Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy (생약학회지)

The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy (한국생약학회)
권호 표지

Quantitative Analysis of Anthraquinones in Cassiae Semen by Processing Method

수치에 따른 결명자 주요 Anthraquinone의 함량분석

  • Seo, Chang-Seob (Herbal Medicine Formulation Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Hoon (Herbal Medicine Formulation Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Hyeun-Kyoo (Herbal Medicine Formulation Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine) ;
  • Hwang, Seock-Yeon (Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Natural Science, Daejeon University) ;
  • Kim, Byoung-Soo (Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University)
  • 서창섭 (한국한의학연구원 한약방제연구그룹) ;
  • 김정훈 (한국한의학연구원 한약방제연구그룹) ;
  • 신현규 (한국한의학연구원 한약방제연구그룹) ;
  • 황석연 (대전대학교 자연과학대학) ;
  • 김병수 (대전대학교 한의과대학)
  • Received : 2014.06.20
  • Accepted : 2014.08.20
  • Published : 2014.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, we performed quantification determination of four major components including aurantio-obtusin, emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion in the 70% ethanol extracts of non-processed Cassiae Semen and processed Cassiae Semen using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector. The analytical column for separation of the 4 constituents used a Gemini $C_{18}$ column kept at $40^{\circ}C$ by the gradient elution with 1.0% (v/v) acetic acid in water and 1.0% (v/v) acetic acid in acetonitrile as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the injection volume was $10{\mu}L$. The amount of aurantio-obtusin, emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion in non-processed Cassiae Semen were 0.07%, 0.02%, 0.25%, and 0.10%, respectively. The amount of aurantio-obtusin, emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion in processed Cassiae Semen were 0.04-0.14%, 0.01-0.03%, 0.02-0.42%, and 0.01-0.24%, respectively. Consequently, the optimal processing condition of Cassiae Semen for the improvements of amounts of four anthraquinone compounds was obtained by roasting at $240^{\circ}C$ for 15 min.

Keywords

References

  1. Kim, J. S., Kim, H. J., Ma, J. Y. and Kim, J. M. (2002) Studies on the processing of herbal medicines (II) - HPLC analysis of standard compounds of unprocessed- and processed herbal medicines - Kor. J. Pharmacogn. 33: 305-307.
  2. 康秉秀, 徐富一, 崔湖榮 (2003) 韓藥 製와 臨床應用, 46-69. 영림사, 서울.
  3. 생약학교재편찬위원회 (2012) 생약학, 304-306. 동명사, 서울.
  4. 한방약리학교재편찬위원회 (2010) 한방약리학, 419-422. 신일북스, 서울.
  5. Ju, H. K., Hwang, B. Y., Kang, S. J., Chang, S. Y., Won, D. H., Ro, J. S. and Lee, K. S. (2001) Isolation and quantitative analysis of aurantio-obtusin from Cassiae Semen. Kor. J. Pharmacogn. 32: 157-162.
  6. Fu, F., Tian, F., Zhou, H., Lv, W., Tie, R., Ji, L., Li, R., Shi, Z., Yu, L., Liang, X., Xing, W., Xing, J., Yu, J., Sun, L., Zhu, H. and Zhang, H. (2014) Semen Cassiae attenuates myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in high-fat diet streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Am. J. Chin. Med. 42: 95-108. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X14500062
  7. Kim, Y. S., Jung, D. H., Sohn, E., Lee, Y. M., Kim, C. S. and Kim, J. S. (2014) Extract of Cassiae semen attenuates diabetic nephropathy via inhibition of advanced glycation end products accumulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Phytomedicine 21: 734-739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2013.11.002
  8. Ju, M. S., Kim, H. G., Choi, J. G., Ryu, J. H., Hur, J., Kim, Y. J. and Oh, M. S. (2010) Cassiae Semen, a seed of Cassia obtusifolia, has neuroprotective effects in Parkinson's disease models. Food Chem. Toxicol. 48: 2037-2044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2010.05.002
  9. Caceres, A., Lopez. B. R., Giron, M. A. and Logemann, H. (1991) Plants used in Guatemala for the treatment of dermatophytic infections. 1. Screening for antimycotic activity of 44 plant extracts. J. Ethnopharmacol. 31: 263-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(91)90011-2
  10. Hong, K. H., Um, M. Y., Ahn, J. and Ha, T. Y. (2012) Effect of Cassia tora extracts on D-galactosamine-induced liver injury in rats. Korean J. Food Nutr. 25: 546-553. https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2012.25.3.546
  11. Ha, T. Y., Cho, I. J. and Lee, H. Y. (2001) Effect of Cassia tora ethanol extracts on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 33: 789-794.
  12. Ahn, B. Y. (2009) Desmutagenic effect of water extract from Cassia tora L. on the mutagenicity of N-methyl-N-nitro-N'-nitrosoguanidine in E. coli PQ37. J. Fd. Hyg. Safety 24: 46-49.
  13. Na, G. M., Han, H. S., Ye, S. H. and Kim, H. K. (2004) Extraction characteristics and antioxidative activity of Cassia tora L. extracts. Korean J. Food Culture 19: 499-505.
  14. Yun-Choi, H. S., Kim, J. H. and Takido, M. (1990) Potential inhibitors of platelet aggregation from plant sources, V. Anthraquinones from seeds of Cassia obtusifolia and related compounds. J. Nat. Prod. 53: 30-633.
  15. Bin-Hafeez, B., Ahmad, I., Haque, R. and Raisuddin, S. (2001) Protective effect of Cassia occidentalis L. on chclophosphamide-induced suppression of humoral immunity in mice. J. Ethnopharmacol. 75: 13-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00382-2
  16. 동의학연구소 (1994) 한약제법, 69. 여강출판사, 서울.
  17. Lee, M. H., Cho, J. H. and Kim, B. K. (2013) Effect of roasting conditions on the antioxidant activities of Cassia tora L.. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 45: 657-660. https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2013.45.5.657
  18. Joo, H. K., Yun, J. B., Kim, K. G., Sa, T. M. and Lee, Y. T. (1997) Effects of roasted Cassia tora L. extracts on the chemical changes and microbial growth. Agric. Chem. Biotechnol. 40: 472-477.
  19. Kim, J. K., Hawer, W. D., Ha, J. H., Moon, K. D. and Chung, S. K. (1995) Changes of volatile flavor components on roasting conditions in Cassia tora seeds. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 27: 736-741.
  20. 전국한의과대학 공동교재편찬위원회 편저 (2004) 본초학, 553. 영림사, 서울.
  21. 한국약학대학협의회 약전분과회 (2008) 제9개정 대한약전해설서 II, 1101. 신일북스, 서울.
  22. 한국약학대학협의회 약전분과회 (2008) 제9개정 대한약전해설서 I, 103-105. 신일북스, 서울.
  23. 식품의약품안전청. 식품의약품안전청 고시 제2011-42호. 2011.
  24. Zhang, W. D., Wang, Y., Wang, Q., Yang, W. J., Gu, Y., Wang, R., Song, S. M. and Wang, X. J. (2012) Quality evaluation of Semen Cassiae (Cassia obtusifolia L.) by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. J. Sep. Sci. 35: 2054-2062. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201200009
  25. Xu, L., Chan, C. O., Lau, C. C., Yu, Z., Mok, D. K. and Chen, S. (2012) Simultaneous determination of eight anthraquinones in Semen Cassiae by HPLC-DAD. Phytochem. Anal. 23: 110-116. https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.1331
  26. Jang, D. S., Lee, G. Y., Kim, Y. S., Lee, Y. M., Kim, C. S., Yoo, J. L. and Kim, J. S. (2007) Anthraquinones from the seeds of Cassia tora with inhibitory activity on protein glycation and aldose reductase. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 30: 2207-2210. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.30.2207
  27. Li, S. W., Yang, T. C., Lai, C. C., Huang, S. H., Liao, J. M., Wan, L., Lin, Y. J. and Lin, C. W. (2014) Antiviral activity of aloe-emodin against influenza A virus via galectin-3 up-regulation. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 738: 125-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.05.028
  28. Wijesekara, I., Zhang, C., Van Ta, Q., Vo, T. S., Li, Y. X. and Kim, S. K. (2014) Physcion from marine-derived fungus Microsporum sp. induces apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. Microbiol. Res. 169: 255-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2013.09.001