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Optimization of Microwave Extraction Conditions for Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds from Ligustrum lucidum Aiton Using Response Surface Methodology

반응표면분석법을 이용한 여정자의 페놀계 항산화 성분에 대한 마이크로웨이브 추출조건 최적화

  • Yun, Sat-Byul (Research Center for Industrial Development of Biofood Materials, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, Yuri (Research Center for Industrial Development of Biofood Materials, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, Nam Keun (Research Center for Industrial Development of Biofood Materials, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Jeong, Eung-Jeong (Research Center for Industrial Development of Biofood Materials, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Jeong, Yong-Seob (Research Center for Industrial Development of Biofood Materials, Chonbuk National University)
  • 윤샛별 (전북대학교 바이오식품소재개발 및 산업화연구센터) ;
  • 이유리 (전북대학교 바이오식품소재개발 및 산업화연구센터) ;
  • 이남근 (전북대학교 바이오식품소재개발 및 산업화연구센터) ;
  • 정은정 (전북대학교 바이오식품소재개발 및 산업화연구센터) ;
  • 정용섭 (전북대학교 바이오식품소재개발 및 산업화연구센터)
  • Received : 2013.08.29
  • Accepted : 2014.03.04
  • Published : 2014.04.30

Abstract

Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) conditions for electron-donating ability, total phenol content, and total flavonoid content of Ligustrum lucidum Aiton. Ligustrum lucidum Aiton from different regions was tested, and Ligustrum lucidum Aiton from Haenam was chosen due to its higher total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity compared to the other samples. Central composite design was used to optimize extraction of Ligustrum lucidum Aiton from Haenam as well as determine the effects of extraction temperature ($X_1$) and extraction time ($X_2$) on dependent variables ($Y_n$). Determination coefficients ($R^2$) of the regression equations for dependent variables ranged from 0.8858 to 0.9517. The optimum points were $131.68^{\circ}C$ for extraction temperature and 5.49 min for extraction time. Predicted values of the optimized conditions were acceptable when compared to experimental values.

본 연구에서는 지역별 여정자 추출물의 항산화 활성 및 총 페놀과 총 플라보노이드 함량을 비교분석한 결과 해남산이 제주산과 중국산보다 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다. 총 페놀과 총 플라보노이드 함량은 국내 해남산이 중국산에 비해 각각 2배와 1.6배의 높은 값을 보였고, 해남산 여정자 추출물의 항산화는 DPPH법과 ABTS법에서 중국산에 비해 약 2배 이상의 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 활성이 높은 해남산 여정자의 추출공정을 최적화하기 위해서 반응표면분석을 이용하여 여정자의 추출온도와 추출시간에 따른 전자공여능, 총 페놀 함량, 총 플라보노이드 함량을 조사하였다. 중심합성계획에 따라 추출온도($X_1$), 추출시간($X_2$)을 독립변수($X_i$)로 하고 추출물의 특성 즉, 전자공여능($Y_1$), 총 페놀 함량($Y_2$), 총 플라보노이드 함량($Y_3$)을 종속변수로 하여 추출 최적화를 수행하였다. 그 결과 $R^2$은 0.8859~0.9517로 10% 이내에서 유의성이 인정되었으며, 전체 모델의 유의 확률은 0.0026~0.0206으로 모두 통계적으로 유의한 값을 나타내었다. 이들 추출물의 특성을 모두 만족시키는 최적 추출조건은 추출온도 $131.68^{\circ}C$, 추출시간 5.49분으로 나타났다. 예측된 최적 추출조건의 임의의 점에서 실험한 결과, 각 종속 변수들의 예측값이 전자공여능은 35.38%, 총 페놀 함량은 6,045.27 mg/100 g, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 103.24 mg/100 g이었고, 실제값은 전자공여능이 35.18%, 총 페놀 함량이 6,055.68 mg/100 g, 총 플라보노이드 함량이 103.72 mg/100 g으로 예측값과 실제값은 유사하게 나타났다. 따라서 마이크로웨이브 장치를 이용하여 여정자의 페놀계 화합물 추출조건을 최적화함으로써 단시간에 시료의 유용성분을 효과적으로 추출할 수 있었고, 여정자의 유용성분 열수추출 방법을 이용하여 다양한 식품소재로써 활용 가능성을 제시하게 되었다.

Keywords

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