Korean Journal of Community Nutrition (대한지역사회영양학회지)

The Korean Society of Community Nutrition (대한지역사회영양학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of Bone Mineral Density, Biochemical Index and Nutrient Intakes of 30-70 Years Old Women -Based on 2011 KNHANES-

30~70대 여성의 골밀도, 생화학적 특성 및 영양소 섭취 분석 -2011년 국민건강영양조사를 중심으로-

  • Koo, Jae Ok (Department of Home Economics, Korea National Open University) ;
  • Kim, Myung Sook (Department of Home Economics, Korea National Open University)
  • 구재옥 (한국방송통신대학교 가정학과) ;
  • 김명숙 (한국방송통신대학교 가정학과)
  • Received : 2014.07.07
  • Accepted : 2014.08.05
  • Published : 2014.08.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: This study was carried out to investigate bone mineral density (BMD), blood pressure, age and biochemical index and nutrient intakes, and to analyze the relationship between BMD, blood pressure, biochemical index, nutrient intakes of Korean women. Methods: The study subjects were 499 women with a age range of 30-79 years living in Seoul and Kyunggi area who participated in 2011 KNHANES. The study subjects were divided into 5 age groups : 30 years (145), 40 years (110), 50 years (102), 60 years (85) and 70 years (57), and 3 BMD groups: normal 258 (50.4%), osteopenia 163 (32.9%) and osteoporosis 78 (16.7%). Results: The average waist circumference, BMI and body fat increased with age, but fat free mass decreased with age. Average BMD and T-score was decreased from 0.84, $0.74g/cm^2$ in 30 years to 0.05, $-1.05g/cm^2$ in 70 years. The rates of osteopenia and osteoporosis increased significantly 22% in 30~40 years, 47% in 50 years and 56% in 60~70 years. Systolic blood pressure and cholesterol were significantly increased with age. The rates of hypertension was significantly increased 2.1% in 30 years, 30.4% in 50 years 89.5% in 70 years. Average nutrient intakes such as protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A and C were significantly decreased with age. There were significant negative correlations between age and calcium, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride. Conclusions: In this study, we found the risk of osteoporosis and hypertension were significantly increase with over 50 years age. Calcium and protein intake decreased with age. Therefore, in order to prevent osteoporosis and hypertension, adult women need to be educated regarding the importance of protein, calcium and other nutrients in their diet.

Keywords

References

  1. Chang HS (2012): A study of nutrient intakes, blood lipids and bone mineral density according to obesity degree by percentage of body fat and age between male and female teacher in Jeonbuk province, Korea. Korean J Community Nutr 17(1): 49-68 https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2012.17.1.49
  2. Choi M, Kim MH (2007): A study on bone mineral density, dietary habits and nutritional status of adult women in the three age groups. Korean J Food Cult 22(6): 833-840
  3. Choi YJ, Im R, La SH, Choi MK (2006): Correlation between nutrient intakes and bone mineral density in carpus of female university students. J Korean Diet Assoc 12(1): 10-17
  4. Ferrara A, Barrett-Connor E, Shan J (1997): Total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol decrease with age in older men and women. The Rancho Bernardo Study 1984-1994. Circulation 96(1): 37-43 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.96.1.37
  5. Florence AT, Jean MP, Claude AR(1996): Relative influence of age and menopause on total age and regional body composition changes in postmenopausal women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 175(6): 1594-1600 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9378(96)70111-4
  6. Garnero P, Delmas PD (1996): New developments in biochemical markers for osteoporosis. Calcif Tissue Int59 Suppl 1: S2-S9
  7. Han GH, Lee JH, Ryff C, Marks N, Ok SH, Cha SE (2003): Health status and health behavior of middle-aged Korean men and women: focused on gender and age-group differences. J Korean Home Econ Assoc 41(1): 213-229
  8. Hong MS, Pak HO, Sohn CY (2012): Comparative study of food behaviors and nutrients intake according to the bone mineral density of female university students. Korean J Food Nutr 25(1): 156-162 https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2012.25.1.156
  9. Jang JY, Chung HY, Hwang YC, Jeong IK, Ahn KJ, Kwon MK, Chon S, Oh S, Woo JT, Kim SW, Kim JW, Kim YS (2008): Dietary calcium intake and bone metabolism in Korean postmenopausal women. Korean J Bone Metab 15(2): 143-149
  10. Jeon GH, Kim SR, Kim SH, Chae HD, Kim CH, Kang BM (2008): Prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in women in Kangwon provinece: geographical comparison study. Korean J Bone Metab 15(2): 135-141
  11. Kang BM, Kim MR, Yoon BK, Lee BS, Chung HW, Choi H, Park HM, Kim JG; The Study Group of Menopause (2007): The influence of exercise on bone mineral density in Korean postmenopausal women. J Korean Soc Menopause 13(2): 131-136
  12. Kang TH, Park YK, Kim EH, Kim SM, Oh HJ (2002): Spinal bone mineral density related with YSM in Korean menopausal women. J Korean Acad Fam Med 23(2): 224-232
  13. Kim HJ (2003): Research on relation of nutrients intake, health status, and bone mineral density in middle-aged women. J Korean Diet Assoc 9(4): 307-315
  14. Kim JM (2005): An analysis of related factors and nutrients intake affecting bone mineral density of college women in Daegu area. J Korean Diet Assoc 11(1): 86-94
  15. Kim KR, Kim KH, Lee EK, Lee SS (2000): A study on the factors affecting bone mineral density in adult women: besed on the mothers of elementary school students. Korean J Nutr 33(3): 241-249
  16. Kim MS, Koo JO (2007): Analysis of factors affecting bone mineral density with different age among adult women in Seoul area. Korean J Community Nutr 12(5): 559-568
  17. Kim MS, Koo JO (2008): Comparative analysis of food habits and bone density risk factors between normal and risk women living in the Seoul area. Korean J Community Nutr 13(1): 125-133
  18. Koo JO (2013): Association of bone mineral density and blood pressure, calcium intake among adult women in Seoul, Kyunggi area: based on 2011 KNHANES. Korean J Community Nutr 18(3): 269-282 https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.3.269
  19. Koo JO, Ahn HS, Yoo SY (2008): Study of bone mineral density, body composition and dietary habits of 20-30 years women. Korean J Community Nutr 13(4): 489-498
  20. Koo JO, Park S (2010): Analysis of BMI menopose, blood pressure and dietary habits affecting born mineral density of 30-60 years women. Korean J Community Nutr 15(3): 403-414
  21. Kwak HK, Kim MJ (2009): Age-related circulating inflammatory markers and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Korean women. Korean J Community Nutr 14(4): 451-461
  22. Lee EN (2000): Comparison of bone mineral density and risk factors of osteoporosis between normal and rheumatoid arthritis in postmenopausal women. J Rheumatol Health 7(1): 89-101
  23. Lee HJ, Choi MJ, Lee IK (1996): The effect of anthropometric measurement and body composition on bone mineral density of Korean women in Taegu. Korean J Nutr 29(7): 778-787
  24. Lee JS, Yu CH, Chung CE (2006): Relation between milk consumption and bone mineral density of female college students in Korea. Korean J Nutr 39(5): 451-459
  25. Lee JY, Jeong KA, Cha YJ, Kim HY (2009): The relationship between body composition, serum lipid profile and bone mineral density in Korean women. J Korean Soc Osteoporos 7(3): 159-167
  26. Lee KC, Yoon CH, Lee JB (2005): Comparison of body weight and body mass index as predictors for osteoporosis among postmenopausal Korean women. J Korean Acad Fam Med 26(10): 609-613
  27. Lee KG (2007): The correlation between bone mineral status and body composition, muscle strength, blood biochemical, and blood pressure in Korean women. Ph.D dissertation, Kyung Hee University, pp. 14-49
  28. Lee SH (2012): Association of bone mineral density with dietary intake and health-related behavior among Korean postmenopausal women. Ph.D dissertation, Myongji University, pp. 25-76
  29. Ley CJ, Lees B, Stevenson JC (1992): Sex- and menopauseassociated changes in body-fat distribution. Am J Clin Nutr 55(5): 950-954 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/55.5.950
  30. McFarlane SI, Muniyappa R, Francisco R, Sowers JR (2002): Clinical review 145: pleiotropic effects of statins: lipid reduction and beyond. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87(4): 1451-1458 https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.87.4.8412
  31. Meyer HE, Søgaard AJ, Falch JA, Jørgensen L, Emaus N (2008): Weight change over three decades and the risk of osteoporosis in men: the Norwegian Epidemiological Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS). Am J Epidemiol 168(4): 454-460 https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwn151
  32. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012): Korea Health Statistics 2011: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-2). Available from http://knhanes.cdc.go.kr [cited April 2, 2014]
  33. Mun SO, Kim J, Yang YJ (2013): Factors associated with bone mineral density in Korean postmenopausal women aged 50 years and above: using 2008-2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Korean J Community Nutr 18(2): 177-186 https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.2.177
  34. Na HB (2004): Factors affecting bone mineral density in Korean women by menopause. Korean J Community Nutr 9(1): 73-80
  35. Nam TH, Oh DJ, Han SS, Cha SU, Kim YW (1997): A preliminary research on osteoporosis in women before and after menopause. J Phys Educ Sport Sci 13: 227-244
  36. Oh SI, Lee HS, Lee MS, Kim CI, Kwon IS, Park SC (2002): Some factors affecting bone mineral status of postmenopausal women. Korean J Community Nutr 7(1): 121-129
  37. Oh SI, Lee HS, Lee MS, Kim CI, Kwon IS, Park SC (2003): Factors affecting bone mineral status of premenopausal women. Korean J Community Nutr 8(6): 927-937
  38. Park JC, Kweon HJ, Oh YK, Do HJ, Oh SW, Lym YL, Choi JK, Joh HK, Cho DY (2010): Association of the metabolic syndrome and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Korean J Fam Med 31(1): 9-15 https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2010.31.1.9
  39. Park SK, Cho YC (2013): Relationship among serum lipid levels, obesity and blood pressure in health examined adult women. J Korean Acad Ind Coop Soc 14(9): 4342-4348
  40. Philosophe R, Seibel MM (1991): Menopause and cardiovascular disease. NAACOGS Clin Issu Perinat Womens Health Nurs 2(4): 441-451
  41. Poehlman ET, Toth MJ, Ades PA, Rosen CJ (1997): Menopauseassociated changes in plasma lipids, insulin-like growth factor I and blood pressure: a longitudinal study. Eur J Clin Invest 27(4): 322-326 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2362.1997.1160662.x
  42. Shin JH, Hwang YN, Kim WW, Kim HS, Song SW (2007): The relationship between the level of serum lipids and bone metabolism among pre and postmenopausal women. Korean J Obes 16(4): 162-169
  43. Son SM, Lee Y (1998): Bone density of the middle aged women residing in urban area and the related factors: I. distribution of bone density according to age and the prevalence of osteoporosis in the middle aged women residing in urban area. Korean J Community Nutr 3(3): 380-388
  44. Song YJ, Paik HY (2002): Effect of dietary factors on bone mineral density in Korean college women. Korean J Nutr 35(4): 464-472
  45. Statistics Korea (2012): The statistics of chronic disease 2011. Available from http://www.kosis.kr [cited March 15, 2014]
  46. Statistics Korea (2013): The statistics of life table 2012. Available from http://www.kosis.kr [cited March 12, 2014]
  47. Sung CJ, Baek SK, Lee HS, Kim MH, Choi SH, Lee SY, Lee DH (2001): A study of body anthropometry and dietary factors affecting bone mineral density in Korean pre- and postmenopausal women. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 30(1): 159-167
  48. Swezey RL (1996): Exercise for osteoporosis--is walking enough? The case for site specificity and resistive exercise. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 21(23): 2809-2813 https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199612010-00020
  49. Uusi-Rasi K, Sievänen H, Pasanen M, Oja P, Vuori I (2002): Associations of calcium intake and physical activity with bone density and size in premenopausal and postmenopausal women: a peripheral quantitative computed tomography study. J bone Miner Res 17(3): 544-552 https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.3.544
  50. Yeon JY, Sung CJ (2011): A study on dietary mineral intakes, urinary mineral excretions, and bone mineral density in Korean postmenopausal women. Korean J Community Nutr 16(5): 569-579 https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.5.569
  51. Yoon EH, Noh H, Lee HM, Hwang HS, Park HK, Park YS (2012): Bone mineral density and food-frequency in Korean adults: the 2008 and 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Korean J Fam Med 33(5): 287-295 https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2012.33.5.287
  52. You MH, Son BS, Park JA, Kim JO, Yang WH (2004): Patterns of bone mineral density of adult women and its causal factors in Suwon, Korea. Korean J Sanit 19(3): 71-80
  53. Youk JI (2004): Female bone mineral density in an Urban Area and its relation with contributing factors. Master thesis, Chungnam National University, pp. 26-30
  54. Yu CH, Lee JS, Lee L, Kim SH, Lee SS, Jung IK (2002): Nutritional factors related to bone mineral density in the different age groups of Korean women. Korean J Nutr 35(7): 779-790
  55. Yu CH, Lee YS, Lee JS (1998): Some factors affecting bone density of Korean college women. Korean J Nutr 31(1): 36-45

Cited by

  1. 한국에 거주하고 있는 북한이탈주민 여성의 골밀도에 따른 식생활과 영양상태 vol.52, pp.5, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2019.52.5.449
  2. 2016년 국민건강영양조사에 나타난 식사 횟수에 따른 영양 및 식품섭취 실태조사 - 20, 30대 여자를 중심으로 - vol.33, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2020.33.3.237