Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회논문지)

Korean Institute of Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회)
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Numerical Study on Air Egress Velocity in Vestibule Pressurization System : Characteristics of Air Flow in the Vestibule with Multiple Fire Doors in an Apartment Building

부속실 가압 시스템의 방연풍속에 관한 수치해석적 연구: 공동주택 부속실내에 다수 출입문의 존재시 기류특성

  • Seo, Chanwon (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Shin, Weon Gyu (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2014.07.11
  • Accepted : 2014.10.17
  • Published : 2014.10.31
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Abstract

The pressurized smoke control system in the vestibule is important for fire safety in buildings because it is concerned with egress time of people and the safety of fire fighters. The vestibule pressurization system can prevent smoke from entering the vestibule using differential pressure when fire doors are closed and using the egress velocity when fire doors are open. Air supplying units in the vestibule need to be arranged by taking account of the location of doors and the volume of the vestibule in order to assure the uniform air egress velocity through a fire door when it is open. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted for the vestibule where multiple doors are installed and it was found that the reverse flow occurs when the damper position in vestibule is not appropriate.

건축물 내부에 화재가 발생 시 재실자 피난 및 소방관의 소화활동에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 급기가압 제연설비는 방화문 비개방 시에는 차압에 의하여, 방화문 개방 시에는 방연풍속에 의하여 연기의 침입을 방지하는 것을 핵심 개념으로하고 있다. 이를 위해서는 특히 재실자 피난 시 방화문이 개방되는 경우 균일한 방연풍속이 형성될 수 있도록 공기 공급 유니트를 배치할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 대형건물에 설치되는 다수의 출입문을 갖는 부속실의 경우, 방연풍속이 균일하게 형성될 수 있는지에 대하여 수치해석을 수행하였다. 부속실의 댐퍼위치가 한쪽으로 치우친 경우 방연풍속으로 연기의 침입을 막는 것이 아니라, 역류현상이 발생하여 방연성능에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

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