Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회지)

The Korean Society of Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회)
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Improvement of Low-temperature Fluidity of Biodiesel from Vegetable Oils and Animal Fats Using Urea for Reduction of Total Saturated FAME

요소 이용 포화도 저감을 통한 동.식물성 바이오디젤의 저온유동성 개선

  • Lee, Yong-Hwa (Bioenergy Crop Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Kwang-Soo (Bioenergy Crop Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Jang, Young-Seok (Bioenergy Crop Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Shin, Jung-Ah (Chungnam National University, Department of Food Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Ki-Teak (Chungnam National University, Department of Food Science and Technology) ;
  • Choi, In-Hu (Bioenergy Crop Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 이영화 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물센터) ;
  • 김광수 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물센터) ;
  • 장영석 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물센터) ;
  • 신정아 (충남대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 이기택 (충남대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 최인후 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물센터)
  • Received : 2014.02.20
  • Accepted : 2014.03.06
  • Published : 2014.03.30
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Abstract

The compositions of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in biodiesel feedstocks are important factors for biodiesel properties including low-temperature fluidity and oxidative stability. This study was conducted to improve low-temperature fluidity of biodiesel by reducing total saturated FAME (fatty acid methyl ester) in animal fat biodiesel fuels via urea-based fractionation and by mixing plant biodiesel fuels (rapeseed-FAME, waste cooking oil-FAME, soybean-FAME, and camellia-FAME) with enriched-polyunsaturated FAME derived from animal fat biodiesel. Our results showed that the reduction of total saturated FAME in animal fat biodiesel lowered CFPP (Cold Filter Plugging Point) to $-15^{\circ}C$. Mixing plant biodiesel fuels with the enriched-polyunsaturated FAME derived from animal fat biodiesel lowered CFPP of blended biodiesel fuels to $-10{\sim}-18^{\circ}C$.

바이오디젤의 저온유동성과 산화안정성은 주로 녹는점이 높은 포화 및 불포화 지방산 메틸에스테르의 함량에 의해 좌우된다. 본 연구는 동물성 유지인 우지 유래 바이오디젤에 요소를 첨가하여 포화지방산 메틸에스테르 함량을 저감시켜 동물성 바이오디젤의 저온유동성 개선과 포화지방산 메틸에스테르 함량이 저감된 동물성 바이오디젤을 식물성 바이오디젤에 혼합함으로써 식물성 바이오디젤(유채유, 폐식용유, 대두유 및 동백유)의 저온유동성을 개선하기 위해 수행 되었다. 연구결과, 동물성 바이오디젤의 포화도 저감을 통해 저온필터막힘점을 최대 $-15^{\circ}C$까지 낮추었고, 포화도가 저감된 동물성 바이오디젤을 식물성 바이오디젤과 혼합함으로서 식물성 바이오디젤의 저온필터막힘점을 $-10{\sim}-18^{\circ}C$까지 낮출 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 동 식물성 유지 유래 바이오디젤의 저온특성을 개선함으로써 국내 겨울철 환경조건에서 연료유로 적용 가능성을 증대할 것으로 기대한다.

Keywords

References

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