, Fukui K, Higuchi H, Ikeda T, Nohara T, Ida Y, Takemoto N, Miyakoshi M, Shoji J. Six new triterpenoidal glycosides including two new sapogenols from Albizziae Cortex. V. Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo) 40: 3269-3273 (1992) https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.40.3269
  18. Woo WS, Kang SS. Isolation of a new monoterpene conjugated triterpenoid from the stem bark of Albizzia julibrissin. J. Nat. Prod. 47: 547-549 (1984) https://doi.org/10.1021/np50033a029
  19. Kim YH. Isolation of acylated sterylglycosides from the legumes of Albizzia julibrissin. Kor. J. Pharmacogn. 30: 290-294 (1999)
  20. Yun JS, Chung BH, Kim NY, Seong NS, Lee HY, Lee JH, Kim JD. Screening of 94 plant species showing ACE inhibitory activity. Korean J. Medicinal Crop Sci. 11: 246-251 (2003)
  21. Jang KG, Oh HC, Ko EK, Kang KH, Park SE, Oh MH, Kim YC. Free radical scavengers from the leaves of Albizzia julibrissin. Kor. J. Pharmacogn. 33: 18-20 (2002)
  22. Choi BD, Ryeom K. Cytotoxicity of the components of Albizzia julibrissin. J. Appl. Pharmacol. 7: 371-376 (1999)
  23. Won HJ, Han CH, Kim YH, Kwon HJ, Kim BW, Choi JS, Kim KH. Induction of apoptosis in human acute leukemia Jurkat T cells by Albizzia julibrissin extract is mediated via mitochondria-dependent caspase-3 activation. J. Ethnopharmacol. 106: 383-389 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.01.027
  24. Park YJ, Jung WC, Jeong DY, Lee YU, Lee I, Lee KS, Jeon BH, Sung KK, Moon BS. Effects of the water extract from Albizzia julibrissin on apoptosis and cell cycle progression in the human leukemic Jurkat cells. Korean J. Orient. Physiol. Pathol. 17: 1383-1392 (2003)
  25. Rudel L, Morris MD. Determination of cholesterol using O-phthalaldehyde. J. Lipid Res. 14: 364-366 (1973)
  26. Noma A, Nakayama KN, Kita M, Okabe H. Stimultaneous determination of serum cholesterol in high and low density lipoprotein with use of heparin, $Ca2^+$ and an anion exchange resin. Clin. Chem. 24: 1504-1508 (1978)
  27. Bergmeyer HU. 1974. In methods of enzymatic analysis. 2nd English ed., Academic press. Inc., New York and London, Vol. 1, p. 458-450
  28. Ochoa S. 1969. In methods in Enzymology (Lewenstein JM, ed.) Academic press. Inc., New York, Vol. 13, p. 230-231.
  29. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193: 265-275 (1951)
  30. Han CK, Kim SS, Choi SY, Park JH, Lee BH. Effects of rice added with mulberry leaves and fruit on blood glucose, body fat and serum lipid levels in rats. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 38:1336-1341 (2009) https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2009.38.10.1336
  31. Lee YS, Hong CK, Seo SJ, Kim NW. Analysis on the useful nutrition components of the Albizzia julibrissin stems and leaves. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 39: 1143-1148 (2010) https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.8.1143
  32. Hong KH, Choi WH, Ahn JY, Jung CH, Ha TY. Physicochemical properties of ethanol extracts and dietary fiber from Cassia tora L. seed. Korean J. Food Nutr. 25: 612-619 (2012) https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2012.25.3.612
  33. Park EJ, Choi SW, Cho SH. Effects of the purified extracts from Lycii Cortex Radicis and ginger on lipid status and serum cytokine levels in rats fed high fat diet. Korean J. Nutr. 45: 411-419 (2012) https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2012.45.5.411
  34. Han ZZ, Xu HD, Kim KH, Ahn TH, Bae JS, Lee JY, Gil KH, Lee JY, Woo SJ, Yoo HJ, Lee HK, Kim KH, Park CK, Zhang HS, Song SW. Reference data of the main physiological parameters in control Sprague-Dawley rats from pre-clinical toxicity studies. Lab. Anim. Res. 26: 153-164 (2010) https://doi.org/10.5625/lar.2010.26.2.153
  35. Avram AS, Avram MM, James WD. Subcutaneous fat in normal and diseased states: 2. Anatomy and physiology of white and brown adipose tissue. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 53: 671-683 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.05.015
  36. Ha TY, Cho IJ, Seong KS, Lee SH. Effect of Cassia tora ethanol extract on the lipid levels of serum and liver in rats fed high cholesterol diet. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 30: 1171-1176 (2001)
  37. Connor WE, Stone DB, Hodges RE. The interrelated effects of dietary cholesterol and fat upon human serum lipid levels. J. Clin. Invest. 43: 1691-1696 (1964) https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI105044
  38. Chung MH, Lee BJ, Kim GW. Studies on antihyperlipemic and antioxidant activity of Allium cepa L. Kor. J. Pharmacogn. 28: 198-208 (1997)
  39. Yugarani T, Tan BK, Teh M, Das NP. Effects of polyphenolic natural products on the lipid profiles of rats fed high fat diets. Lipids 27: 181-186 (1992) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02536175
  40. Lee HJ, Choi MS. Measurement of inhibitory activities on hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase and acyl-CoA: Cholesterol acyltransferase by various plant extracts in vitro. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 28: 958-962 (1999)
  41. Kim KS, Park JS. Effect of Artemisia kwayomogi water extract on hepatic injury by carbon tetrachloride in rats II, Effect on serum ALP, LAP activities, total protein, bilirubin content and liver glycogen content. Kor. J. Vet. Res. 32: 357-364 (1992)
  42. Lee WC, Kim AJ, Kim SY. The study on the functional materials and effects of mulberry leaf. Food Sci. Ind. 36(3):2-14 (2003)
  43. Ha TY, Cho IJ, Lee HY. Effect of Cassia tora ethanol extracts on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 33: 789-794 (2001)
  44. Boll M, Weber LW, Stampfl A. Nutritional regulation of the activities of lipogenic enzymes of rat liver and brown adipose tissue. Z. Naturforsch. C. 51: 859-869 (1996)
  45. Nishikawa S, Doi K, Nakayama H, Uetsuka K. The effect of fasting on hepatic lipid accumulation and transcriptional regulation of lipid metabolism differs between C57BL/6J and BALB/cA mice fed a high-fat diet. Toxicol. Pathol. 36: 850-857 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1177/0192623308323920
  46. Um MY, Ahn JY, Ha TY. Hypolipidaemic effects of cyanidin 3-glucoside rich extract from black rice through regulating hepatic lipogenic enzyme activities. J. Sci. Food Agr. 93: 3126-3128 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6070