Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
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Korean Red Ginseng saponin fraction modulates radiation effects on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 macrophage cells

  • Lee, Young Ji (Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences) ;
  • Han, Jeong Yoon (Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences) ;
  • Lee, Chang Geun (Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences) ;
  • Heo, Kyu (Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences) ;
  • Park, Se Il (Cardiovascular Product Evaluation Center, College of Medicine, Yonsei University) ;
  • Park, Yoo Soo (Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences) ;
  • Kim, Joong Sun (Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences) ;
  • Yang, Kwang Mo (Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences) ;
  • Lee, Ki-Ja (Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Hwan (Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Rhee, Man Hee (Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Sung Dae (Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences)
  • Received : 2013.10.21
  • Accepted : 2014.01.08
  • Published : 2014.07.15
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Abstract

Background: In previous work, we reported that Korean Red Ginseng saponin fraction (RGSF) showed anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The present study investigated the radioprotective properties of RGSF by examining its effects on ionizing radiation (IR)-enhanced and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammatory responses in murine macrophage cells. Results: RGSF induced strong downregulation of IR-enhanced and LPS-induced proinflammatory responses such as nitric oxide (NO) production (Inhibitory Concentration $50(IC_{50})=5.1{\pm}0.8{\mu}M$) and interleukin-$1{\beta}$ levels. RGSF was found to exert its radioprotective effects by inhibition of a signaling cascade that activated checkpoint kinase 2enuclear factor-${\kappa}B$. In addition, RGSF strongly inhibited IR-enhanced LPS-induced expression of hemoxyganase-1, implying that the latter may be a potential target of RGSF. Conclusion: Taken together, our data suggest that RGSF can be considered and developed for use as an effective radioprotective agent with minimal adverse effects.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)

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