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Survey of Sedation Practices by Pediatric Dentists

소아치과의사의 진정법 사용에 대한 실태조사

  • Yang, Yeonmi (Committee on Sedation, Education and Research, Korea Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Shin, Teojeon (Committee on Sedation, Education and Research, Korea Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yoo, Seunghoon (Committee on Sedation, Education and Research, Korea Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dankook University) ;
  • Choi, Seongchul (Committee on Sedation, Education and Research, Korea Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyunghee University) ;
  • Kim, Jiyeon (Committee on Sedation, Education and Research, Korea Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University) ;
  • Jeong, Taesung (Committee on Sedation, Education and Research, Korea Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University)
  • 양연미 (대한소아치과학회 진정법 교육연구위원회, 전북대학교 치의학전문대학원 소아치과학교실) ;
  • 신터전 (대한소아치과학회 진정법 교육연구위원회, 서울대학교 치의학전문대학원 소아치과학교실) ;
  • 유승훈 (대한소아치과학회 진정법 교육연구위원회, 단국대학교 치과대학 소아치과학교실) ;
  • 최성철 (대한소아치과학회 진정법 교육연구위원회, 경희대학교 치의학전문대학원 소아치과학교실) ;
  • 김지연 (대한소아치과학회 진정법 교육연구위원회, 부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 소아치과학교실) ;
  • 정태성 (대한소아치과학회 진정법 교육연구위원회, 부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 소아치과학교실)
  • Received : 2014.08.01
  • Accepted : 2014.08.11
  • Published : 2014.08.31

Abstract

The aim of this study was to establish the appropriate guidelines in the sedation techniques and to organize the continuing education programs for the sedation in future under the direction of Committee on Sedation, Education and Research under the Korean Academy of Pediatric Dentistry(KAPD). The surveys on the sedation technique were performed on 111 organizations which practices the sedation and responded to the survey via online and e-mail by February 2014. The collected survey were analyzed. The purpose of sedation was mainly to manage the children's behavior and its uses were primarily on 3~4 years old children. The most frequent duration of treatment was 1~2 hours to treat both maxillary and mandible. The preferred dosages of sedative drugs were chloral hydrate(CH) 50~70 mg/kg, hydorxyzine(Hx) 1~2 mg/kg, and intramuscular midazolam(Mida IM) 0.1~0.2 mg/kg. The preferred combination of the sedative drugs were CH + Hx + $N_2O/O_2$(67.6%), CH + Hx + Mida submucosal administration (SM) + $N_2O/O_2$(29.7%), and Mida IM + $N_2O/O_2$(23.4%). The administration of additional sedatives was carried out at 48%, mainly using Midazolam. 87.5% of the respondents experienced the adverse effects of the sedation such as vomiting/retching, agitation during recovery, subclinical respiratory depression, staggering, and etc. Among them, only 20% periodically retrain the emergency management protocol. About the discharge criteria for patients after the sedation, the respondents either showed a lack of clear criteria or did not follow the recommended discharge criteria. 86% of the respondents expressed the interests in taking a course on the sedation and they wanted to learn mostly about the sedation-related emergency management, the safe dosage of the sedative drugs, and etc. The use of sedation in pediatric dentistry must be consider a patient's safety as top priority and each dentist must show the evidence of sound practices for the prevention of any possible medical errors. Therefore, KAPD must establish the proper sedation guidelines and it needs to provide the systematic technical training program of sedation-related emergency management for pediatric dentists.

본 연구는 대한소아치과학회 산하 진정법 교육연구위원회가 진정법에 대한 가이드라인의 제정과 향후 정기적인 진정법교육 프로그램을 만들기 위해 시행하였다. 진정법을 사용하는 소아치과 회원 215명에게 2014년 2월 메일로 설문을 보내어 한달간 응답한 111명의 자료를 수집하여 분석하였다. 진정법은 어린이의 행동조절을 위해 선택되어, 3~4세 어린이(78%)에게 주로 사용되었다. 치료시간은 1~2시간(74.8%)이 많으며, 전악 치료(76.6%)가 주로 이루어지고 있었다. Chloral hydrate(CH) 50~70 mg/kg, hydorxyzine(Hx) 1~2 mg/kg, midazolam 근주(Mida IM) 0.1~0.2 mg/kg가 선호하는 진정법약제의 용량이었다. 진정법 시 선호하는 진정법 약제의 조합은 CH+Hx+$N_2O/O_2$(67.6%), CH+Hx+Mida 점막하투여(SM)+$N_2O/O_2$(29.7%), Mida IM+$N_2O/O_2$(23.4%) 등으로, 추가투여는 48%에서 행해지며 주로 Midazolam을 사용하고 있었다. 진정법 시 부작용을 경험한 응답자는 87.5%로, 주로 오심과 구토, 과흥분, 호흡저하 및 호흡곤란, 비틀거림 등이며, 약 20%만 정기적인 응급처치 교육을 받고 있었다. 진정법 후 환자 퇴원기준에 대해 응답자들은 명확한 퇴원기준의 부족과 추천하는 퇴원기준을 따르고 있지 않았다. 응답자의 86%가 진정법 코스에 대해 흥미를 가지고 있었으며, 진정법 코스에서 배우고 싶은 내용은 주로 응급 시 대처법과 안전한 약물용량 등 이었다. 소아치과에서의 진정법 사용은 환자안전을 최우선으로 고려하여야 하며, 의료사고예방을 위한 evidence-based 진료가 필요하다. 따라서, 대한소아치과학회는 진정법 가이드라인 및 응급처치에 대한 술기교육의 체계를 갖추어 소아치과의사들에게 제공할 필요가 있다.

Keywords

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